Guide for Authors
World Development is a multi-disciplinary monthly journal of development studies. It
seeks to explore ways of improving standards of living, and the human condition generally, by examining potential solutions to problems
such as: poverty, unemployment, malnutrition, disease, lack of shelter, environmental degradation, inadequate scientific and technological
resources, trade and payments imbalances, international debt, gender and ethnic discrimination, militarism and civil conflict, and lack
of popular participation in economic and political life. Contributions offer constructive ideas and analysis, and highlight the lessons
to be learned from the experiences of different nations, societies, and economies. World Development recognizes 'development' as a process
of change involving nations, economies, political alliances, institutions, groups, and individuals. Development processes occur in different
ways and at all levels: inside the family, the firm and the farm; locally, provincially, nationally, and globally. Our goal is to learn
from one another, regardless of nation, culture, income, academic discipline, profession or ideology. We hope to set a modest example
of enduring global cooperation through maintaining an international dialogue and dismantling barriers to communication.
Please read
these guidelines thoroughly, paying particular attention to the sections on References, Endnotes, Tables and Figures.
Ensure that
the formatting requirements specified in this document are followed or the paper will be returned to you
. We urge you to be particularly
vigilant in adhering to these requirements, as we no longer have the copy editing support we received in the past.
Ethics in publishing
For information on Ethics in publishing
and Ethical guidelines for journal publication see
http://www.elsevier.com/publishingethics and
http://www.elsevier.com/ethicalguidelines.
Conflict of interest
All authors are requested to disclose any actual or potential conflict of interest including
any financial, personal or other relationships with other people or organizations within three years of beginning the submitted work
that could inappropriately influence, or be perceived to influence, their work. See also
http://www.elsevier.com/conflictsofinterest.
Submission declaration and verification
Submission of an article implies that the work described has not been
published previously (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture or academic thesis), that it is not under consideration
for publication elsewhere, that its publication is approved by all authors and tacitly or explicitly by the responsible authorities where
the work was carried out, and that, if accepted, it will not be published elsewhere in the same form, in English or in any other language,
including electronically without the written consent of the copyright-holder. To verify originality, your article may be checked by the
originality detection software iThenticate. See also
http://www.elsevier.com/editors/plagdetect.
Changes
to authorship
This policy concerns the addition, deletion, or rearrangement of author names in the authorship of accepted
manuscripts:
Before the accepted manuscript is published in an online issue: Requests to add or remove an author, or to rearrange
the author names, must be sent to the Journal Manager from the corresponding author of the accepted manuscript and must include: (a)
the reason the name should be added or removed, or the author names rearranged and (b) written confirmation (e-mail, fax, letter) from
all authors that they agree with the addition, removal or rearrangement. In the case of addition or removal of authors, this includes
confirmation from the author being added or removed. Requests that are not sent by the corresponding author will be forwarded by the
Journal Manager to the corresponding author, who must follow the procedure as described above. Note that: (1) Journal Managers will inform
the Journal Editors of any such requests and (2) publication of the accepted manuscript in an online issue is suspended until authorship
has been agreed.
After the accepted manuscript is published in an online issue: Any requests to add, delete, or rearrange
author names in an article published in an online issue will follow the same policies as noted above and result in a corrigendum.
Copyright
Upon acceptance of an article, authors will be asked to complete a 'Journal Publishing Agreement'
(for more information on this and copyright see
http://www.elsevier.com/copyright). Acceptance of the agreement will ensure
the widest possible dissemination of information. An e-mail will be sent to the corresponding author confirming receipt of the manuscript
together with a 'Journal Publishing Agreement' form or a link to the online version of this agreement.
Subscribers may reproduce
tables of contents or prepare lists of articles including abstracts for internal circulation within their institutions. Permission of
the Publisher is required for resale or distribution outside the institution and for all other derivative works, including compilations
and translations (please consult
http://www.elsevier.com/permissions). If excerpts from other copyrighted works are included,
the author(s) must obtain written permission from the copyright owners and credit the source(s) in the article. Elsevier has preprinted
forms for use by authors in these cases: please consult
http://www.elsevier.com/permissions.
Retained
author rights
As an author you (or your employer or institution) retain certain rights; for details you are referred to:
http://www.elsevier.com/authorsrights.
Role of the funding source
You are requested
to identify who provided financial support for the conduct of the research and/or preparation of the article and to briefly describe
the role of the sponsor(s), if any, in study design; in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report;
and in the decision to submit the article for publication. If the funding source(s) had no such involvement then this should be stated.
Please see
http://www.elsevier.com/funding.
Funding body agreements and policies
Elsevier
has established agreements and developed policies to allow authors whose articles appear in journals published by Elsevier, to comply
with potential manuscript archiving requirements as specified as conditions of their grant awards. To learn more about existing agreements
and policies please visit
http://www.elsevier.com/fundingbodies.
Open access
This
journal offers you the option of making your article freely available to all via the ScienceDirect platform. To prevent any conflict
of interest, you can only make this choice after receiving notification that your article has been accepted for publication. The fee of $3,000 excludes taxes and other potential author fees such as color charges. In some cases, institutions and funding bodies have entered
into agreement with Elsevier to meet these fees on behalf of their authors. Details of these agreements are available at
http://www.elsevier.com/fundingbodies.
Authors of accepted articles, who wish to take advantage of this option, should complete and submit the order form (available at
http://www.elsevier.com/locate/openaccessform.pdf).
Whatever access option you choose, you retain many rights as an author, including the right to post a revised personal version of your
article on your own website. More information can be found here:
http://www.elsevier.com/authorsrights.
Language and language services
Please write your text in good English (American or British usage is accepted,
but not a mixture of these). Authors who require information about language editing and copyediting services pre- and post-submission
please visit
http://webshop.elsevier.com/languageservices
or our customer support site at
http://support.elsevier.com
for more information.
Submission
Submission to this journal proceeds totally online and
you will be guided stepwise through the creation and uploading of your files. The system automatically converts source files to a single
PDF file of the article, which is used in the peer-review process. Please note that even though manuscript source files are converted
to PDF files at submission for the review process, these source files are needed for further processing after acceptance. All correspondence,
including notification of the Editor's decision and requests for revision, takes place by e-mail removing the need for a paper trail.
Submission Site for World Development
To submit your paper please click here:
http://www.ees.elsevier.com/wd/
House Style
World Development uses the
American
Psychological Associations reference style
. For details, see the following website:
http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/
(Examples
are given in the section on References on pp. 2 and 3 of this document.)
The journal uses gender-neutral language. For example, 'man'
is not acceptable as a generic term ('human' is). Masculine pronouns should be applied only to males. World Development uses American
rather than British spelling. Numbers from zero to nine should be written out (e.g., three); Arabic numerals should be used for all
other numbers (e.g., 14). Dates should be written as follows: April 14, 2010.
Manuscripts submitted to
World Development
should have a minimum of 6,000 words and not exceed 10,000 words, exclusive of References, Endnotes, Tables and Figures, etc.
Order
of Presentation
Manuscripts must be organized in the following sequence, and pages must be numbered consecutively
(i.e., there should not be separate pagination for Abstract/Keywords, Acknowledgements, Text, References, Endnotes, Tables, Figures,
Appendices, etc.):
- Cover Page that includes the paper's title;
all
author names, affiliations, and complete
hard mail and email addresses; and the telephone and fax numbers (with country and area code) for the corresponding author who will serve
as the contact throughout the editorial process. Contact details must be kept up to date by the corresponding author. Where the family
name may be ambiguous (e.g., a double name), please indicate this clearly.
- Abstract of the paper --
limited to 100
words
-- on a separate page and double-spaced.
- Keywords -- up to six (on the same page as the Abstract).
- Acknowledgements -- on a separate page and double-spaced.
- Text of the manuscript --
entirely double-spaced.
- References --
entirely double-spaced and including all works cited in the manuscript (and only these works).
- Endnotes (not footnotes) --
entirely double-spaced
and designated by superscript Arabic numerals in continuous sequence.
- Tables* -- Placement of the Tables within the Text should be clearly indicated (e.g., Table 1 here). Tables should
be clearly labeled by number, with the title positioned above the Table, not below it.
- Figures* -- Placement
of the Figures within the Text should be clearly indicated (e.g., Figure 1 here). Figures should be clearly labeled by number,
with the caption positioned below the Figure, not above it.
- Appendices when appropriate.
*
Tables and Figures
should be supplied on separate pages and placed at the end of the Text, after the References and Endnotes. Note that we do
not
publish photographs.
Appendices
Appendices should be submitted on
separate pages,
with
double-spacing
. Appendices may contain Figures or Tables but, because of their placement, may not contain notes.
Keywords
Authors are asked to select up to six Keywords to describe their paper. Two of these should describe
the paper's geographical focus: one regional (e.g., Asia) and one country-specific (e.g., China).
Headings
and Subheadings
World Development uses three levels of headings and subheadings:
Primary headings are
typed in all capital letters, designated with Arabic numerals, and centered on the page. For example:
- INTRODUCTION
- LINKAGES BETWEEN EXTERNAL DEBT AND CAPITAL FLIGHT
Secondary subheadings use sentence-case capitalization (i.e.,
only the first word of the subheading is capitalized). Secondary subheadings are designated by lowercase letters in parentheses and are
also centered. For example:
(a) Indirect linkages
(b) Direct causal linkages
Tertiary subheadings also use sentence-case
capitalization; they are positioned flush with the left-hand margin and designated with lowercase Roman numerals in parentheses. For
example:
(i) Debt-driven capital flight
(ii) Debt-fueled capital flight
Mathematical Text and Equations
The
full mathematical workings necessary for justifying each step of the argument should accompany all articles of a mathematical character
in order to assist the referees. These workings will not be published. Mathematical equations presented within the Text should have ample
white space above and below them so that printer's marks can be inserted by the journal staff. Greek characters and mathematical symbols
should be clearly identified.
Electronic artwork
General points
• Make
sure you use uniform lettering and sizing of your original artwork.
• Save text in illustrations as 'graphics' or enclose the
font.
• Only use the following fonts in your illustrations: Arial, Courier, Times, Symbol.
• Number the illustrations
according to their sequence in the text.
• Use a logical naming convention for your artwork files.
• Provide captions
to illustrations separately.
• Produce images near to the desired size of the printed version.
• Submit each figure
as a separate file.
A detailed guide on electronic artwork is available on our website:
http://www.elsevier.com/artworkinstructions
You are urged to visit this site; some excerpts from the detailed information are given here.
Formats
Regardless
of the application used, when your electronic artwork is finalised, please 'save as' or convert the images to one of the following formats
(note the resolution requirements for line drawings, halftones, and line/halftone combinations given below):
EPS: Vector drawings.
Embed the font or save the text as 'graphics'.
TIFF: Color or grayscale photographs (halftones): always use a minimum of 300 dpi.
TIFF: Bitmapped line drawings: use a minimum of 1000 dpi.
TIFF: Combinations bitmapped line/half-tone (color or grayscale): a
minimum of 500 dpi is required.
If your electronic artwork is created in a Microsoft Office application (Word, PowerPoint, Excel)
then please supply 'as is'.
Please do not:
• Supply files that are optimised for screen use (e.g., GIF, BMP, PICT,
WPG); the resolution is too low;
• Supply files that are too low in resolution;
• Submit graphics that are disproportionately
large for the content.
Color artwork
Please make sure that artwork files are in an acceptable
format (TIFF, EPS or MS Office files) and with the correct resolution. If, together with your accepted article, you submit usable color
figures then Elsevier will ensure, at no additional charge, that these figures will appear in color on the Web (e.g., ScienceDirect and
other sites) regardless of whether or not these illustrations are reproduced in color in the printed version.
For color reproduction
in print, you will receive information regarding the costs from Elsevier after receipt of your accepted article. Please indicate
your preference for color: in print or on the Web only. For further information on the preparation of electronic artwork, please see
http://www.elsevier.com/artworkinstructions.
Please note: Because of technical complications which can arise by converting
color figures to 'gray scale' (for the printed version should you not opt for color in print) please submit in addition usable black
and white versions of all the color illustrations.
References
Reference citations should
be double-spaced and include all works cited in the manuscript (and only these works). In
World Development, References
are listed alphabetically by author's last name and then further sorted chronologically if necessary. More than one Reference from the
same author(s) in the same year must be identified by the letters 'a', 'b', 'c', etc., placed after the year of publication. Do not
use lines to indicate repeated names; simply repeat the name. Citation of a Reference as 'in press' implies that the item has been accepted
for publication. The References section precedes the Endnotes section at the end of the Text. Please note that any sources for Tables
or Figures must be listed in full in the References section.
Verify that each citation appearing in the Text or Endnotes has a
corresponding entry in the References section and that the names and dates agree.
World Development follows the
American
Psychological Association reference style
. For details, see the following website:
http://humanities.byu.edu/linguistics/Henrichsen/APA/APA01.html.
Examples of typical References are as follows:
Books:
(Please note the use of italics in lieu of underlining)
Author, A. A. (1996).
Title of book. City: Publisher.
Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (1996).
Title of book: Subtitle
of book. City, ST: Publisher.
Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (1956/1996).
Title of book: Vol. 1. Title
of series. City, Country: Publisher.
Chapters in Edited Volumes:
(Please note the use of italics in lieu of underlining)
N.B.
Full information on the volume must be given in every citation of that volume.
Author, A. A. (1996). Title
of chapter. In E. E. Editor (Ed.),
Title of book (pp. 1-25). City: Publisher.
Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (1996).
Title of chapter. In E. E. Editor, & F. F. Editor (Eds.),
Title of book: Subtitle of book (2nd. ed., pp. 1-25). City, ST:
Publisher.
Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (1956/1996). Title of chapter. In E. E. Editor, F. F. Editor, &
G. G. Editor (Eds.),
Title of book: Subtitle of book (Rev. ed., pp. 1-25). City, Country: Publisher.
Journal Articles:
(Please note the use of italics in lieu of underlining)
Author, A. A. (1996). Title of journal article.
Title
of journal, volume number (issue number), first page-last page.
Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (1996).
Title of journal
article: Subtitle of journal article. Title of journal, volume number, (issue number), first page-last page.
Author, A. A.,
Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (1996). Title of journal article.
Title of journal: Subtitle of journal, volume number (issue
number), first page-last page.
Dissertations:
(Please note the use of italics in lieu of underlining)
Borden,
T. A. (1991).
Local organizations as terrains of struggle: Dysfunction as resistance in the agricultural cooperatives of Niger.
Unpublished doctoral dissertation, The American University, Washington D.C.
Websites:
(Please note the use of italics
in lieu of underlining)
The full URL and the date accessed should be given.
Author, A. A. (1996). Title of electronic
text [E-text type]. Location of document.
Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (1996). Title of electronic journal article.
Title
of electronic journal [Online serial], Volume number.
Endnotes
The Endnotes section
must be double-spaced.
In
World Development, all notes are listed separately in the Endnotes section at the end of
the Text (
NOT AT THE BOTTOM OF EACH PAGE). Bibliographical information in the Endnotes section is limited to the author, year
of publication, and page number. For example: (see Adams, 1983, p. 57). More detailed bibliographical information is reserved for the
References section.
Any sources given in the Endnotes must be listed in full in the References. Authors should carefully check each
citation in the Endnotes to ensure that it has a corresponding entry in the References section and that the names and dates agree. Explanatory
Tables must not be placed in the Endnotes, but may be placed in an Appendix at the end of the paper. A note can then simply refer to
the material in the Appendix. (Acknowledgements should be given on a separate page following the Abstract and Keywords and should not
be numbered with the Endnotes.)
Tables
Statistical Tables must be submitted on separate pages and placed at the end of
the Text, after the References and Endnotes. They must be numbered consecutively in accordance with their appearance in the Text, with
the title positioned above the Table, not below it. Placement of the Tables within the Text should be clearly indicated (e.g., Table
1 here). Units of measurement, base dates for index numbers, geographical area and years covered, etc., should be clearly defined and
not abbreviated. The source for the Table should be listed directly below the Table; the full citation for the source should be listed
in the References. Notes to Tables should be referred to by alphabetical superscripts, except for degrees of probability, which should
be denoted by *, **, and ***. Other notes are designated by superscript lowercase letters (i.e., a, b, c, and so on).
Tables should
not contain vertical lines. Horizontal lines should be kept to a minimum. Please remember that, especially on Tables, space is needed
for instructions to the printer.
Figures
NOTE:
Although the Figures in the page proofs will be in color (i.e.,
the way they will appear in the
online copy), the hard copy of the Figures will appear only in shades of gray. Thus, any color
Figures should be adjusted accordingly. FYI, printing the Figure proofs in black and white will enable you to see how they will appear
in print (roughly the same quality). If you have any concerns about the printed version, please supply a separate file of the Figures
for the printed version (with improved shading).
As with Tables, Figures must be submitted on separate pages and placed at the end
of the Text, after the References and Endnotes.
They must be numbered consecutively in accordance with their appearance in the Text,
with the caption positioned below the Figure, not above it. Placement of the Figures within the Text should be clearly indicated (e.g.,
Figure 1 here). Ideally, Figures should be submitted in camera-ready form. This will speed up publication time and eliminate the possibility
of errors. Avoid landscape or foldout Figures.
Video data
Elsevier accepts video material
and animation sequences to support and enhance your scientific research. Authors who have video or animation files that they wish to
submit with their article are strongly encouraged to include these within the body of the article. This can be done in the same way as
a figure or table by referring to the video or animation content and noting in the body text where it should be placed. All submitted
files should be properly labeled so that they directly relate to the video file's content. In order to ensure that your video or animation
material is directly usable, please provide the files in one of our recommended file formats with a preferred maximum size of 50 MB.
Video and animation files supplied will be published online in the electronic version of your article in Elsevier Web products, including
ScienceDirect:
http://www.sciencedirect.com. Please supply 'stills' with your files: you can choose any frame from the video
or animation or make a separate image. These will be used instead of standard icons and will personalize the link to your video data.
For more detailed instructions please visit our video instruction pages at
http://www.elsevier.com/artworkinstructions.
Note: since video and animation cannot be embedded in the print version of the journal, please provide text for both the electronic and
the print version for the portions of the article that refer to this content.
Supplementary data
Elsevier
accepts electronic supplementary material to support and enhance your scientific research. Supplementary files offer the author additional
possibilities to publish supporting applications, high-resolution images, background datasets, sound clips and more. Supplementary files
supplied will be published online alongside the electronic version of your article in Elsevier Web products, including ScienceDirect:
http://www.sciencedirect.com. In order to ensure that your submitted material is directly usable, please provide the data
in one of our recommended file formats. Authors should submit the material in electronic format together with the article and supply
a concise and descriptive caption for each file. For more detailed instructions please visit our artwork instruction pages at
http://www.elsevier.com/artworkinstructions.
Text Boxes
World Development does not publish text boxes. Information contained in a text
box must be removed from the box and integrated into the main body of the paper, or eliminated entirely.
Submission
Checklist
The following list will be useful during the final checking of a manuscript prior to submitting it to
World
Development.
Ensure that the following items are present: Cover Page that includes the paper's title;
all
author names, affiliations, and complete hard mail and email addresses for each author; and the telephone and fax numbers (with country
and area code) for the clearly-identified corresponding author.
All necessary files have been uploaded, and contain:
-
Keywords
- all Figure captions
- all Tables (including title, description, footnotes)
Further considerations:
- Manuscript has been 'spell-checked' and 'grammar-checked'
- References are in the correct format for this journal (i.e.,
the American Psychological Association's reference style)
- All references mentioned in the References are cited in the Text
and/or Endnotes, and vice versa
- Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted material from other sources (including
Web sources)
- Color Figures are clearly marked as being intended for color reproduction on the Web (free of charge) and in
print, or for color reproduction on the Web (free of charge) and in black and white in print
- If only color on the Web is
required, black-and-white versions of the Figures are also supplied for printing purposes
Notes for Contributors
Authors
are requested to submit a computer disk containing the final version of the paper along with the final manuscript to the editorial office.
Please observe the following criteria: (a) Send only hard copy when first submitting your paper. (b) When your paper has been refereed,
revised if necessary and accepted, send a disk containing the final version with the final hard copy. Make sure that the disk and the
hard copy match exactly. (c) Specify the software which has been used, including which version (d) Specify the computer which has been
used (either IBM compatible PC or Apple Macintosh). (e) Include the text file and separate table and illustration files, if available.
(f) The file should follow the general instructions on style/arrangement and, in particular, the reference style of this journal as given
in the Information for Contributors. (g) The file should be single-spaced and should use the wrap-around-the-end-of-line feature, i.e.,
no returns at the end of each line. All textual elements should begin flush left, no paragraph indents. Place two returns after every
element such as title, headings, paragraphs, figure and table call-outs. (h). Keep a back-up disk for reference and safety.
Use of the Digital Object Identifier
The Digital Object Identifier (DOI) may be used to cite and link to electronic
documents. The DOI consists of a unique alpha-numeric character string which is assigned to a document by the publisher upon the initial
electronic publication. The assigned DOI never changes. Therefore, it is an ideal medium for citing a document, particularly 'Articles
in press' because they have not yet received their full bibliographic information. The correct format for citing a DOI is shown as follows
(example taken from a document in the journal
Physics Letters B):
doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2010.09.059
When you use the
DOI to create URL hyperlinks to documents on the web, the DOIs are guaranteed never to change.
Page Proofs
Authors
are expected to correct page proofs expeditiously and to keep alterations to a minimum; the original typescript must be regarded as definitive.
Significant changes to an article that has been accepted for publication will only be considered at this stage with permission from
the Editor-in-Chief. The publisher reserves the right to charge authors for excessive author corrections made in proofs.
We urge
authors to be particularly vigilant in verifying the page proofs, as we no longer have the copy editing support we received in the past.
One set of page proofs (as PDF files) will be sent by email to the corresponding author, or a link will be provided in the email so that
authors can download the files themselves. Elsevier provides authors with PDF proofs which can be annotated; for this, you will need
to download Adobe Reader 7.0 (or a higher version) available free from http://get.adobe.com/reader. Instructions on how to annotate PDF
files will accompany the proofs (also given online). The exact system requirements are given at the following website:
http://www.adobe.com/products/reader/tech-specs.html.
If you do not wish to use the PDF annotations function, you may list the corrections (including replies to the Query Form) and return
them to Elsevier in an email. Please quote the line number for each correction you list. If, for any reason, this is not possible, mark
the corrections and any other comments (including replies to the Query Form) on a printout of your proof and return it by fax, or scan
the pages and email it.
Please use this page proof only for checking the typesetting, editing, completeness and correctness of the
Text, Tables and Figures. It is important to ensure that all corrections are sent back to us in one communication; please check carefully
before replying, as inclusion of any subsequent corrections cannot be guaranteed. Proofreading is solely your responsibility. Note that
Elsevier may proceed with the publication of your article if no response is received.
Offprints
Either
twenty-five hard copy offprints
or
an electronic offprint are provided free of charge. The corresponding author will be
provided with a PDF file of the article via email at no cost. For an extra charge, paper offprints can be ordered via the offprint order
form which is sent when the article is forwarded to the typesetters. The PDF file is a watermarked version of the published article and
includes a cover sheet with the journal cover image and a disclaimer outlining the terms and conditions of use.
Permissions
and Reprints
Requests to reproduce papers or reprint them in any form are not handled by the World Development Editorial
Office but by ScienceDirect. Please search for the article using ScienceDirect (
www.sciencedirect.com), then double-click
on the highlighted article link. Once the article has been opened, click on 'Permissions & Reprints' which appears above the title.
This will take you to the Rightslink service. For questions about using the Rightslink service, please contact Customer Support via
telephone at 1-877-622-5543 (toll free) or 1-978-646-2777. Their email address is
customercare@copyright.com.
Copyrights
It is the responsibility of the author to obtain written permission for republication of previously
published material (including Figures and Tables) from the author and publisher of the source publication.
Comments
on Published Articles
Anyone wishing to submit a Comment on an article is asked to start by sending a copy to the author(s),
inviting them to send the commentator their observations and, in particular, to explain any points on which the commentator differs with
the author(s). Disagreements can often be cleared up through private correspondence. The commentator should allow the author(s) a reasonable
amount of time to reply. If, after corresponding with the original author(s), commentators still feel they have a publishable Comment,
they are welcome to submit a copy (clearly identifying it as a Comment) along with any reply received from the author(s). Comments on
published papers are sent for peer review just like regular papers. If, after the reviewing process, the Editor-in-Chief accepts the
Comment for publication, we will forward a copy to the author(s) of the original manuscript and give them an opportunity to draft a short
Reply. We then schedule the Comment and the Reply for the same issue.
For
inquiries relating to the submission of articles (including electronic submission) please visit this journal's homepage. Contact details
for questions arising after acceptance of an article, especially those relating to proofs, will be provided by the publisher. You can
track accepted articles at
http://www.elsevier.com/trackarticle. You can also check our Author FAQs (
http://www.elsevier.com/authorFAQ)
and/or contact Customer Support via
http://support.elsevier.com.
