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| GEOCHEMISTRY OF SEDIMENTARY CARBONATES
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By
J.W. Morse, Department of Oceanography, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
F.T. Mackenzie, Department of Oceanography, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, USA
Included in series
Developments in Sedimentology, 48
Description
This book covers the more basic aspects of carbonate minerals and their interaction with aqueous solutions; modern marine carbonate formation
and sediments; carbonate diagenesis (early marine, meteoric and burial); the global cycle of carbon and human intervention; and the role
of sedimentary carbonates as indicators of stability and changes in the Earth's surface environment. The selected subjects are presented
with sufficient background information to enable the non-specialist to understand the basic chemistry involved. Tested on classes taught
by the authors, and approved by the students, this comprehensive volume will prove itself to be a valuable reference source to students,
researchers and professionals in the fields of oceanography, geochemistry, petrology, environmental science and petroleum geology.
Contents
A selection of contents: Preface.
1. The CO2-Carbonic Acid System and Solution Chemistry.
Basic concepts.
Activity coefficients in solutions. Influences of temperature and pressure. The carbonic acid system in seawater. Calculation of the
saturation state of seawater with respect to carbonate minerals. Concluding remarks.
2. Interactions Between Carbonate Minerals
and Solutions.
Sedimentary carbonate minerals. Solubility behavior of carbonates. Surface chemistry of carbonates. Carbonate
dissolution and precipitation kinetics. Concluding remarks.
3. Coprecipitation Reactions and Solid Solutions of Carbonate Minerals.
General concepts. Coprecipitation of ``Foreign'' ions in carbonate minerals. Magnesian calcite. Stable isotope chemistry. Concluding
remarks.
4. The Oceanic Carbonate System and Calcium Carbonate Accumulation in Deep Sea Sediments.
An overview of major
processes. The CO2 system in oceanic waters. Sources and sedimentation of deep sea carbonates. The distribution of CaCO3
in deep sea sediments and carbonate lithofacies. Factors controlling the accumulation of calcium carbonate in deep sea sediments. Variability
of calcium carbonate deposition in deep sea sediments with time. Concluding remarks.
5. Composition and Source of Shoal-Water
Carbonate Sediments.
Introduction. Shoal-water carbonates in space and time. Carbonate grains and skeletal parts. Biomineralization.
Precipitation of carbonates from seawater. Concluding remarks.
6. Early Marine Diagenesis of Shoal-Water Carbonate Sediments.
Introduction. Some prelimanary thermodynamic and kinetic considerations. Very early diagenesis. Concluding remarks.
7.
Early Non-Marine Diagenesis of Sedimentary Carbonates.
Introduction. Plate-tectonic controls on diagenesis. General considerations
for early non-marine diagenesis. Major phase transformations. Mass Transfer during diagenesis. Lithification in the meteoric environment.
Bermuda: A case study of a meteoric diagenentic environment. A brief synthesis of meteoric diagenesis. Concluding remarks.
8.
Carbonates as Sedimentary Rocks in Subsurface Processes.
Introduction. P,T and X and carbonate mineral stability. Subsurface
water chemistry. Continous processes. Examples of ``Models'' for long-term diagenesis.
9. Current Carbon Cycle and Human Impact.
Introduction. Modern biogeochemical cycle of carbon. Human impact on carbon fluxes. The oceanic system. Concluding remarks.
10. Sedimentary Carbonates in the Evolution of Earth's Surface Environment.
Introduction. Sedimentary rock mass-age
distributions. Secular trends in sedimentary rock properties. Carbon cycling modeling. Synopsis of the origin and evolution of the hydrosphere-atmosphere-sedimentary
lithosphere. Concluding remarks. Epilogue. Introduction. The road traveled. The state of the art. Ever onward. Reference. Index.
| Bibliographic details |
Paperback, 0 pages, publication date: AUG-1990
ISBN-13: 978-0-444-88781-8
ISBN-10: 0-444-88781-4
Imprint: ELSEVIER
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Last update: 4 Sep 2009
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