Mission of JADA Foundational Science

JADA Foundational Science (JADA FS) is a cross-disciplinary, open access journal publishing original research articles and reviews on a broad range of topics in dental, oral, and craniofacial health. JADA FS provides a forum for researchers in basic and applied sciences to make their work visible to experts in clinical dentistry and medicine. The aim is to highlight foundational science, as well as new and emerging scientific ideas, tools, and techniques, as they are applied to research questions in oral and craniofacial health. Pertinent studies are invited in the areas of biology, chemistry, engineering, materials science, computer science and informatics, advanced imaging and processing, and other technologies. Our goal is to recruit timely and innovative work of high scientific rigor that is applicable to the field of oral and craniofacial health, presented in a way that is engaging and instructive to both research scientists and clinicians. JADA FS employs a double-blind peer review process.

The journal adheres to the principles of transparency and best practices as outlined by COPE and ICMJE.

Journal Policies

JADA FS will consider submissions that are original, having not previously been published in a peer-reviewed journal or book and having been submitted exclusively to JADA FS.

Submission declaration and verification
Submission of an article implies that the work described has not been published previously (except in the form of an abstract, a published lecture, preprint, or academic thesis, see 'Multiple, redundant or concurrent publication' for more information), that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere, that its publication is approved by all authors and tacitly or explicitly by the responsible authorities where the work was carried out, and that, if accepted, it will not be published elsewhere in the same form, in English or in any other language, including electronically without the written consent of the copyright-holder. To verify originality, your article may be checked by the originality detection service Crossref Similarity Check.

Originality and exclusivity
JADA FS will consider submissions in which some part of the data set has previously been published as an abstract, poster, meeting report, or graduate thesis. These prior publications must be cited in the article reference list and mentioned in the cover letter accompanying the submission.

Preprints
JADA FS will consider submissions that have been posted on a single preprint server (JADA FS will not consider submissions that are posted on two or more preprint servers) only as long as the preprint is referenced in accord with the JADA FS preprint policy and mentioned in the cover letter accompanying the submission. See further information in Author Responsibilities section.

Open access
All articles published within JADA FS are open access, and authors are assessed an article publishing charge (APC) once their article has been accepted for publication. Please view the JADA FS Open Access page for more details.

Peer review
JADA FS employs a double-blind peer-review process, in which the identities of the authors and reviewers are unknown to the other. We ask that the article's title page be submitted as a separate file from the manuscript to preserve authors' anonymity for the double-blind peer review process. To learn more about specific requirements, see the section on preparing a manuscript for double-blind peer review.

Article consideration
All submissions that fall within the editorial scope and mission of the journal will be considered with regard to their novelty, originality, and potential to advance or transform oral and craniofacial health sciences. All submissions will be screened upon submission to ensure the material has not previously appeared elsewhere (other than acceptable pre-publication formats listed above).

Submissions considered for publication will undergo double-blind peer review. Only the title page and cover letter should contain identifying information.

Copyright
The American Dental Association does not own the copyright for editorial content published in JADA FS. This is an open access journal; all articles will be immediately and permanently free for everyone to read and download. To provide open access, this journal has an open access fee (also known as an article publishing charge [APC]), paid by the authors or by their research funder or institution once the article is accepted for publication. Discounts are available for members of the American Dental Association.

Depending on the requirements of the funding agency, articles will adhere to one of the two Creative Commons licenses below.

CC BY: allows others to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the work, even commercially, as long as they accurately credit all authors for the original creation

CC BY-NC-ND: allows others to download and share the article, as long as they credit the authors, but they cannot change the content in any way or use it commercially

Permitted third party (re)use is defined by the Creative Commons user licenses.

Use of inclusive language
Inclusive language acknowledges diversity, conveys respect to all people, is sensitive to differences, and promotes equal opportunities. Articles should make no assumptions about the beliefs or commitments of any reader, should contain nothing that might imply that one person is superior to another on the grounds of race, sex, culture or any other characteristic and should use inclusive language throughout. Authors should ensure that writing is free from bias, for instance by using "he or she" "his or her" instead of "he" or "his," and using job titles that are free of stereotyping ("chairperson" instead of "chairman").

Reporting sex- and gender-based analyses
Reporting guidance
For research involving or pertaining to humans, animals, or eukaryotic cells, investigators should integrate sex and gender-based analyses into their research design according to funder or sponsor requirements and best practices within the field. Authors should address the sex or gender dimensions of their research in their article. In cases where they cannot, they should discuss this as a limitation to their research's generalizability. Importantly, authors should explicitly state what definitions of sex or gender they are applying to enhance the precision, rigor, and reproducibility of their research and to avoid ambiguity or conflation of terms and the constructs to which they refer (see Definitions section below). Authors can refer to the Sex and Gender Equity in Research (SAGER) guidelines and the SAGER guidelines checklist. These offer systematic approaches to the use and editorial review of sex and gender information in study design, data analysis, outcome reporting, and research interpretation; however, please note there is no single, universally agreed-upon set of guidelines for defining sex and gender.

Definitions
Sex generally refers to a set of biological attributes that are associated with physical and physiological features (for example, chromosomal genotype, hormonal levels, and internal and external anatomy). A binary sex categorization (male, female) is usually designated at birth (sex assigned at birth), most often based solely on the visible external anatomy of a newborn. Gender generally refers to socially constructed roles, behaviors, and identities of women, men, and gender-diverse people that occur in a historical and cultural context and may vary across societies and over time. Gender influences how people view themselves and each other, how they behave and interact, and how power is distributed in society. Sex and gender are often incorrectly portrayed as binary (female/male, woman/man) and unchanging whereas these constructs actually exist along a spectrum and include additional sex categorizations and gender identities such as people who are intersex, have differences of sex development, or identify as nonbinary. Moreover, the terms sex and gender can be ambiguous, so it is important for authors to define the manner in which they are used. In addition to this definition guidance and the SAGER guidelines, the resources on this page offer further insight around sex and gender in research studies.

Funding body agreements and policies
Elsevier has established agreements and developed policies to allow authors whose articles appear in journals published by Elsevier to comply with potential manuscript-archiving requirements as specified as conditions of their grant awards. To learn more about existing agreements and policies, please visit https://www.elsevier.com/open-access/funding-arrangements.

National Institutes of Health public access policy
The National Institutes of Health (NIH) Public Access Policy law mandates that all peer-reviewed articles that arise, in whole or in part, from direct costs funded by NIH, or from NIH staff, that are accepted for publication by a peer-reviewed journal-including JADA FS-must be deposited with the National Library of Medicine's PubMed Central, in the form of a copy of the manuscript's final version on its acceptance. NIH provides a website at http://publicaccess.nih.gov that contains answers to questions the authors may have about this policy.

As a service to our authors, where the author has identified themselves as being NIH funded or an NIH employee, Elsevier will deposit the accepted manuscript to PMC on behalf of the author. See more information at https://www.elsevier.com/open-access/funding-arrangements/elsevier-nih-policy-statement.

Responsible sharing
JADA FS supports and encourages responsible sharing. Find out how authors can share research published in JADA FS.

Article Types

All JADA FS articles submitted will be peer reviewed. For more detailed information about the structure and specifications for each type of submission, please see below.

Peer-reviewed articles

  • Research Article
  • Review Article—invited, please direct inquiries to submit a Review Article to the Editor-in-Chief (EIC) prior to submission
  • Emerging or Confirmatory Science (short communications describing results of early studies into new areas of inquiry/technology, or confirming an aspect of an existing controversial area of the literature where a full manuscript is not warranted)
  • Editorials—invited, please direct inquiries to submit an Editorial to the EIC prior to submission
  • Letters to the Editor

Article Types

Article Type Max. Word Count Abstract Illustrations
Research Article 3,500 words 250 words. See below Up to 8 total
Review Article 4,000 words 250 words. See below Up to 5 total
Emerging Science 1,000 words No abstract Up to 2 total
Editorial 500-600 words No abstract Up to 1 total
Letter to the Editor 250 words No abstract No illustrations

Article Structures and Specifications

Research Article
Title (no word limit) Descriptive of the study. The title should clearly convey the main point or purpose of the article. Brevity is appreciated.
Key Words (5-8 words) A list of key words highlighting the article's most important topics.
Graphical Abstract (highly encouraged) One table or figure that summarizes the key point of the whole article or at least one of the most important "take home" messages of the work. Should have limited text. Can be a summary image of the whole or part of the paper, or a slightly simplified version of one of the tables or figures used in the paper itself. Should be referred to in the "Why Is This Important?" section, as the graphical abstract should illustrate one of the key points of the article to draw readers' interest.
Why Is This Important? (up to 200 words) The purpose of this section is to provide to all audiences, including non-researchers and researchers who work mainly in other areas of inquiry, the overall premise behind the work and its significance. It should be written at an introductory level. Briefly summarize the current thinking on the topic that led to the conduct of this study; that is, what knowledge gap is the work trying to fill? Present the main outcomes of the study, and then relate their significance to oral and craniofacial health, either currently or in the future. While the work may not yet directly relate to any clinical condition or situation, try to explain how it fits into the big picture and where it ultimately may influence health care in the future.
Textual Abstract (up to 250 words) * Must be divided into four sections:
  • Background
  • Methods
  • Results
  • Conclusions
Main Manuscript (up to 3,500 words) The five main sections of the manuscript should be as follows:
  • Introduction
  • Methods (note, use of subheadings is encouraged to separate specific sections, such as materials, different experimental procedures, and data analysis)
  • Results
  • Discussion
  • Conclusions
Figure Legends Detailed description of all of the figure content, divided into panels/sections, when applicable.
References Up to 50
Figures (up to 8 total figures/tables combined) Number consecutively. Ensure that figures are at least 300 dots per inch (dpi). JPEG, TIFF, or Microsoft PowerPoint formats accepted.
Tables (up to 8 total figures/tables combined) Number consecutively and provide a title for each table.
Supplemental Materials Can be used to provide complete details of experimental methods; that is, an expansion of what is presented in the main body of the paper. These materials should be organized into separate sections for each specific supplementary item; that is, different experiments. When additional data are presented, include specific methods section before providing results.

* Abstracts cannot exceed 250 words. Abstracts will be flagged in Editorial Manager if they exceed 250 words, and authors will be directed to shorten the abstract. Abstracts that stay within the 250 word-limit are acceptable, regardless of the length of the individual sections.

Review Article
The review can be systematic, critical, meta-analysis, etc. (NOTE: Authors are required to first contact the EIC to determine the interest of JADA FS in the specific topic in order to receive a formal invitation to submit.) Please email [email protected] with your article proposal.

Title (no word limit) Descriptive of the review. The title should clearly convey the main point or purpose of the article. Brevity is appreciated.
Key Words (5-8 words) A list of key words highlighting the article's most important topics.
Graphical Abstract (encouraged) One table or figure that summarizes the key point of the whole article or at least one of the most important "take home" messages of the work. Should have limited text. Can be a summary image of the whole or part of the paper, or a slightly simplified version of one of the tables or figures used in the paper itself. The graphical abstract should illustrate one of the key points of the article to draw readers' interest.
Textual Abstract (up to 250 words) * Must be divided into the following six sections:
  • Objectives
  • Search Strategy
  • Citation Sources
  • Study Selection Criteria
  • Data Elements Included
  • Overall Conclusions
Main Manuscript (up to 4,000 words) The four main sections of the manuscript should be as follows:
  • Introduction—Statement of the premise and need for the review article
  • Methods—Search strategy and data selection
  • Results and Discussion—Combined section presenting results and their interpretation
  • Conclusions
Figure Legends Detailed description of all of the figure content, divided into panels/sections if applicable.
References Up to 120
Figures (up to 5 total figures/tables combined) Number consecutively. Ensure that figures are of at least 300 dpi. JPEG, TIFF, or Microsoft PowerPoint formats accepted.
Tables (up to 5 total figures/tables combined) Number consecutively and provide a title for each table.

* Abstracts cannot exceed 250 words. Abstracts will be flagged in Editorial Manager if they exceed 250 words, and authors will be directed to shorten the abstract. Abstracts that stay within the 250 word-limit are acceptable, regardless of the length of the individual sections.

Emerging or Confirmatory Science Article (short communication)
Title (no word limit) Descriptive of the study. The title should clearly convey the main point or purpose of the article. Brevity is appreciated.
Key Words (5-8 words) A list of key words highlighting the article's most important topics.
Graphical Abstract (highly encouraged) One table or figure that summarizes the key point of the whole article or at least one of the most important "take home" messages of the work. Should have limited text. Can be a summary image of the whole or part of the paper, or a slightly simplified version of one of the tables or figures used in the paper itself. Should be referred to in the "Why Is This Important?" section, as the graphical abstract should illustrate one of the key points of the article to draw readers' interest.
Why is This Important? (up to 200 words) The purpose of this section is to provide, to all audiences, including non-researchers and researchers who work mainly in other areas of inquiry, the overall premise behind the work and its significance. It should be written at an introductory level. Briefly summarize the current thinking on the topic that led to the conduct of this study; that is, what knowledge gap is the work trying to fill? Present the main outcomes of the study, and then relate their significance to oral and craniofacial health, either currently or in the future. While the work may not yet directly relate to any clinical condition or situation, try to explain how it fits into the big picture and where it ultimately may influence health care in the future.
Textual Abstract (none) Not applicable
Main Manuscript (max 1,000 words) The five main sections of the manuscript should be as follows:
  • Introduction—It is important to explain why this is emerging science and specifically discuss its preliminary nature or confirmatory nature.
  • Methods—Briefly describe the methods, making use of citations where applicable. To ensure quality peer review, provide details of methods within the supplementary materials section.
  • Results—Briefly state with statistical analysis where applicable.
  • Discussion—Briefly explain the results and their significance.
  • Final summary statement
Figure Legends Detailed description of all of the figure content, divided into panels/sections if applicable.
References Up to 10
Figures (up to 2 total figures/tables combined) Number consecutively. Ensure that figures are of at least 300 dpi. JPEG, TIFF, or Microsoft PowerPoint formats accepted.
Tables (up to 2 total figures/tables combined) Number consecutively and provide a title for each table.
Supplementary Materials Can be used to provide complete details of methods used in the experiments; that is an expansion of what is presented in the main body of the paper. These materials should be organized into separate sections for each specific supplementary item; that is, different experiments. When additional data are presented, include specific methods section before providing results.

Editorial
Editorials will be written primarily by the EIC, an Associate Editor (AE), or, by guest editorialists at the EIC's invitation. The editorial need not follow a structured format. The editorial should be limited to 2 typed pages (maximum of 600 words) and may include up to 10 citations, as well as a figure or table.

Letter to the Editor
The format should be that of a letter addressed to the EIC, and must relate to some specific issue from a published article in JADA FS. The letter should be limited to 250 words maximum and may contain up to 3 citations. It should not contain tables or figures. The letter must address a specific aspect of a particular article and should not be a general disagreement. The letter should be submitted on the Editorial Manager site and will be subject to peer review, with opportunity for rebuttal by original authors.

Manuscript Preparation and Formatting

Technical specifications
Manuscripts submitted to JADA FS must be prepared in Microsoft Word. Illustrations can be submitted as PDF, JPEG, TIFF, or Microsoft PowerPoint files. If your electronic artwork is created in a Microsoft Office application (Word, PowerPoint, Excel) then please supply "as is" in the native document format.

Length
Article lengths specific to the type of article are given in the table above. Word count does not include title page, abstract, acknowledgments, references, and illustrations (tables, figures, text boxes).

Page setup
Pages should have 1-inch margins and must be numbered consecutively throughout the document. The manuscript should contain sequential line numbering, beginning with line 1 of the abstract.

Title page
Each manuscript should have a title page submitted as a separate file from the manuscript to preserve authors' anonymity for the double-blind peer review process. Please see below for more information about how to remove identifying information from the manuscript. The title page should include the following:

  • The complete title of the manuscript and complete information for all authors.
  • Each author's full name, degrees, professional title, and work affiliations. JADA FS does not publish US fellowships and honorary degrees and designations. Degrees below the master's level generally are not listed, unless they are the highest degree attained.
  • The corresponding author with their complete contact information.
  • A conflict of interest statement for all authors.
  • A funding statement.
  • A statement of institutional review board approval or waiver.
  • Clinical trial registration information, if applicable.
  • Acknowledgments, if applicable.

Tables and illustrations
Tables and figures should augment, not repeat, the text or broad trends illustrated in a figure. Figures and tables should be numbered consecutively according to the order in which they are cited in the text. A maximum of 4 tables and 4 figures-charts, graphs or photographs-or any combination thereof may be submitted.

Tables

  • Variables should be clearly defined and include the unit of measurement and values for any categories. Tables should use units and phrasing consistent with the manuscript's text.
  • Abbreviations should be defined in table footnotes.
  • Row and column headings should contain any necessary units of measure that apply to data in the row or column. Measurement abbreviations should conform to the journal's style.
  • The actual P value should be reported. A very low P value should not be reported as "P = .00", but rather as "P < .001."
  • If the first column of a table includes references, list them by year of publication then alphabetically by the first author's surname and cite the reference number.

Illustrations

  • Each chart, graph, or photograph will be counted as a separate illustration; illustrations should not be grouped together as a single illustration.
  • For clinical figures, JADA FS will accept only digital files at least 4 inches (roughly 100 millimeters) in width and at least 300 or more dpi in JPEG, TIFF, or Microsoft PowerPoint format. Please upload as a separate file in Editorial Manager.
  • JADA FS cannot accept original histologic slides and radiographs. However, JADA FS will accept digital files of radiographs, magnetic resonance images, and magnetic resonance angiograms.
  • The publisher reserves the right to reject any figure that does not meet the necessary quality standards for publication.

Patients who are clearly identified in the article (either in text or in photographs or videos) must sign the JADA FS photo release form, and the signed form must be submitted with the manuscript.

General points

  • Use uniform lettering and sizing in original artwork.
  • Use a preferred font: Arial, Helvetica, Times New Roman, Times, Symbol, Courier.
  • Number the illustrations according to their sequence in the text.
  • Use a logical naming convention for your artwork files.
  • Indicate per figure if it is a single, 1.5 or 2-column fitting image.
  • Submit individual figure files larger than 10 MB in separate source files.
  • Include figure legends at the end of the manuscript file, not on the figure.

A detailed guide on electronic artwork is available at https://www.elsevier.com/authors/policies-and-guidelines/artwork-and-media-instructions.

Formats
If your electronic artwork is created in a Microsoft Office application (Word, PowerPoint, Excel) then please supply "as is" in the native document format. Otherwise, regardless of the application used, when electronic artwork is finalized, please save as or convert the images to 1 of the following formats:

  • TIFF, JPEG, or PPT: Color or grayscale photographs (halftones): use a minimum of 300 dpi.
  • TIFF, JPEG, or PPT: Bitmapped line drawings: use a minimum of 1,000 dpi.
  • TIFF, JPEG, or PPT: Combinations bitmapped line/halftone (color or grayscale): use a minimum of 500 dpi.

Please do not do the following:

  • Supply files that are optimized for screen use (for example, GIF, BMP, PICT, WPG).
  • Supply files that are too low in resolution based on the above format guidance.
  • Submit graphics that are disproportionately large for the content.

Graphical abstract
Graphical abstracts are highly encouraged for research articles and emerging science communications. As indicated in the specifications above, the graphic can summarize the key conclusions of the paper, or provide a simplification of a table or figure that will draw readers' interest. Please see example below, which is based on the following citation: Ragain JC Jr, Brodine BA, Zheng Q, Blen BJ, Garcia-Godoy F, Zhang YH. Effects of curing lights on human gingival epithelial cell proliferation. JADA. 2021;152(4):260-268.

Graphical Abstract Example

TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

  • Size: The submitted image should be either 638 pixels x 575 pixels at 300 dpi or 1004 pixels x 775 pixels at 300 dpi.
  • Preferred file types: TIFF, PDF, JPG, PPT
  • Content: the abstract should consist of one single panel
  • Color: Please select colors that are consistent with and complementary to the colors used on the JADA FS website

Additional information on graphical abstracts, including benefits, instructions, examples, and links to further readings and resources can be found at https://www.elsevier.com/authors/tools-and-resources/visual-abstract.

Video and audio files
JADA FS will also accept video files in the following formats: mp4, mpg, mov, avi, gif for Research, Emerging Science, and Review articles only. The maximum size is 150 MB per file. The acceptable format for audio files is mp3. More information can be found at https://www.elsevier.com/authors/policies-and-guidelines/artwork-and-media-instructions/media-specifications

Data Statement
This journal encourages you to share data that supports your research publication in an appropriate data repository, and enables you to interlink the data with your published articles. If you are sharing data, you are encouraged to cite the data in your manuscript and reference list. Please refer to the "References" section for more information about data citation.
Research data refers to the results of observations or experimentation that validate research findings. To facilitate reproducibility and data reuse, this journal also encourages you to share your software, code, models, algorithms, protocols, methods and other useful materials related to the project.
For more information on depositing, sharing and using research data and other relevant research materials, visit the research data page.

Supplemental material
Supplemental material should be uploaded with each submission of the manuscript (original and revisions) to permit full review.

Author photo
Authors may upload a single photo of themselves alone or with their laboratory members to appear with the published article.

Manuscript style
Basic style/writing requirements
JADA FS style is based on the AMA Manual of Style, A Guide for Authors and Editors, Eleventh Edition, ISBN 978-0190246556. The purpose of any piece of writing is to deliver information. This requires the authors to define their message and present it in a way that is readily understood by and engaging to the reader. The overall tone of these reports should be factual and professional and thus suitable for a scholarly journal. All statements of fact require references from the appropriate published literature or from the novel data presented within the paper.

Manuscript title
The title should clearly convey the main point or purpose of the article. Brevity is appreciated.

Statistical material
JADA FS requires authors to provide actual P values when presenting results. P values less than .001 should be reported as P < .001 (and not P = 0.00). Results should be reported with appropriate significant digits that are scientifically meaningful based on the precision of the testing method/device.

Gene names, symbols, and accession numbers
Authors describing genes or related structures in a manuscript should include the names and official symbols provided by the US National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) or the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee. Before submission of a research manuscript reporting on large genomic data sets (for example, protein or DNA sequences), the data sets should be deposited in a publicly available database, such as NCBI's GenBank, and a complete accession number (and version number if appropriate) must be provided in the "Methods" or "Acknowledgment" section of the manuscript. JADA FS observes genetic nomenclature as described in the AMA Manual of Style.

References
All published references should be cited in the text and numbered consecutively. No references should be cited in the abstract. Each reference should be numbered only once; on subsequent citations, the original number should be used.

Reference management software
Please follow the format of the sample references and citations as shown in this Guide. If you use reference management software, please ensure that you remove all field codes before submitting the electronic manuscript. More information on how to remove field codes from different reference management software.

Reference style
Text: Indicate references by (consecutive) superscript Arabic numerals in the order in which they appear in the text. The numerals are to be used outside periods and commas, inside colons and semicolons. For further detail and examples you are referred to the AMA Manual of Style, A Guide for Authors and Editors, Eleventh Edition, ISBN 978-0190246556.

List: Number the references in the list in the order in which they appear in the text.

Examples:
Reference to a journal publication:
1. Van der Geer J, Hanraads JAJ, Lupton RA. The art of writing a scientific article. J Sci Commun. 2010;163(1):51-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.Sc.2010.00372.

Reference to a journal publication with an article number:
2. Van der Geer J, Hanraads JAJ, Lupton RA. The art of writing a scientific article. Heliyon. 2018;19:e00205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00205.

Reference to a book:
3. Strunk W Jr, White EB. The Elements of Style. 4th ed. Longman; 2000.

Reference to a chapter in an edited book:
4. Mettam GR, Adams LB. How to prepare an electronic version of your article. In: Jones BS, Smith RZ, eds. Introduction to the Electronic Age. E-Publishing; 2009:281-304.

Reference to a website:
5. Zika travel information. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. January 26, 2016. Updated August 11, 2016. Accessed June 18, 2019. https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/page/zika-travel-information

Reference to software:
7. Coon E, Berndt M, Jan A, et al. Advanced Terrestrial Simulator (ATS) v0.88 (Version 0.88). Zenodo; 2020, March 25. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3727209.

Journal abbreviations source
Journal names should be abbreviated according to the List of Title Word Abbreviations.

Data references
JADA FS encourages authors to cite underlying or relevant data sets in their manuscript in the text and include a data reference in the reference list. Data references should include author names, data set title, data repository, version (where available), year, and global persistent identifier. Add "[data set]" immediately before the reference so it can be properly identified as a data reference. The [data set] identifier will not appear in the published article.

Example
[data set] 5. Oguro, M, Imahiro, S, Saito, S, Nakashizuka, T. Mortality data for Japanese oak wilt disease and surrounding forest compositions, Mendeley Data, v1; 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.17632/xwj98nb39r.1.

Preprints

Where a preprint has subsequently become available as a peer-reviewed publication, the formal publication should be used as the reference. If there are preprints that are central to your work or that cover crucial developments in the topic, but are not yet formally published, these may be referenced. Preprints should be clearly marked as such, for example by including the word preprint, or the name of the preprint server, as part of the reference. The preprint DOI should also be provided.

Submission and Review Process

How to submit an article

All new manuscripts must be submitted via Editorial Manager, JADA FS's online submission website at https://www.editorialmanager.com/jadafs/default.aspx. If using the system for the first time, click the "Register" link on the Editorial Manager home page and follow the step-by-step process to open an account.

After registration, on the dashboard, select the "author" role on the dashboard and click on "Submit New Manuscript."

Submission checklist
Please note that JADA FS employs a double-blind review process, where neither the authors nor the reviewers know the identity of the other. Authors should ensure that they have done all of the following to comply with the journal's blinding policy:

  • Author information must only appear in the cover letter and title page file.
  • There must be no references to author names, initials, or institutions in the title, abstract, manuscript, tables, figures, and supplemental files.
  • Any acknowledgments must be listed on the title-page file and not in the manuscript file.
  • Direct references to the authors' previous work must be blinded. Previous studies by the authors must be referenced in text in a way that does not attribute the work to the authors or institutions of the current submission. For example, use "A previous study shows," not "In our previous study."
  • The file names must be blinded.
  • Any clinical trial names and registry information must be included in full on the title page and blinded in the manuscript.
  • Conflict of interest and funding statements must be included in full on the title page and blinded in the manuscript.
  • Institutional review board approval or waiver statements must be included in full on the title page and blinded in the manuscript.

Before submitting a manuscript, authors should take care to complete all the necessary steps. This will ensure an efficient processing of the submission.

  • Electronic files of the manuscript, each table and figure should be uploaded.
  • After the manuscript has been submitted, all authors will receive an email with instructions to electronically complete the conflict of interest and copyright acknowledgment information.
  • The manuscript should include an abstract in the proper format (according to the JADA FS article type to which it is being submitted).
  • All references should be checked for accuracy, correct format, and completeness.
  • If applicable, acknowledgments should be included in the manuscript on the title page.
  • Complete information-name, degrees, position or title, address, phone number, email address-should be included for the corresponding author on the title page but not in the manuscript.
  • Ensure that the manuscript follows article-type guidelines and limits for abstract structure, word count limits, and table and figure limits.
  • The manuscript document, tables, figures, and supplemental files are blinded of all information identifying the authors.
  • An institutional review board statement is included for all studies involving human participants.

Manuscript type
When submitting a manuscript, authors will need to designate the article type in Editorial Manager. The EIC reserves the right to change the article designation.

Author identification and roles
In addition to providing each authors' names, degrees, professional titles, work affiliations, complete mailing addresses, phone numbers, and email addresses on the title page, authors will also need to answer a submission question regarding this information. The corresponding author must provide a statement of responsibility delineating the contribution of each author to the manuscript.

Manuscript submission and review process
The EIC will review all submissions, and those deemed to meet journal criteria for scope, originality, and potential impact will undergo peer review. Those that do not meet these criteria will be returned to the authors.

Peer review
JADA FS uses a double-blind peer review process in which neither the authors' nor the reviewers' identities are known to the other. All contributions will be initially assessed by the EIC to determine whether they are in scope and provide sufficiently novel information to be considered for publication in JADA FS. Manuscripts determined not to be suitable for JADA FS at the time may be rejected without further review and returned to the author.

Manuscripts deemed appropriate for JADA FS will be assigned to an associate editor (AE), who manages the submission from that point on. The AE will send the article to a minimum of 3 independent expert reviewers who will assess the scientific quality of the manuscript and will make their recommendations to accept, reject, or send back to the author for revisions. After considering the reviewers' recommendations, the EIC will render a final publication decision.

Editors are not involved in decisions about papers which they have written themselves or have been written by family members or colleagues or which relate to products or services in which the editor has an interest. Any such submission is subject to all of the journal's usual procedures, with peer review handled independently of the relevant editor and their research groups. More information on types of peer review

Authors will be asked within Editorial Manager to suggest at least 2 objective reviewers with appropriate domain; authors may also request the exclusion of particular reviewers from critiquing their manuscript. The EIC will decide whether to accept such recommendations. NOTE: Reviewers' critiques are maintained in strict confidence and shared only among the editors, authors and reviewers. Authors may not include as a preferred reviewer anyone who works at their own institution.

Decision
The EIC takes into account the recommendations and renders one of the following decisions:

  • Accept
  • Minor revision
  • Major revision
  • Reject

Revisions
Authors usually are asked to revise their manuscripts to provide additional data, improve image quality, clarify methods or results, review and cite other pertinent literature, consider alternative interpretations of the data/conclusions, or alter sections of the discussion to ensure that conclusions are supported by the data. When submitting revisions, please provide three separate documents as follows:

  1. A clean revised manuscript file. This document should be in Microsoft Word docx format and remain blinded.
  2. A marked revised manuscript file highlighting the changes that have been made (yellow highlights) or by tracking changes via the "track changes" function in the authors' word-processing software program. This document should be in Microsoft Word docx format and remain blinded.
  3. A document providing each comment from the reviewers and editors with point-by-point details addressing the changes that have been made in response to the reviewers' comments. This document should remain blinded.

Rejection of Manuscripts
JADA FS is able to accept a relatively small percentage of submissions received. Therefore, many good manuscripts are declined, oftentimes despite favorable peer reviews. If your paper is rejected but the reviews are accurate, please do not appeal the decision and request additional reviews. Doing so distracts the journal's editors and reviewers from evaluating submissions and editorial staff from processing other manuscripts and is unfair to the authors of those papers. If, however, the reviewer or editor assessments are reconsidered, the Editor-in-Chief will entertain an appeal and reopen the manuscript's file.
Any appeal must be made by the corresponding author to the Editorial Office by email prior to resubmitting the manuscript. Please do not resubmit a revised version of a rejected manuscript without an appeal to the Editorial office. Please do not resubmit until your original manuscript is released back to you. By waiting for the manuscript release, it ensures that your paper is processed under the same manuscript number, keeping the manuscript history intact.

Editing
JADA FS reserves the right to edit manuscripts for conciseness, clarity, and style. After accepted articles are edited, authors will receive proofs for review and comment.

ORCID Identifiers
Open Researcher and Contributor IDs (ORCID) is a nonprofit organization that aims to solve the long-standing name ambiguity problem in research and scholarly communication through the creation and maintenance of a central registry of unique identifiers for individual researchers and an open, transparent linking mechanism between ORCID and other current author identifier systems. To learn more about ORCID, please visit http://www.orcid.org. JADA FS encourages authors to register for an ORCID and include it in their submission.

Author Responsibilities

Ethical approval of studies and informed consent/assent
JADA FS requires that all manuscripts reporting data from studies involving human participants, human specimens, animals, or animal specimens include a description (blinded in the "Methods" section and in full detail on the separate title page) of formal review and approval or, if appropriate, formal review and waiver by an appropriate institutional review board or ethics committee. Authors may be asked to request that the institutional review board or ethics committee responsible for oversight of the study provide, directly to the EIC, documentation of its formal review and recommendation. For investigations involving human participants, the authors must state in the "Methods" section that study participants provided informed consent/assent.

Personal communications and unpublished data
JADA FS requires authors to obtain permission from each person identified in the manuscript as a source of information in a personal communication or as a source for unpublished data. By submitting a manuscript, authors represent and warrant to JADA FS that such permission has been obtained, if applicable. JADA FS recommends that such permissions be in writing and that authors maintain the signed statements in their records for a reasonable period after publication of the article in JADA FS. Authors must specify in the manuscript the date of the communication or the data, as well as whether the communication was written or oral.

Preprint policy for JADA Foundational Science
JADA FS will accept papers that have been posted on preprint servers. We consider preprints to represent an early version of a paper that has not been peer reviewed. We therefore request that the following conventions be followed for the sake of full transparency. Our goal is to ensure that all modifications to a preprint and subsequent versions be noted, so readers are clear on all changes to experimental protocols, changes to data sets, and changes to discussions or figures. We also request that the paper be placed on a single preprint server and not appear on multiple servers.
  1. Preprint servers must clearly indicate that the content has not been peer reviewed
    • The preprint itself must also be clearly marked "preprint," and that it has not undergone peer review.
  2. Citations to preprints in published papers or in other preprints must indicate that the paper is a preprint and must follow this format
    • Author names, Title of Preprint, Preprint Server Name, Date of Posting, "Preprint," Version, Withdrawal status: (withdrawn or active), DOI number
    • Preprints must have a DOI number
    • Citations for preprints in the published JADA FS article must include the DOI number of the preprint
  3. Versions and updates
    • Modifications to the posted preprint must be noted with the date of the modification
    • Versions of the preprint must be referenced as unique publications, each of which follows the citation format for a preprint, and each must carry a number or identifier to indicate the specific version of the original preprint
    • Citation: Author names, Title of Preprint, Preprint Server Name, Date of Posting, "Preprint," Version 3, Withdrawal status: (withdrawn or active), DOI number
  4. Withdrawal status
    • If the preprint has been removed from the server, the citation should note its status as "withdrawn": Author names, Title of Preprint, Preprint Server Name, Date of Posting, "Preprint," Version 3, Withdrawal status: Withdrawn or Active, DOI number
    • Preprints that remain on the server should be referenced as "active" in the citation
  5. Referencing the JADA FS publication in the preprint
    • Once an article has been published in JADA FS, the preprint must be updated to include a reference to the JADA FS paper
    • The note should read as follows: This paper has been published in JADA Foundational Science. Author names, Title of JADA Foundational Science article, Volume, pages, date, DOI number, URL for posted article

Animal studies—ARRIVE checklist
Authors of preclinical animal studies must submit the "Animal Research: Reporting In Vivo Experiments (ARRIVE)" completed ARRIVE checklist with their manuscript. The ARRIVE guidelines can be found here: https://arriveguidelines.org.

Observational studies—STROBE checklist
Authors of human observations studies are required to submit a STROBE checklist. The STROBE checklists can be found here: https://www.strobe-statement.org/fileadmin/Strobe/uploads/checklists/STROBE_checklist_v4_combined_PlosMedicine.pdf

Please note that checklist requirements are only applicable for the Research Article type. For manuscripts with ARRIVE guidelines or STROBE checklists, the authors should include a final sentence in the "Methods" section stating compliance with the appropriate guidelines/checklist.

Systematic reviews and meta-analyses—PRISMA statement
JADA FS requires ystematic reviews to conform to the requirements found in the "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA)" statement, available at http://prisma-statement.org/.

Clinical trials—CONSORT statement
JADA FS requires clinical trials to conform to the "Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT)" statement (http://www.consort-statement.org/consort-2010). Authors must also use intention-to-treat analysis in their clinical trial.

Registration of clinical trials
JADA FS requires that clinical trials be registered publicly before any participants are enrolled in the study. The specific trial registry name and the registry number (for example, "ClinicalTrials.gov" identifier NCT00000000) should be included in full on the title page of each manuscript reporting a clinical trial. A statistical analysis plan for at least the primary outcome measure should be included with the registration. The registration identification should not appear in the manuscript document to preserve the double-blind review process. Clinical trials can be registered with any appropriate agency; a list of registries is available on the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) website (http://www.icmje.org/about-icmje/faqs/clinical-trials-registration). If the manuscript is accepted, the trial registry name and registration number will be published at the end of the article's abstract.

Observational studies
Studies in which the investigator does not assign the intervention do not require registration.

Typically, observational studies involve many variables, and a pre-specified analysis plan is preferred in order to avoid "data dredging" and other threats to validity. Interpretation of observational studies should arise from the results of multivariable models or other methods controlling for potential confounding, effect modification and dependencies in the data. Conclusions should not be based on unadjusted analyses with a single predictor (independent variable) unless confounding can otherwise be excluded. Authors should consider how adjustment for multiple comparisons may be best done in the case that multiple statistical tests have been performed.

It is increasingly common for databases with large numbers of observations to be available for analysis. These analyses often can identify very small differences as having "P < .0001." Accordingly, interpretation should be driven by practical or clinically meaningful considerations.

Questionnaire or survey instrument
If your study involves a questionnaire or survey instrument that you created, it is required that you upload the file containing that instrument with your submission as a supplemental file.

Reprint permission
Authors wishing to reproduce any previously published material within the JADA FS article, whether text or illustrations that is copyrighted by others, must obtain written permission from the copyright holder to reproduce the material in JADA FS. If a figure has been adapted from a published figure, please check with the copyright owners to see whether permission is required and include a complete citation for the original article. The preferred way to obtain permission is via the Copyright Clearance Center. Authors may also use the JADA FS template letter to contact the copyright holder. Manuscripts will not be published until ADA Publishing receives a signed copy of the permission letter from each copyright holder of previously published material. Please provide JADA FS with complete citation information for the reproduced material. For any questions about permissions and reuse, please consult the Elsevier permissions page at https://www.elsevier.com/about/policies/copyright/permissions.

Role of funding source
Authors are requested to identify the source of financial support for the conduct of the research or preparation of the article. Authors are asked to describe briefly the role of the sponsors, if any, in study design; in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; and in the decision to submit the article for publication. If the funding sources had no such involvement, this should be stated.

Author contributions
All authors should have made substantial contributions to the following: (1) the conception and design of the study, or acquisition of data, or analysis and interpretation of data; (2) drafting the article or revising it critically for important intellectual content; (3) final approval of the version to be submitted. Further information on the ICMJE guidelines for authorship can be found here: http://www.icmje.org/recommendations/browse/roles-and-responsibilities/defining-the-role-of-authors-and-contributors.html. All authors should be listed with their affiliations, their academic degrees, and their scientific or clinical contributions to the article. The EIC and publisher reserve the right to ask for justification for each author's inclusion.

Disclosures
All authors must disclose any financial, economic, or professional interests that may influence positions presented in the article. This disclosure will be published with the article. After a manuscript is submitted, authors will receive an email prompting them to log into Editorial Manager, visit the author dashboard, complete the conflict of interest form (as well as the copyright acknowledgment agreement form), and submit it as directed. Manuscripts submitted without the requisite signed conflict of interest forms will not be reviewed unless and until JADA FS receives a valid, executed JADA FS conflict of interest form from each author.

The use and declaration of AI and AI-assisted technologies in scientific writing
Where authors use artificial intelligence (AI) and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process, authors should:

  • Only use these technologies to improve readability and language, not to replace key researcher tasks, such as interpreting data or drawing scientific conclusions.
  • Apply the technology with human oversight and control, and carefully review and edit the result, as AI can generate authoritative-sounding output that can be incorrect, incomplete or biased.
  • Not list AI and AI-assisted technologies as an author or co-author, or cite AI as an author. Authorship implies responsibilities and tasks that can only be attributed to and performed by humans, as outlined in Elsevier's AI policy for authors.
  • Disclose in their manuscript the use of AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process by following the instructions below. A statement will appear in the published work. Please note that authors are ultimately responsible and accountable for the contents of the work.
Disclosure instructions
Authors must disclose the use of AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process by adding a statement at the end of their manuscript in a new section entitled `Declaration of AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process.' Statement: During the preparation of this work the author(s) used [NAME TOOL / SERVICE] in order to [REASON]. After using this tool/service, the author(s) reviewed and edited the content as needed and take(s) full responsibility for the content of the publication.


NOTE: This declaration does not apply to the use of basic tools for checking grammar, spelling, references etc. If there is nothing to disclose, there is no need to add a statement.

Post Acceptance

Proofs
To ensure that articles are processed quickly for publication, authors are asked to provide Elsevier with their proof corrections within 2 days. Corresponding authors will receive an e-mail with a link to Elsevier's online proofing system, Proof Central, allowing annotation and correction of proofs online. The environment is similar to Microsoft Word; in addition to editing text, authors can also comment on tables and figures and answer questions from the copy editor. Web-based proofing provides a faster and less error-prone process by allowing authors to directly type their corrections on the proof, eliminating the potential introduction of errors.

If preferred, an author can still choose to annotate and upload their edits on the PDF version. All instructions for proofing will be given in the e-mail sent to authors, including alternative methods to the online version and PDF.

JADA FS will do everything possible to publish the article quickly and accurately. Please use this proof only for checking the typesetting, editing, and completeness and correctness of the text, tables and figures. Significant changes to the article as accepted for publication will be considered at this stage only with the EIC's approval. It is important to ensure that all corrections be sent back to Elsevier in one communication. Please check carefully before replying, as inclusion of any subsequent corrections cannot be guaranteed. Proofreading is solely the responsibility of the authors.

Embargos
Details of a paper accepted for publication in JADA FS are embargoed until the date of online publication. Authors should not publicly discuss the data presented in a paper accepted for publication in JADA FS until the date of publication. Authors are also asked to refrain from unauthorized prepublication release of accepted manuscripts. This policy applies to all categories of articles, including research, reviews, editorials, and letters to the editor. Information contained in or about accepted articles cannot appear in print, audio, video, or digital form or be released by the news media until the specified online release date.

Publicity
Any publicity (press releases, press coverage, etc.) about articles published in JADA FS must be coordinated through the ADA Communications Department (phone 312.440.2598, email [email protected]).

Reuse of material published in JADA FS
All accepted manuscripts and their accompanying illustrations are published via open access. Depending on the funding source, one of two licenses will be applied, which will determine the parameters for reuse. Please see the copyright section for additional details regarding third-party reuse.

Errata, corrections, retractions
JADA FS is committed to correcting errors in published papers. In the interest of preserving scientific integrity, authors are encouraged to report post-publication corrections to the EIC as soon as the errors are discovered.

Corrections that do not substantively affect scientific conclusions will be corrected, and an Erratum will appear in association with the online article.

Authors are encouraged to bring to the attention of the editor errors that affect the core conclusions of the paper. These errors must be addressed in an expanded Erratum, in which the errors must be explained along with the scientific implications of the corrections. Substantial errata may undergo peer review.

If JADA FS receives information alleging changes are the result of large-scale error or misconduct, JADA FS may launch an investigation or may accept the conclusions of an institutional investigation. If such investigations conclude that misconduct has taken place, JADA FS will respond according to COPE and/or ICMJE recommendations.

In extreme cases, JADA FS may issue a retraction in the event that errors or misconduct render the research findings irreproducible or if the core conclusions are invalidated.

Author Inquiries
For inquiries relating to the submission of articles, please contact the JADA FS editorial office at [email protected]. For detailed instructions on the preparation of electronic artwork, please visit https://www.elsevier.com/authors/policies-and-guidelines/artwork-and-media-instructions. Contact details for questions arising after acceptance of an article, especially those relating to proofs, will be provided by the publisher. Authors can track accepted articles at https://www.elsevier.com/trackarticle. Authors can also check our Author FAQs at https://www.elsevier.com/authors or contact Customer Support via https://service.elsevier.com.