Renewable Energy Finance: Theory and Practice, Second Edition integrates the special characteristics of renewable energy with key elements of project finance. Through a mixture of fundamental analysis and real-life examples, readers learn how renewable energy project finance deals mix finance, public policy, legal, engineering and environmental issues. This book investigates the economics of large-scale green power production and incentive mechanisms and how they fit into the global energy industries. It also examines how distributed energy resources such as residential solar and batteries can be financed at the scale needed to play a significant role in the future energy mix.The authors examine how renewable energy projects get financed and built using modern non-recourse project finance structures. It also highlights recent innovations such as Green Bonds and Sustainability Linked Loans that have emerged in the context of ESG investments. The scope of the book is global, and it illustrates how renewable energy project finance has evolved in various places (such as the tax-equity structures used in the United States, due to the corporate tax incentives used there) to cope with local regulatory and policy environments.
The Danube River is a brand-new volume in the Elsevier Ecohydrology from Catchment to Coast series. The book focuses on the second largest river in Europe and the most transboundary river basin that encompasses 19 countries. Chapters focus on changes to the area in the past decade and a way forward. Made up of three parts, the book starts with an overview, covers The Danube River and its recipient, the Black Sea, including sediment balance, water quality, hydromorphology and aquatic biodiversity.Section two covers the key pressures and implementation of transboundary water management such as aquatic resources, invasive species, climate change, and stakeholder participation. Section three assess visions for a sustainable future in the Danube River Basin with a look to applicable sustainability, ecosystems, human interaction, and improving biodiversity through floodplains. The book concludes with a summary and outlook.
Advanced Geospatial and Ground Based Techniques in Forest Monitoring provides insights into advanced geospatial technology in the field of forestry. The book provides both traditional and special techniques for monitoring the forest, including biophysical and biochemical parameters, retrieval, species identification, mapping, and classification. In addition, it covers the latest technologies using SAR data, hyperspectral data, and the integration of datasets for the enhanced accuracy of the results and its outcome. This book will benefit the academic and research communities with the latest research ideas and problem-solving skills in forestry and land management.
Decision-making is a key factor to achieve success in any discipline, especially in a field which requires handling large amounts of information and is based on calculations as civil engineering. Most processes and procedures are a compendium of many different tasks and requirements of each project under development, also involving a great variety of specific factors and numerical values to be considered. Making decisions in such environments can often be an arduous endeavor, and that is why the need for analytical criteria capable of assisting with untangling complex scenarios has arisen preponderantly.A highly visual resource, Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Analysis for Civil Engineering Applications aims to facilitate civil engineers by outlining state-of-the-art tactics for quantitative decision-making to optimally select the appropriate approach when faced with operational issues or to prioritize among multiple options.Authored by recognized experts in the field, the volume proves to be a balanced reference book that’s essential not just for civil engineers, but also for a wide variety of audiences in interconnected disciplines.
Ecohydrology of Kerala: River Catchments and Coastal Backwaters presents 20 years of research to provide suggestions for sustainable management solutions for issues surrounding the urbanization of the rivers of Kerala. This helps identify major issues and develop management strategies. Themes explored include biogeochemistry of rivers/estuarine systems, productivity and trophic status, biology: fauna and flora, biodiversity, threats and conservation, invasive species and impact on riverine ecology, landscape/land use/land cover change in the catchment, socioeconomic status of catchment population, economic and livelihood activities along the river courses/estuaries (river and estuarine tourism, sand extraction, fisheries), pollution monitoring and assessment, impacts of climate change, and more. This book can be used as a tool in the holistic management of resources, and to devise proper mitigation measures. The content of the book is a model for other tropical regions and countries with rapidly developing economies and populations
Application of Artificial Intelligence in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Energy Management presents the state-of-the-art in hybrid electric vehicle system modeling and management. With a focus on learning-based energy management strategies, the book provides detailed methods, mathematical models, and strategies designed to optimize the energy management of the energy supply module of a hybrid vehicle. It first addresses the underlying problems in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) modeling and then introduces several artificial intelligence-based energy management strategies of HEV systems, including those based on fuzzy control with driving pattern recognition, multi objective optimization, fuzzy Q-learning, and Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG) algorithms.To help readers apply these management strategies, the book also introduces State of Charge and State of Health prediction methods and real time driving pattern recognition. For each application, the detailed experimental process, program code, experimental results, and algorithm performance evaluation are provided.
Advanced Transport Biofuels: Production, Economics, and Sustainability provides a comprehensive review of the latest in the global production, economics, and sustainability of advanced transport biofuels. Drawing upon the latest developments in academia and industry globally, the book reviews biofuels policy and the technoeconomics of biofuels production. The technical considerations in the combustion of biofuels are discussed alongside the latest lab-scale and industrial-level combustion property testing using biofuels and biojet fuels. Finally, a lifecycle analysis of biofuel production is conducted related to the sustainability issues in production.This is an invaluable review of the current state of the biofuels industry, policies, technologies, and economic and sustainability issues related to biofuels applications that will be of interest to graduate students and researchers involved in the development and implementation of alternative fuels in the transportation industry. The book will also be of interest to professional engineers and policymakers working in the automotive industry and involved in the application of alternative fuels.
Fluid Inclusion Studies: Principle, Problems, and Practice aims to help readers overcome these problems by analyzing challenges and pitfalls and providing a practical guide for conducting their studies. Fluid inclusion study is a powerful tool in the field of the Earth science, especially in the study of mineral and oil and gas deposits. Fluid inclusions are samples of paleo-fluids entrapped in minerals and can provide indispensable information about the compositions of the fluids, and the temperature and pressure conditions of the host mineral formation.The principles are well established and generally easy to understand, however many scientists underestimate the complexities of the subject and make some common mistakes in data collection and interpretation.
Handbook of Blockchain, Digital Finance, and Inclusion: Cryptocurrency, FinTech, InsurTech, and GreenTech, Second Edition, Volume One presents the latest technological developments and innovations occurring in financial institutions and the engineering advances driving them. Students, scholars, and professionals can explore practical and academic contributions in domains not usually found together in a single resource. Newly expanded into three volumes, this handbook not only emphasizes the financial opportunities made possible by digital banking, such as financial inclusion and impact investing, but it also presents the engineering theories and advances that can create additional opportunities.It provides a collection of contributions by pioneers, academics, and practitioners carefully chosen as established experts in their respective fields. Each chapter reviews, synthesizes, and analyzes the topic at hand, acknowledges areas where there are gaps between theory and practice, and suggests directions for future research when appropriate. The volumes are reorganized into distinct themes, every existing chapter is updated with the latest information, and new chapters bring even more valuable information to readers.
Handbook of Blockchain, Digital Finance, and Inclusion: Distributed Ledger, Privacy Protection, Asia Tech, Inclusive Finance, Second Edition, Volume Two presents the latest technological developments and innovations occurring in financial institutions and the engineering advances driving them. Students, scholars, and professionals can explore practical and academic contributions in domains not usually found together in a single resource. Newly expanded into three volumes, this handbook not only emphasizes the financial opportunities made possible by digital banking, such as financial inclusion and impact investing, but it also presents the engineering theories and advances that can create additional opportunities.It provides a collection of contributions by pioneers, academics, and practitioners carefully chosen as established experts in their respective fields. Each chapter reviews, synthesizes, and analyzes the topic at hand, acknowledges areas where there are gaps between theory and practice, and suggests directions for future research when appropriate. The volumes are reorganized into distinct themes, every existing chapter is updated with the latest information, and new chapters bring even more valuable information to readers.