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Edited By Dr. Semida Silveira, Swedish Energy Agency, Eskilstuna, Sweden
Description Modern bioenergy has gained increased attention in the past decade. Not only does it provide an effective option for the provision of
energy services from the technical point of view, but it is based on resources that can be utilized on a sustainable basis all around
the globe. In addition, the benefits accrued go beyond energy provision, creating unique opportunities for regional development. Today,
biomass is seen as one of the most promising renewable sources of modern energy services in the medium term. Know-how and experiences
from different countries pave the way to further development of bioenergy systems.
Bioenergy: Realising the Potential integrates
the key technical, policy and economic issues surrounding bioenergy projects in industrialised and developing countries, with a critical
focus on four major topics:
– The biomass resource availability and potential – The institutions and markets development – Technical
and economic enhancements – Successful examples from Europe and developing countries
Audience
Scientists, students, researchers in the energy field. Anyone with an interest in renewable energy resources.
Contents
PART I Exploring the Bioenergy Potential
Chapter 1: How to realise the bioenergy prospects?
1.1 What is the news?
1.2 This book
1.3 Bioenergy as part of the renewable basket
1.4 The turning point
1.5 Taking the leap towards bioenergy
References
Chapter 2: Biomass in Europe
2.1 Is biomass important to Europe?
2.2 Biomass resources and conversion
technologies
2.3 The role of biomass in climate change mitigation
2.4 The EU energy and agriculture policies
2.5 Examples of country
policies within the EU
2.6 Concluding remarks
References
Chapter 3: New challenges for bioenergy in Sweden
3.1 Bioenergy in transition
3.2 Biomass utilization in Sweden
3.3 Important drives affecting bioenergy utilization
3.4 Four major tasks
in the development of bioenergy in Sweden
3.5 Concluding remarks
References
Chapter 4: Dissemination of biomass district
heating systems in Austria: lessons learned
4.1 District heating in Austria
4.2 The diffusion of BMDH in Austrian villages
4.3 Technology performance and qualification of professionals
4.4 The socio-economic conditions of villages
4.5 Economic aspects of plants
4.6 The socio-cultural context
4.7 The role of policies in supporting technology introduction
4.8 Conclusions
References
PART
II Managing Resources and Enhancing Biomass Production
Chapter 5: Managing fuelwood supply in the Himalayan
Mountain Forests
5.1 The importance of the forest sector in mountain areas
5.2 Energy services in the Hindu Kush Himalayan
region
5.3 Fuel from mountain forest
5.4 Major issues pertaining to fuelwood
5.4 Future directions for wood energy development in the
HKH region
References
Chapter 6: Modernizing cane production to enhance the biomass base in Brazil
6.1 Biomass
availability can be enhanced in Brazil
6.2 The sugarcane industry as energy producer
6.3 Research and technology development in sugarcane
agriculture
6.4 From cane burning to mechanical harvesting
6.5 Towards mechanized green cane harvesting in Brazil
6.6 Trash and bagasse – same source but different features
6.7 Using trash and bagasse for energy purposes in different industries
6.8 Realising the biomass
potential in the sugar-ethanol segment
References
Chapter 7: Integrating forestry and energy activities in Lithuania using
Swedish know-how
7.1 Bi-lateral co-operation for know-how and technology transfer
7.2 Forest management in Lithuania
7.3
Fuelwood utilization in Lithuania
7.4 Demonstration projects in Rokiskis forests
7.5 New technologies and management practices for higher
productivity and reduced costs
7.6 Continuing efforts in the Baltic Sea Region
References
PART III Promoting Bioenergy
Utilization
Chapter 8: Potential for small-scale bio-fuelled district heating and CHPs in Sweden
8.1 Aiming at sustainable energy systems
8.2 A method to estimate the heat demand
8.3 Potential for small-scale district heating and
CHP in a small region
8.4 Potential for small-scale district heating in the counties of Kalmar, Orebro and Vasternorrland
8.5 The potential
for small-scale district heating and CHP in Sweden
8.6 The benefits
References
Chapter 9: Co-firing biomass and natural
gas – boosting power production from sugarcane residues
9.1 Why co-firing?
9.2 The rationale
9.3 Cases and hypotheses for
simulation
9.4 Simulation and feasibility results
9.5 Comparison of alternatives
9.7 Final remarks
References
Chapter 10:
Techno-economic feasibility of biomass-based electricity generation in Sri Lanka
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Land availability
10.3 Energy plantations in Sri Lanka
10.4 Technology options
10.5 Economic analysis
10.6 Conclusions
References
Chapter
11: Classification of solid biofuels as a tool for market development
11.1 The need for a solid biofuel standardisation
11.2 What should be standardised?
11.3 Building a solid biofuel standardisation practice in Europe
11.4 Quality assurance – example of
straw quality improvement
11.5 Final remarks
References
PART IV Exploring Opportunities through the Clean Development
Mechanism
Chapter 12: The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)
12.1 The challenge of mitigating
climate change
12.2 The concept of CDM
12.3 The CDM project cycle and institutional framework
12.4 Who will participate in CDM projects
and why?
12.5 CDM and bioenergy options
References
Chapter 13: Carbon certificates as a financial tool for projects in
developing countries
13.1 Introduction
13.2 The behaviour of a developing country economy
13.3 How financial institutions
analyse risks
13.4 Carbon-certificates as a risk-mitigating tool – the Plantar deal
14.5 Final remarks
References
Chapter
14: Cultivated biomass for the pig iron industry in Brazil
14.1 The Plantar project
14.2 Overview of the pig iron and steel
sectors in Brazil
14.3 Baselines
14.4 Project boundaries and leakage
14.5 Environmental issues
14.6 Socio-economic issues
References
Chapter 15: Carbon credits from co-generation with bagasse
15.1 The context of the Santa Elisa bagasse co-generation
project
15.2 Emerging carbon markets
15.3 Co-generating with bagasse – the project milestones
15.4 Additionality
15.5 Project baselines
15.6 Quantifying baseline carbon intensity
15.7 Carbon accounting evaluation methods
15.8 Lifetime of the project
References
Chapter
16: Wood waste co-generation in Kumasi, Ghana
16.1 The increasing energy demand in Ghana
16.2 Availability of wood wastes
in Ghana
16.3 Feasibility of a cogeneration project in Kumasi
16.4 Boundary and baseline of the CDM project
16.5 Certified Emission Reductions
(CERs)
16.6 Outstanding issues
References
PART V Meeting the challenges and making a difference
Chapter 17: Bioenergy – realizing the potential now!
17.1 Beyond the barriers to bioenergy utilization
17.2 Finding
common ground to understand and deal with trade-offs
17.3 Combining policies, technology and management to develop innovative markets
17.4 Global solutions need local solutions – implementing strategies for sustainable development at project level
17.5 Mobilizing forces
towards sustainable energy systems
References
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