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| ENZYMES IN SYNTHETIC ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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By
. Wong
. Whitesides
Included in series
Tetrahedron Organic Chemistry,
Audience
For graduate students and other professionals involved with organic synthesis, medicinal chemistry, biochemistry, bio-organic chemistry, biotechnology and other applied biological sciences.
Contents
Preface. Acknowledgements.
General Aspects.
Rate acceleration in enzyme-catalyzed reactions. Michaelis-Menten kinetics.
Enzyme inhibition. Specificity. Improvement or alteration of enzyme specifity. Enzyme stabilization and reactor configuration. Cofactor
regeneration. Enzyme catalysis in organic solvents. Multienzyme systems and metabolic engineering. Rational design of new enzymatic catalysts.
Conclusion. References.
Use of Hydrolytic Enzymes: Amidases, Proteases, Esterases, Lipases, Nitrilases, Phosphatases, Epoxide
Hydrolases.
Amidases. Protease-catalyzed peptide synthesis. Proteases that act as esterases. Acetylcholine esterase. Pig liver
esterase. Phospholipases. Cholesterol esterase. Lipases. Nitrile hydrolysis enzymes. Epoxide hydrolase. Phosphatase. References.
Oxidoreductions.
Nicotinamide cofactor dependent oxidoreductions. Dehydrogenases which utilize ketoacids as substrates. Other NAD(P)-dependent dehydrogenases.
Oxidoreductases that are metalloenzymes. References.
C-C Bond Formation.
Aldol condensation. Ketol and aldol transfer
reaction. Addition of HCN to aldehydes. Acyloin condensation. C-C bond forming reactions involving acetyl coA. Isoprenoid and steroid
synthesis. β-replacement of chloroalanine. C-C bond formation catalyzed by vitamin B12. References.
Synthesis
of Glycoside Bonds.
Background. Glycosyltransferases of the Leloir pathway. Substrate specificity and synthetic applications
of glycosyltransferases. Non-Leloir glycosyltransferases. Glycosidases. Transglycosidases. Synthesis of N-glycosides. Biological
applications of synthetic glycoconjugates. Future opportunities. References.
Addition, Elimination and Other Group Transfer Reactions
(Phosphoryl-, Methyl-, Sulpho- and Amino-Transfer Reactions).
Addition of water to alkenes: fumarase. Addition of ammonia to
double bonds: ammonia lyases. Transamination: aminotransferases. Addition and elimination of carboxyl group. Nucleoside triphosphate
requiring enzymatic reactions. Preparation of ATP chiral at α-, β- or γ-phosphorous. Phosphorothioate-containing DNA and
RNA. DNA and RNA oligomers. Incorporation of modified or unnatural bases into DNA or RNA. Dehalogenation. Synthesis of chiral methyl
groups. S-Adenosylmethionine and transmethylation. Sulfate activation and transfer reactions. References. Subject index.
| Bibliographic details |
Hardbound, 0 pages, publication date: JUN-1994
ISBN-13: 978-0-08-035941-0
ISBN-10: 0-08-035941-8
Imprint: ACADEMIC PRESS
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Last update: 29 Oct 2009
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