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Edited By P.C. Young, Professor of Environmental Systems and Director, Centre for Research on Environmental Systems and Statistics, Institute of Environmental & Biological Sciences, University of Lancaster, UK
Description The Concise Encyclopedia of Environmental Systems provides a concise overview of the current state of the art in the study of
environmental systems. Contains specially commissioned articles and updated and revised articles from the acclaimed Systems &
Control Encyclopedia. The subjects covered include: agricultural systems; atmospheric processes and air quality; ecosystems; environmental
chemistry; geology, soil processes and geophysics; hydrology, fluid dynamics and water quality; marine processes; meteorology; and climatology.
In addition, many of the articles cover the methodological procedures used in environmental systems analysis, with contributions on automatic
control and management; computers in modelling and management; environmental planning; environmetric methods, including time-series analysis;
mathematical modelling, including data-based, physically based and simulation modelling; remote sensing and image processing; uncertainty
in environmental systems; and sensitivity analysis. The encyclopedia is extensively cross-referenced on two levels - to articles of direct
relevance as well as to other articles which will provide the reader with more general background information.
Audience
For those working on environmental systems, or undergraduates and postgraduates studying environmental science (including ecology), engineering, or mathematics.
Contents Abiotic control mechanisms in terrestrial and freshwater environments. Aerosol chemical analysis. Aerosol particle size. Agricultural
modelling. Agricultural soils: fate of toxic substances. Agricultural spraying systems. Air conditioning control systems. Air pollutants:
automatic and continuous analysis. Air pollutants: deposition. Air pollution: monitoring systems. Air pollution: spline interpolation
in pattern analysis. Air pollution: uncertainty of model predictions. Air quality modelling. Algal growth modelling. Automatic and adaptive
control design. Bilinear equations in ecology. Biochemical oxygen demand. Bond graphs. Carbon cycle modelling. Catastrophe theory. Catastrophe
theory in ecosystem analysis. Chaos theory. Chaotic dynamics. Chemical oxygen demand. Chemical stress in agriculture. Climatic data.
Climatic variation. Component (structural) models of time series. Computer simulation. Computer technology in the water industry. Cost-benefit
and cost-effectiveness analysis. Data analysis: an overview. Data analysis: physical modelling approach. Data-based mechanistic models.
Data-based time-series models. Data compression. Dispersion in rivers and estuaries. Dispersion in the environment. Dispersion of toxic
substances in freshwater systems. Dissolved oxygen. Earth-atmosphere system: identification of optical parameters. Ecological disturbance
theory. Ecological modelling. Ecological modelling: aggregation errors. Ecological modelling, hierarchical. Ecological modelling: new
perspectives. Ecological modelling, stochastic. Ecosystem compartmental modelling. Ecosystem networks: measures of structure. Energy
resources, renewable. Energy systems in ecology. Environmental modelling and the scientific method. Environmental modelling, physically
based. Environmental modelling with advanced computers. Eutrophication modelling in freshwater systems. Extrapolation, interpolation
and smoothing of nonstationary time series. Finite-difference method. Finite-element method. Flood forecasting: data assimilation techniques.
Flood warning, adaptive. Forecasting for agricultural management. Fractals. Fuzzy set theory in ecology. Gas chromatography. Gas chromatography-mass
spectrometry. Geographical information systems. Glasshouse crops: control of environment. Glasshouse systems: automatic control. Greenhouse
effect and global climate change. Hydrochemical models of acidification in catchments. Hydrological forecasting. Hydrological forecasting,
real-time. INFOTERRA database. Infrared spectrometry. Interactive modelling and computer graphics. Intervention analysis. Ion-selective
electrodes. Lake ecosystem modelling. Lake ecosystem modelling: uncertainty. Lake response time: one- and two-box models. Lakes: measurements
of chemical processes. Lakes: measurements of physical processes. Land surface processes in climate models. Landsat imaging: removal
of atmospheric effects. Laser spectroscopy in atmospheric analysis. Leslie population equations. Linear and nonlinear systems. Liquid
chromatography. Logistic delay population model. Lotka-Volterra population equations. Mass spectrometry. Meteorological measurement techniques.
Michaelis-Menten models. Mixing and reaction characteristics in freshwater ecosystems. Model order estimation. Multiobjective environmental
planning. Multiobjective optimization: Pareto optimality. Multivariable stochastic models. Neural networks. Nitrification modelling in
lotic systems. Nitrogen cycle modelling: nominal and perturbed dynamics in watersheds. Noise measurement. Odorous compounds in air. Order
identification in time-series models. Organic chemicals in soil systems: behavior. Parameter estimation, time-variable. Photochemical
smog formation. Physically based mechanistic models. Plume rise and dispersion. Pollutant dispersion in rivers: systems models. Population
modelling. Populations: optimal impulsive control. Radioecological modelling. Radioecological modelling in agricultural food chains.
Rainfall flow processes: systems models. Rainfall runoff modelling. Recursive estimation. Regional frequency studies using L-moments.
Regional sensitivity analysis in environmental systems. Regression analysis, singular value decomposition and principal components. Remote
sensing: an overview. Remote sensing and image processing methods in geology. Remote sensing: classification of multispectral images.
Rheological measurements of geological materials. Risk analysis. River basins: effects of forestation. River basins: management of water
quality. River basins: microcomputer modelling. Rivers and estuaries: finite-difference modelling. Scale invariance and multifractals
in the atmosphere. Seasonal adjustment. Sensitivity analysis and simulation experimentation. Sensitivity analysis in ecological system
models. Sensitivity techniques in input-output flow analysis. Simulation modelling: partial differential equations. Snow model systems:
effects of climatic and enviromental change. Soils: solute transport. Spectral analysis, time-variable. Stability of complex ecosystems.
Systems analysis for policy making. Systems analysis for policy making: a support system. Systems estimation in forestry and tree biology.
Systems estimation in plant physiology. Temperature measurement: general aspects. Thermal environment. Thermal stratification in water
bodies. Tides: mechanistic modelling. Tides: time-series modelling. Time-series analysis in the frequency domain. Time-series analysis
in the time domain. Top-down modelling in ecology. Total organic carbon. Total oxygen demand. Toxic chemicals assessment: simulation
modelling. Toxic substances: ecological effects. Toxic substances modelling: fugacity concepts. Trace gases and future climate. Transfer
function models. Transport processes in heterogeneous materials: theory and measurement. Trophic state criteria. Trophic structures modelling.
Uncertainty assessment by set-theoretic parameter estimation. Uncertainty, identifiability and predictability in environmental models.
Validation of identified models. Validation of phytoplankton models. Validation of simulation models: general approach. Validation of
simulation models: philosophy and statistical methods of confirmation. Validation of simulation models: Statistical approach. Volterra
population equations. Wastewater treatment processes: modelling and control. Water bodies time scale estimation: mass concepts. Water
pollution: chemical analysis. Water pollution: inorganic nitrogen compounds. Water pollution: organic nitrogen compounds. Water pollution:
phosphorous. Water quality modelling: case study. Water quality modelling in lakes and reservoirs. Water quality: multivariable time-series
models. Water quality: remote sensing. Water resources: systems engineering. Weather radar calibration: systems approach. Weather radar
for rainfall measurement and forecasting. Wind velocity determination using optical lasers.
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