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Wildlife Toxicity Assessments for Chemicals of Military Concern
1st Edition - May 20, 2015
Authors: Marc Williams, Gunda Reddy, Michael Quinn, Mark S Johnson
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:9780128000205
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 0 0 0 2 0 - 5
eBook ISBN:9780128004807
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 0 0 4 8 0 - 7
Wildlife Toxicity Assessments for Chemicals of Military Concern is a compendium of chemical-specific toxicity information with discussions on the rationale and development of W…Read more
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Wildlife Toxicity Assessments for Chemicals of Military Concern is a compendium of chemical-specific toxicity information with discussions on the rationale and development of Wildlife Toxicity Reference Values (TRVs) intended for use on terrestrial wildlife for risk assessment applications. Substances covered include military-related chemicals including explosives, propellants, pesticides and metals.
Wildlife Toxicity Assessments for Chemicals of Military Concern is a much-needed resource designed to meet the needs of those seeking toxicological information for ecological risk assessment purposes. Each chapter targets a specific chemical and considers the current knowledge of the toxicological impacts of chemicals to terrestrial wildlife including mammalian, avian, amphibian and reptilian species.
Provides detailed information on how Wildlife Toxicity Values (TRVs) for military chemicals of concern are derived and evaluated.
Covers wildlife toxicity assessments of explosives, metals and environmental chemicals.
Compiles relevant information on the environmental effects of chemicals on wildlife in relation to public and environmental health.
Ecological risk assessors and toxicologists in government and industry organizations; graduate ecotoxicology students; industry, consulting and litigation professionals using risk assessments of contaminated environments
Disclaimer
Editor Biographies
Author Biographies
Acknowledgements
Part I: Introduction
Chapter 1: Characterizing Potential for Toxicity: Estimating Risks to Wildlife
Abstract
Introduction
History of wildlife toxicity reference values
Recent advances in toxicity reference value derivation
Important research needs
Part II: Methodological Derivations
Chapter 2: Methods for Derivation of Wildlife Toxicity Values for Use in Ecological Risk Assessments
Abstract
Introduction
Data collection and literature search
Identifying relevant studies
Toxicity profile preparation
Derivation of toxicity reference values
Assigning a confidence level
Creation of the toxicity reference value report
Part III: Wildlife Toxicity Assessments of Explosives
Chapter 3: Wildlife Toxicity Assessment for 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT)
Abstract
Introduction
Summary of mammalian toxicity
Summary of avian toxicity
Summary of amphibian toxicity
Summary of reptilian toxicity
Recommended toxicity reference values
Chapter 4: Wildlife Toxicity Assessment for 1,3,5-Trinitrohexahydro-1,3,5-Triazine (RDX)
Abstract
Introduction
Toxicity profile
Recommended toxicity reference values
Important research needs
Chapter 5: Wildlife Toxicity Assessment for High Melting Explosive (HMX)
Abstract
Introduction
Environmental fate and transport
Toxicity profile
Recommended toxicity reference values
Important research needs
Chapter 6: Wildlife Toxicity Assessment for 2,4-Dinitrotoluene and 2,6-Dinitrotoluene
Abstract
Introduction
Toxicity profile
Mammalian toxicity
Summary of avian toxicity
Summary of amphibian toxicity
Summary of reptilian toxicity
Recommended toxicity reference values
Important research needs
Chapter 7: Wildlife Toxicity Assessment for Nitroguanidine
Abstract
Introduction
Toxicity profile
Recommended toxicity reference values
Important research needs
Chapter 8: Wildlife Toxicity Assessment for 1,3-Dinitrobenzene
Abstract
Introduction
Toxicity profile
Summary of mammalian toxicity
Studies relevant for mammalian toxicity reference value development for ingestion exposures
Summary of avian toxicity
Summary of amphibian toxicity
Summary of reptilian toxicity
Recommended toxicity reference values
Important research needs
Chapter 9: Wildlife Toxicity Assessment for 1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene (TNB)
Abstract
Introduction
Toxicity profile
Recommended toxicity reference values
Important research needs
Chapter 10: Wildlife Toxicity Assessment for N-Methyl-N-2,4,6-Tetranitroaniline (Tetryl)
Abstract
Introduction
Toxicity profile
Recommended toxicity reference values
Important research needs
Chapter 11: Wildlife Toxicity Assessment for Nitrocellulose
Abstract
Introduction
Environmental fate and transport
Toxicity profile
Recommended toxicity reference values
Important research needs
Chapter 12: Wildlife Toxicity Assessment for Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate
Abstract
Introduction
Toxicity profile
Summary of mammalian toxicity
Summary of avian toxicity
Summary of amphibian toxicity
Summary of reptilian toxicity
Recommended toxicity reference values
Important research needs
Chapter 13: Wildlife Toxicity Assessment for Nitroglycerin
Abstract
Introduction
Environmental fate and transport
Summary of mammalian toxicity
Summary of avian toxicity
Summary of amphibian toxicity
Summary of reptilian toxicity
Recommended toxicity reference values
Important research needs
Chapter 14: Wildlife Toxicity Assessment for 2-Nitrodiphenylamine and 4-Nitrodiphenylamine
Abstract
Introduction
Toxicity profile
Summary of mammalian toxicity
Summary of avian toxicity
Summary of amphibian toxicity
Summary of reptilian toxicity
Recommended toxicity reference values
Important research needs
Chapter 15: Wildlife Toxicity Assessment for Picric Acid (2,4,6-Trinitrophenol)
Abstract
Introduction
Environmental fate and transport
Summary of mammalian toxicity
Summary of avian toxicity
Summary of amphibian toxicity
Summary of reptilian toxicity
Recommended toxicity reference values
Important research needs
Chapter 16: Wildlife Toxicity Assessment for 2-Amino-4,6-Dinitrotoluene and 4-Amino-2,6-Dinitrotoluene
Abstract
Introduction
Toxicity profile
Recommended toxicity reference values
Important research needs
Chapter 17: Wildlife Toxicity Assessment for Triacetin
Abstract
Introduction
Toxicity profile
Recommended toxicity reference values
Important research needs
Chapter 18: Wildlife Toxicity Assessment of White Phosphorus
Abstract
Introduction
Toxicity profile
Recommended toxicity reference values
Important research needs
Part IV: Wildlife Toxicity Assessments of Selected Metals
Chapter 19: Wildlife Toxicity Assessment for Antimony
Abstract
Introduction
Toxicity profile
Summary of mammalian toxicity
Summary of avian toxicity
Summary of amphibian toxicity
Summary of reptilian toxicity
Recommended toxicity reference values
Important research needs
Chapter 20: Wildlife Toxicity Assessment for Thallium
Abstract
Introduction
Toxicity profile
Summary of mammalian toxicity
Summary of avian toxicity
Summary of amphibian toxicity
Summary of reptilian toxicity
Recommended toxicity reference values
Important research needs
Part V: Wildlife Toxicity Assessments of Pesticides
Chapter 21: Wildlife Toxicity Assessment for Aldrin and Dieldrin
Abstract
Introduction
Toxicity profile
Recommended toxicity reference values
Important research needs
Chapter 22: Wildlife Toxicity Assessment for Chlordane
Abstract
Introduction
Toxicity profile
Recommended toxicity reference values
Important research needs
Part VI: Wildlife Toxicity Assessments of Industrial and Military-Related Chemicals
Chapter 23: Wildlife Toxicity Assessment for Acetylene
Abstract
Introduction
Toxicity profile
Recommended toxicity reference values
Important research needs
Chapter 24: Wildlife Toxicity Assessment for Benzo[a]Pyrene
Abstract
Introduction
Toxicity profile
Recommended toxicity reference values
Important research needs
Chapter 25: Wildlife Toxicity Assessment for Diphenylamine
Abstract
Introduction
Toxicity profile
Recommended toxicity reference values
Important research needs
Chapter 26: Wildlife Toxicity Assessment for Ethylene
Abstract
Introduction
Toxicity profile
Recommended toxicity reference values for mammals
Important research needs
Chapter 27: Wildlife Toxicity Assessment for Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH)
Abstract
Introduction
Toxicity profile
Recommended toxicity reference values
Important research needs
Chapter 28: Wildlife Toxicity Assessment for Perchlorate
Abstract
Introduction
Toxicity profile
Recommended toxicity reference values
Important research needs
Disclaimer
Chapter 29: Wildlife Toxicity Assessment for Phenol
Abstract
Introduction
Toxicity profile
Recommended toxicity reference values
Important research needs
Chapter 30: Wildlife Toxicity Assessment for Propylene
Abstract
Introduction
Toxicity profile
Recommended toxicity reference values for mammals
Important research needs
Chapter 31: Wildlife Toxicity Assessment for Phenanthrene
Abstract
Introduction
Toxicity profile
Recommended toxicity reference values
Important research needs
Chapter 32: Wildlife Toxicity Assessment for Pyrene
Abstract
Introduction
Toxicity profile
Recommended toxicity reference values
Important research needs
Chapter 33: Wildlife Toxicity Assessment for Mustard Agents
Abstract
Introduction
Toxicity profile
HD toxicity summary
Chapter 34: Wildlife Toxicity Assessment for Lewisite
Abstract
Introduction
Toxicity profile
Studies relevant to mammalian toxicity reference value development: lewisite ingestion exposures
Studies relevant to mammalian toxicity reference value development: lewisite inhalation exposures
Studies relevant to mammalian toxicity reference value development: lewisite dermal exposures
Summary of avian lewisite toxicity
Summary of amphibian Toxicity
Summary of reptilian toxicity
Recommended toxicity reference values
Important research needs
Chapter 35: Wildlife Toxicity Assessment for Thiodiglycol
Abstract
Introduction
Toxicity profile
Recommended toxicity reference values
Important research needs
Index
No. of pages: 722
Language: English
Edition: 1
Published: May 20, 2015
Imprint: Elsevier
Hardback ISBN: 9780128000205
eBook ISBN: 9780128004807
MW
Marc Williams
Affiliations and expertise
Toxicology Portfolio, Health Effects Research Program, U.S. Army, Maryland, USA
GR
Gunda Reddy
Affiliations and expertise
Toxicology Portfolio, Health Effects Research Program, U.S. Army, Maryland, USA
MQ
Michael Quinn
Affiliations and expertise
Toxicology Portfolio, Health Effects Research Program, U.S. Army, Maryland, USA
MJ
Mark S Johnson
Affiliations and expertise
Toxicology Portfolio, Health Effects Research Program, U.S. Army, Maryland, USA
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