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ATHEROSCLEROSIS XI
Atherosclerosis XIProceedings of the XIth International Symposium on Atherosclerosis, Paris, 5 - 9 October 1997

Edited by
B. Jacotot, Service de Médecine V, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
D. Mathé, Institut de Protection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, Fontenay aux Roses Cedex, France
J.-C. Fruchart, Département d'Athérosclérose, INSERM, Institut Pasteur, Lille Cedex, France

Included in series
International Congress, 1155

Description
International Congress Series 1155

These Proceedings will allow the wide dissemination of the present situation in the research on athero-thrombosis. The volume contains review presentations and new advances on all fields related to cardiovascular diseases: lipoprotein metabolism, genetic, epidemiology, vascular biology, thrombosis, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, nutrition, pharmacology, clinical trials, therapy and risk factors.

Audience
Research Scientist and Physicians in the following fields: Cardiology, Epidemiology, Internal Medicine, Nutrition, Obesity, Diabetes, Vascular Biology, Genetics, Haemostasis and Hypertension.

Contents


Preface. Plenary Lectures.


Genetics.
The apoE-deficient mouse model of atherosclerosis (J.L. Breslow). Increasing the throughput of mouse studies to search DNA sequence for function (E.M. Rubin, D.J. Smith). Use of transgenic animal models to study enzymes involved in lipoprotein metabolism and atherosclerosis (S.Santamarina-Fojo, J.M. Hoeg, H.B. Brewer, Jr.). Genetic dissection of high-density lipoprotein metabolism and reverse cholesterol transport (G. Assmann et al.). Leptin, leptin receptors and the regulation of body weight (J.M. Friedman). PPAR activators improve glucose homeostasis by changing fatty acid partitioning (G. Martin et al.).

Epidemiology, nutrition, pharmacology .
The WHO MONICA project: changes in coronary risk in the 1980s (A. Evans et al.). Recent progress in the epidemiology of haemostatic factors (G.D.O. Lowe). The pleiotropic effects of drugs affecting lipid metabolism (J. Davignon).

Arterial wall atherogenesis .
Interaction of oxidized LDL with arterial proteoglycans (A. Chait et al.). The increasing significance of the unstable atheroma (R.T. Lee, P. Libby). Probing the etiology of elevated plasma levels of Lp(a) in African-Americans (V. Mooser, J. Cohen, H.H. Hobbs). Advanced glycoxidation: a vascular enemy with many faces (H. Vlassara).

Lipoprotein metabolism.
Receptor-dependent interaction of native and modified lipoproteins with liver: a concerted action of various cell types (T.J.C. van Berkel et al.). Expanding roles for apolipoprotein E in health and disease (R.W. Mahley). Antiatherogenic effects of high-density lipoproteins: mechanisms (P.J. Barter et al.). Cholesteryl ester transfer protein deficiency: virtue or vice? (Y. Matsuzawa et al.). Postprandial lipaemia and coronary heart disease (A. Hamsten et al.). History of International Atherosclerosis Society a personal journey (M.D. Haust).

Educational Lectures.
Naked cDNA encoding secreted proteins for intra-arterial and intramuscular gene transfer (T. Asahara et al.). Fish oils, lipids and coronary artery disease (P.J. Nestel). New insights into the mechanisms of atherosclerosis (R. Ross). A preventive and therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis (W.W. Parmley). Primary prevention program in North Karelia: predicting mortality from changes in CHD risk factors (M.J. Tikkanen, E. Vartiainen).

State-of-the-Art Symposia.
The concept of the vulnerable plaque in coronary heart disease (M.J. Davies). The Long-Term Intervention with Pravastatin in Ischaemic Disease (LIPID) Study (A.M. Tonkin, P.P. Glaziou on behalf of the LIPID Study Group). New insights in diabetes and coronary artery disease (R.W. Nesto). Molecular mechanisms of action in fenofibrate (B. Staels, J. Auwerx, J.-C. Fruchart). Insulin resistance, compensatory hyperinsulinemia and dyslipidemia in syndrome X (G.M. Reaven). The Diabetes Atherosclerosis Intervention Study (DAIS) (The DAIS Project Group, prepared by G. Steiner). Results of the Lipoprotein and Coronary Atherosclerosis Study (LCAS) (C.M. Ballantyne et al.). Statins and coronary artery disease; it's the clinical endpoints that count (G. Jackson). Optimal reduction in cardiovascular risk: who should we treat with HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors? (J.J.P. Kastelein).

Workshops.


Extracellular matrix of the vessel and cell matrix interactions during atherogenesis.
Collagens and atherosclerosis: cell-collagen interaction (M.J. Barnes, C.G. Knight, R.W. Farndale). Proteoglycan lipoprotein interactions (M. Bihari-Varga). The elastin-laminin receptor in atherogenesis (M.P. Jacob). Elastase and elastase inhibitors and pulmonary and coronary artery disease (M. Rabinovitch). Physicochemical interaction between plasma lipoproteins and the endothelial cell membrane and vascular matrix proteoglycans (G. Siegel et al.).

Restenosis and remodeling.
Remodeling rather than neointima formation explains restenosis: insights from experimental studies in pigs (H.R. Andersen). Platelets and arterial remodeling (L. Badimon, J.J. Badimon). Arterial smooth muscle cell phenotypic modulation after angioplasty (.H. Louis). Role of specific smooth muscle cell populations in atherosclerosis and restenosis (P. Pauletto et al.). Proliferation and death in monoclonal atherosclerotic lesions (S.M. Schwartz et al.).

Development and progression of the atherosclerotic lesion.
Evolution, progression and reversal of human atherosclerotic lesions (B.G. Brown et al.). Pathobiology of directional atherectomy specimens from de novo and restenotic coronary lesions (J. Escaned, P.W. Serruys). Role of thrombosis and hematoma in atherosclerosis progression (H.B. Ravn, S.D. Kristensen, E. Falk). Natural history of atherosclerosis: the sequence of changes in lesion composition (H.C. Stary).

Epidemiology: new risk factors.
Alcohol consumption and coronary heart disease: some recent epidemiological data (P. Ducimetiere). New risk factors in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (A.R. Folsom, for the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (ARIC) Investigators). von Willebrand factor, endothelial cell markers and arterial thrombosis (A. Blann). Homocysteine as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (I.M. Graham, R. Meleady). Advances in cardiovascular risk prediction: new biochemical and genetic markers (J.M. Ordovas).

Molecular genetics of atherosclerosis.
Structure and function of alleles in the 3' end region of human apoB gene (B.S. Chen et al.). A transracial analysis of common genetic variants that relate to coronary artery disease (Q. Zhang et al.). Lessons from molecular defects in secretion, transport and reverse transport of cholesterol (H. Mabuchi et al.). Genetic architecture of the quantitative lipoprotein(a) trait (G. Utermann, H.G. Kraft).

Lipoprotein oxidation and atherosclerosis.
Endothelial activation in atherogenesis roles of oxidized LDL and lysophosphatidylcholine (N. Kume, T. Kita). A role for macrophage scavenger receptors in atherosclerosis (K. Inoue et al.). Lipoprotein oxidation in human atherosclerosis (R. Stocker et al.). Macrophages, LDL oxidation and atherosclerosis (M. Aviram). Elevated homocyst(e)ine increases the ability of human aortic cells to oxidize LDL (M. Naruszewicz). Effect of -tocopherol on scavenger receptor activity, mRNA expression and regulation in macrophages (D. Teupser et al.).

Nutrition and CHD.
Dietary composition and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) modifications (R. Carmena et al.). Nutrient composition and the metabolic syndrome (S.M. Grundy). The effects of the Mediterranean diet on glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity (M. Mancini). Clinical efficacy of soy proteins and evaluation of the potential mechanisms of their cholesterol-lowering effect (C.R. Sirtori et al.). The epidemiology of vitamin E and coronary heart disease (M.J. Stampfer, E.B. Rimm).

Lp(a) and athero-thrombosis.
Lipoprotein(a) and the endothelium: a feedback loop in atherosclerosis (D.J. Grainger et al.). The human very low density lipoprotein receptor mediates the uptake and degradation of lipoprotein(a) (K. McTigue Argraves et al.). Assembly and catabolism of lipoprotein(a) (W. Xingde et al.). Function and evolution of Lp(a) (R.M. Lawn). Comparative effects of Desogen(R) and Lo/Ovral(TM) contraceptive hormones on lipoprotein(a) (J.D. Morrisett et al.).

Triglycerides are an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease a debate.
The epidemiologic case for triglyceride as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (M.A. Austin, J.E. Hokanson). The clinical case for triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (G.R. Thompson). The relationship of triglycerides and LDL cholesterol to coronary heart disease (O. Faergeman).

Growth factors, cytokines and vasoactive peptides.
Regulation of apoptosis in vascular smooth muscle cells (M.R. Bennett). Potential roles of extracellular nucleotides in atherosclerosis and restenosis (A.-P. Gadeau). PDGF and arterial smooth muscle hyperplasia. Possible modulation by thrombin (G. Fager). Retinoids and arterial smooth muscle cells (P. Neuville, G. Gabbiani).

Epidemiology: geographical variations of cardiovascular incidence and risk factors.
Geographical variation of cardiovascular incidence and risk factors: a comparison of the data of an Asian (Singapore) and a European (PROCAM) Study (Q.W. Yong, S. Tavintharan, L.S. Chew). Association of westernized lifestyle and coronary risk factors in the Japanese (G. Egusa, M. Yamakido). Geographic variation and time trends in stroke occurrence (C. Sarti, J. Tuomilehto). Secular trends in cardiovascular risk factor levels: a Framingham perspective (P.W.F. Wilson, R.B. D'Agostino, W.B. Kannel).

Gene therapy of atherosclerosis and restenosis.
Novel approach to somatic gene therapy for dyslipidemia (L. Chan, K. Kobayashi, K. Oka). Gene therapy of vascular disorders. Use of gax gene transfer as a molecular strategy to prevent postangioplasty restenosis (A. Le Roux et al.). CKIs and regulation of cell cycle in vascular cells (F.C. Tanner et al.). Adventitial gene transfer to rabbit carotid arteries (M. Laitinen, S. Yla-Herttuala).

Molecular genetics of monogenic disorders of lipoprotein metabolism.
Redefining familial lipoprotein lipase deficiency in the era of molecular medicine (P. Benlian). Molecular genetics of familial hypercholesterolemia in Italy. Outcomes and future prospects (S. Calandra, S. Bertolini). Familial hypercholesterolemia: molecular genetics and clinical expression (J.C. Defesche, M.E. Wittekoek, J.J.P. Kastelein). Familial HDL deficiency syndromes (H. Funke). Expression of gamma-IFN responsive genes in monocytes is associated with xanthomatosis (T. Grewal et al.). FDB: diagnosis, laboratory and clinical findings, possibilities of treatment. Experience from homozygous and heterozygous patients (R. Ceska et al.).

Coagulation and fibrinolysis.
Thrombin interaction with vascular and nonvascular cells (M.-C. Guillin et al.). Impaired fibrinolysis and the risk of coronary heart disease (I. Juhan-Vague, M.C. Alessi). Does tissue factor participate in angiogenesis? (A. Bierhaus et al).

Triglyceride-rich lipoprotein.
Different approaches to the detection and quantification of triglyceride-rich lipoprotein remnants (J.S. Cohn, J. Davignon). Mechanism of the production of small dense LDL (sLDL) in hypertriglyceridemia (Y. Ikeda et al.). Regulation of VLDL production in man: implications for coronary heart disease (CHD) (C.J. Packard, J. Shepherd). Effect of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins on cholesterol transport and atherosclerosis (J.R. Patsch). Genetics of elevated apolipoprotein-B and dense LDL in familial combined hyperlipidemia (S.J.H. Bredie et al.).

Hormonal replacement therapy of menopause and atherosclerosis.
Estrogen replacement therapy and atherosclerosis (E. Barrett-Connor). Effects of estrogen on the endothelium in postmenopausal women: implications for atherosclerosis (R.O. Cannon III). The influence of hormone replacement therapy usage following successful coronary balloon angioplasty (G. Lloyd et al.). The effect of hormone replacement therapy and route of administration on selected cardiovascular risk factors in postmenopausal women (M. Seed et al.). Hormonal agents used in lowering lipoprotein(a) (R. Baetta et al.).

HDL reverse cholesterol transport.
Structural and functional consequences of nonenzymatic glycation of apolipoprotein A-I and its impact on the reverse cholesterol transport (C. Calvo). Caveolin-dependent free cholesterol efflux (C.J. Fielding, P.E. Fielding, A. Bist). Is plasma HDL concentration rate-limiting for reverse cholesterol transport? (N.E. Miller). High-density lipoproteins and cellular cholesterol efflux (M.C. Phillips et al.). Genetic determinants of HDL and their relationships to atherosclerosis (A.R. Tall et al.).

Lipoprotein cell interactions.
Cellular catabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (J. Heeren, U. Beisiegel). The effect of leukaemia inhibitory factor on experimental atherosclerosis (J.H. Campbell, C.S. Moran, G.R. Campbell). Lipoprotein association with cells and matrix: modulation by lipase and proteoglycans (I.J. Goldberg et al.). Arterial-wall sphingomyelinase and atherogenesis (I. Tabas et al.). Lipid oxidation products as regulators of macrophage function in atherosclerosis (O. Wiklund et al.).

Health economy and hypolipidemic drugs.
Rationale and effectiveness of lipid therapy (E. Windler, B.-C. Zyriax, H. Greten). The economic implications of lipid-lowering therapy: vice or virtue (T.D. Szucs). The cost-effectiveness of simvastatin treatment to lower cholesterol in patients with coronary heart disease (F. Ørnskov). Cost-effectiveness of primary prevention of myocardial infarction using statins in Germany (K.W. Lauterbach, M. Danner).

Cellular and haemodynamic regulation of endothelial function.
Hemodynamic forces and vascular cell communication (P.F. Davies, N. DePaola, D. Polacek). Vascular endothelium, hemodynamic forces and atherogenesis (M.A. Gimbrone Jr., J.N. Topper). Endothelial VCAM-1 gene regulation by steady and oscillatory shear stress (S.E. Varner et al.). Interaction between red blood cells and endothelium (J.-L. Wautier, M.-P. Wautier). Suppression of gap junctional intercellular communication in HUVEC by neutrophil adhesion (S. Murota, M. Nishida, I. Morita).

Immune and infectious factors in atherogenesis.
Cytomegalovirus and vasculopathy an overview (C.A. Bruggeman). Autoimmunity in atherosclerosis (G.K. Hansson et al.). Potential roles of mast cells in atherosclerosis: from fatty streaks to plaque rupture (P.T. Kovanen). Autoimmunity to heat shock proteins in atherosclerosis (G. Wick, Q. Xu).

New development in animal models for atherosclerosis.
Effect of multiple gene transfer in mouse models (S. Seguret-Mace et al.). Overexpression of human apoC1 in transgenic mice inhibits binding of VLDL to LRP and the VLDL receptor (M.C. Jong et al.). Analysis of chylomicron remnant metabolism by tissue-specific gene inactivation (A. Rohlmann et al.). Transgenic dissection of atherogenic profiles of plasma lipoproteins and arterial wall metabolism (S. Ishibashi et al.). Strategies for altering the mouse genome and their application in the study of atherogenesis (M.E. Hinsdale et al.).

Genetic epidemiology of CHD and its risk factors.
Genetic susceptibility factors for restenosis after coronary angioplasty (P. Amouyel, C. Bauters). Genetics, lipoproteins disorders and premature coronary artery disease (J. Genest Jr, M. Marcil). Predisposing genes, high-risk environments and coronary artery disease: LPL and MMP-3 as examples (S.E. Humphries et al.). A quantitative genetic analysis of the angiotensin-1 converting enzyme (ACE) gene (B. Keavney et al.).

Insulin resistance and lipoprotein metabolism.
Abnormal reverse cholesterol transport in type II diabetes mellitus (F.D. Brites et al.). The insulin-resistant dyslipidemic syndrome of visceral obesity: an atherogenic cluster (J.-P. Despres). Insulin resistance, atherosclerosis and CHD (S.M. Haffner). Lipoprotein abnormalities and insulin resistance (R.W. James). Is insulin regulation of VLDL production defective in insulin resistance? (M.-R. Taskinen et al.).

Platelets.
Proteolytically activated receptors in the regulation of hemostasis (W.F. Bahou). Integrin signalling kinases and their influence on the formation of lipid intermediates during platelet responses (K. Missy et al.). The respective roles of GPIb and GPIIb-IIIa in blood platelet adhesion (J.J. Sixma, P.G. de Groot). Molecular requirements for ligand recognition by 3 integrins (T.J. Kunicki).

Molecular insights into HDL and its properties.
Structure-function relationships in apolipoprotein A-I: insights from the A-IMilano mutation (G. Franceschini et al.). Tryptophan residues stabilize the N-terminal domain of apolipoprotein A-I and promote its anchoring to lipid surfaces (W.S. Davidson, K. Arnvig McGuire, A. Jonas). Interaction of the cholesteryl ester transfer protein with high-density lipoproteins from human and mouse plasmas (D. Masson et al.). Definition of apolipoprotein A-I domains involved in reverse cholestero transport (Y.L. Marcel, P.G. Frank). Contribution of apo AII and LCAT oblique peptides to HDL metabolism (B. Vanloo et al.).

Noninvasive assessment of atherosclerosis.
Common carotid artery intimal-medial thickness and risk of coronary heart disease (J.R. Crouse III). Magnetic resonance imaging and angiography of atherosclerosis (R.R. Edelman). Coronary calcification as a marker of arterial disease (A. Simon et al.). Vascular endpoints for quantitating atherosclerosis for human gene therapy clinical trials (J.M. Hoeg et al.).

The clinical evaluation, development and regulation of new drugs, agents, substances affecting atherosclerosis cardiovascular diseases by lipoprotein related mechanisms .
What guidelines are necessary to demonstrate efficacy and safety in "special" groups: women as a paradigm (J.C. LaRosa).

Index of authors. Keyword index.


Bibliographic & ordering Information
Hardbound, 1228 pages, publication date: MAY-1998
ISBN-13: 978-0-444-82651-0
ISBN-10: 0-444-82651-3
Imprint: EXCERPTA MEDICA
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