Water and Climate Change

Sustainable Development, Environmental and Policy Issues

1st Edition - July 3, 2022
Editor: Trevor Letcher
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 9 8 7 5 - 8
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 9 8 7 6 - 5

Water and Climate Change: Sustainable Development, Politics and Social Issues focuses on climate change and global warming, sustainable development and social and political… Read more

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Water and Climate Change: Sustainable Development, Politics and Social Issues focuses on climate change and global warming, sustainable development and social and political issues surrounding water. Throughout the book, global contributors provide an outlook on the possible future of the world if climate issues continue to increase. In this regard, readers will become fully aware of the dangers of climate change and global warming. To counterbalance, the book also provides an outlook to the possible future of the world if changes are made and emissions are reduced.

Water shortages and water pollution are real and are beginning to affect the lives of every one of us on the planet. We are rapidly reaching a point of no return. If we do nothing about water shortages and water pollution, many of the catastrophes mentioned in this book will come to pass. As such, this reference is a must-read resource for environmental scientists and engineers, water resource experts, agriculturalists, social scientists, earth scientists, geographers and decision-makers in government and water management.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
List of contributors
Preface
Section A: Introduction
Chapter 1. Introduction: water, the vital chemical
Abstract
Chapter Outline
1.1 Introduction
1.2 The unique chemical properties of water
1.3 Water and climate change
1.4 The origin of water on Earth
1.5 The scarcity of water
1.6 Conclusions
References
Chapter 2. The root causes of climate change and the role played by water
Abstract
Chapter Outline
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Water and CO2 and the greenhouse effect
2.3 The main greenhouse gases of anthropogenic origin
2.4 Feedback mechanisms and tipping points
2.5 Where are we in solving the problem of global heating?
2.6 Solutions
2.7 Conclusion
References
Chapter 3. Water resource planning and climate change
Abstract
Chapter Outline
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Climate change and water budget components
3.3 Water reservoirs
3.4 Conclusions
References
Chapter 4. Potential impacts of climate change on biogeochemical cycling
Abstract
Chapter Outline
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Thermodynamics of cycling
4.3 Partitioning
4.4 Biochemodynamics
4.5 Biogeochemistry of oxygen in water
4.6 The carbon cycle and greenhouse effect
4.7 Conclusions
References
Further reading
Section B: Sustainable development and environmental issues
Chapter 5. Water quality engineering: physical, chemical, and biological treatment for a sustainable future
Abstract
Chapter Outline
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Water quality
5.3 Chemical processes
5.4 Wastewater treatment
5.5 Water treatment to manage risks
5.6 Disposal of sludge
5.7 Mixed reactors
5.8 Aerobic reactors
5.9 Anaerobic reactors
5.10 Treating contaminated ground water
5.11 Conclusions
References
Chapter 6. Urban water supplies in developing countries with a focus on climate change
Abstract
Chapter Outline
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Urbanization in developing countries
6.3 Urban water supplies
6.4 Climate change challenges and urban waters
6.5 Waste management and climate change and its impact on urban water
6.6 Opportunities and global initiatives
6.7 Water security
6.8 Conclusions
References
Further reading
Chapter 7. Water purity and sustainable water treatment systems for developing countries
Abstract
Chapter Outline
7.1 Introduction: access to clean water in developing countries
7.2 Environmental challenges to water purity in developing countries
7.3 WHO guidelines for water purity
7.4 Water supply sources used in developing countries
7.5 Water treatment systems used in developing countries
7.6 Sustainable water management systems
7.7 Conclusions
References
Chapter 8. Water purification techniques for the developing world
Abstract
Chapter Outline
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Water purification methodologies
8.3 Solar treatment and its intensification
8.4 Water disinfection by boiling
8.5 Chemical treatment
8.6 Filtration techniques
8.7 Natural treatment methods
8.8 Cavitation-based water hand pumps
8.9 Sustainable disinfection of harvested rainwater
8.10 Recent research on emerging methods
8.11 Impact of Covid 19 pandemic on the water sector in developing countries
8.12 Comparison of various purification techniques
8.13 Conclusions
8.14 Recommendations for future work
References
Chapter 9. Plastic pollution in waterways and in the oceans
Abstract
Chapter Outline
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Global marine plastic pollution
9.3 Plastic pollution in rivers
9.4 Riverine plastic outflows
References
Chapter 10. Desalination and sustainability
Abstract
Chapter Outline
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Description of desalination processes
10.3 Desalination and sustainability
10.4 Renewable energy integration
10.5 Future of sustainable desalination
References
Chapter 11. Groundwater sustainability in a digital world
Abstract
Chapter Outline
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Groundwater sustainability
11.3 Digital groundwater
11.4 Internet of Things–based data collection
11.5 Web-based data sharing
11.6 Workflow for data processing
11.7 Scenarios for data usage
11.8 Perspectives of web-based groundwater platforms
11.9 Disclaimer
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 12. Economics of water productivity and scarcity in irrigated agriculture
Abstract
Chapter Outline
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Productivity concepts as indicators
12.3 Production and scarcity in economics
12.4 Constructing water productivity indicators: physical and economic considerations
12.5 Trends in water productivity
12.6 Conclusions
References
Chapter 13. Potential of municipal wastewater for resource recovery and reuse
Abstract
Chapter Outline
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Wastewater as a water source
13.3 Wastewater as a nutrient source
13.4 Wastewater as an energy source
13.5 Conclusions and prospects
References
Chapter 14. Sustainable freshwater management—the South African approach
Abstract
Chapter Outline
14.1 Introduction
14.2 The classification system and classification of water resources
14.3 The determination of the reserve and resource quality objectives
14.4 Reflections on the resource directed measure components using the Vaal Barrage catchment in South Africa as a case study
14.5 Source directed controls
14.6 Linking resource directed measure and source directed control instruments for sustainable freshwater resources management
14.7 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 15. Sustainable water management with a focus on climate change
Abstract
Chapter Outline
15.1 Introduction and background
15.2 Impacts from climate change
15.3 Managing worsening concerns
15.4 Sustainable water management: a need for change
15.5 A sustainable water future
References
Chapter 16. Food-energy-water nexus and assessment models
Abstract
Chapter Outline
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Assessment of food-energy-water nexus
16.3 Food-energy-water nexus model development
16.4 Comparison of different models
16.5 Applications of F-E-W nexus models
16.6 Future considerations
References
Chapter 17. Emerging water pollutants
Abstract
Chapter Outline
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Dose-response relationships
17.3 Uncertainty
17.4 Conclusions
References
Chapter 18. Local representations of a changing climate
Abstract
Chapter Outline
18.1 Introduction
18.2 Local conditions of a changing climate
18.3 Art and science local representation processes by site and related challenges
18.4 Metadata and dynamic mapping perspectives for local representations
18.5 Lessons learned and final conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 19. Agricultural water pollution
Abstract
Chapter Outline
19.1 Introduction and background
19.2 Pollution problems generated from agricultural practices
19.3 Shifting practices and climate change
19.4 Water pollution control
19.5 Agriculture and a sustainable future
References
Chapter 20. Environmental impacts on global water resources and poverty, with a focus on climate change
Abstract
Chapter Outline
20.1 Environmental impacts on national/regional water resources
20.2 Impacts of climate change on poverty
20.3 Exposure and vulnerability impacts
20.4 Slow-onset events
20.5 Future trends
References
Section C: Policy issues
Chapter 21. Climate change and water justice
Abstract
Chapter Outline
21.1 Introduction
21.2 What is justice and for whom? Examples from the water sector
21.3 Defining water justice
21.4 Water justice and climate change vulnerability
21.5 Water justice and climate change’s proposed solutions
21.6 Naturalizing climate change
21.7 Struggle(s) for water and climate justice
21.8 Conclusions
References
Chapter 22. Environmental ethics and sustainable freshwater resource management
Abstract
Chapter Outline
22.1 Introduction
22.2 Key issues and the need for environmental ethical considerations in water resource management
22.3 Approaches to environmental ethics from a western perspective
22.4 Relating environmental ethics to water resource management in the context of complex socio-ecological systems
22.5 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Index

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Trevor Letcher