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Urban Water Crisis and Management

Strategies for Sustainable Development

1st Edition, Volume 6 - July 20, 2022

Editors: Arun Lal Srivastav, Sughosh Madhav, Abhishek Kumar Bhardwaj, Eugenia Valsami-Jones

Language: English

Paperback ISBN:

9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 1 8 3 8 - 1

eBook ISBN:

9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 1 2 9 3 - 8

Urban Water Crisis and Management: Strategies for Sustainable Development, Sixth Edition presents solutions for the current challenges of urban water and management strategie… Read more

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Urban Water Crisis and Management: Strategies for Sustainable Development, Sixth Edition presents solutions for the current challenges of urban water and management strategies. Through contributed chapters, a framework is laid out for a reduction of the use of groundwater (heavily overused as a solution) and the alternative options for the supply of water to cities, or for urban water. Sections discuss urban water, its problems and management approaches, address the root causes of the water crisis in urban areas, and cover the scientific and technical knowledge necessary to manage water resources.

Significant gaps between developed and developing nations in the procedure of water management are also addressed, along with practical information regarding recycling and the reuse of wastewater which is useful as baseline data for the future.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Contributors
Chapter 1: Urban water systems: An overview
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Impact of urbanization
3: Management strategies
4: Artificial recharge structures
5: Wastewater management
6: Water management—Current and future perspective
7: Conclusions
References
Further reading
Chapter 2: Urban water pollution by heavy metals, microplastics, and organic contaminants
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Presence of selected contaminants in urban waters
3: Conclusions
Acknowledgment
References
Chapter 3: Effect of climate change on urban water availability and its remediation in different continents
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Anthropogenic factors contributing to climate change
3: Impact of climate change on the availability of urban water resources
4: Water availability in different continents
5: Mitigation and adaptation strategies
6: Conclusions
References
Chapter 4: Comparative analysis of water supply systems in megacities in developed and developing countries
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Comparative study of water supply systems in developed and developing countries
3: Influences of community activities and urbanization on water supply systems in megacities of developed and developing countries
4: Wastewater recycling and microbial community dynamics to ensure drinking water quality in megacities in developed and developing countries
5: Comparative overview on water supply and consumptive usage in developed and developing countries
6: Conclusion
Acknowledgment
References
Chapter 5: The presence of inorganic and organic contaminants in urban water
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Classification of urban water contaminants
3: Remediation techniques for heavy metals
4: Microplastics
5: Control and management strategies for microplastics
6: Conclusion
References
Further reading
Chapter 6: Water-efficient technologies for sustainable development
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Water harvesting
3: Stormwater management
4: Green technologies for wastewater treatment and reuse
5: Water-efficient fixtures
6: Water audit
7: Conclusion
References
Chapter 7: Scientific approaches for water resources management in developing countries
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Water use for irrigation
3: Water harvesting practices to improve groundwater, including traditional in situ water conservation or groundwater recharge
4: Techniques of water harvesting in developing countries
5: Efficient systems for groundwater recharge and reuse
6: Efficient water delivery systems for irrigation, domestic and industrial activities
7: Water distribution systems
8: Irrigation projects to harvest runoff water
9: Global scenario of irrigation water development
10: Water-efficient agriculture
11: Watershed management
12: Site-specific irrigation using remote sensing and decision support
13: Use of polymers
14: Water contamination and wastewater treatment
15: Conclusion
References
Chapter 8: Microbial quality of groundwater in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria: Health implications and effective⇓ treatment technologies
Abstract
1: Drinking water
2: Potable water sources in Nigeria
3: Microbial population and diversity in groundwater sources in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria
4: Health implications of potable water sources in Nigeria
5: Potential treatment technologies in a Nigerian setting
6: Conclusion and the way forward
References
Chapter 9: Challenges of water contamination in urban areas
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Sources of water pollution in urban areas (point and non-point)
3: Types of water pollutants in urban areas and the water chemistry in urban areas
4: Human health effects of water contamination on urban dwellers
5: Approaches to prevention and mitigation of water contamination in urban areas
6: Environmental laws to control water contamination
7: Conclusion and future prospects
References
Chapter 10: Microbes in drinking water: Control and prevention
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Sources of contamination of drinking water
3: Drinking water as a primary etiological agent for microbial diseases
4: Indicators and index organisms
5: Functions in drinking water safety management
6: Water treatment plans and technologies
7: Different aspects of acceptability and accessibility of drinking water
8: Control and prevention
9: Conclusion
References
Chapter 11: Urban water quality and wastewater discharges in mega and metro cities of India—Challenges, impacts, and management: An overview
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Conclusion
References
Chapter 12: Traditional and existing methods of urban water supply and their loopholes
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Sources of water availability and water demand
3: History of traditional water harvesting, storage, management, and supply systems
4: Conventional water distribution system
5: Urban drainage systems (UDSs)
6: Green urban infrastructure
7: Dual water supply systems
8: Urban water distribution modeling
9: Climatic adaptation to urban water supply
10: Stormwater and flood management
11: Water and economy
12: Cities’ specific issues related to water supply systems and management strategies
13: Future challenges
14: Conclusion
References
Chapter 13: Microplastics: A threat to freshwater ecosystems and urban water quality
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Global distribution of microplastics
3: Damaging effects of plastic
4: Types and detection of microplastics
5: Remediation of plastic from water
6: Recommendations
7: Conclusion
References
Further reading
Chapter 14: Water scarcity in megacities of the Asian continent
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Understanding water scarcity and water literacy
3: Megacities of the Asian continent and its development
4: Water scarcity in megacities of Asia
5: Approach required for water management in megacities
6: Conclusion
References
Chapter 15: Application of emerging nanomaterials in water and wastewater treatment
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Characteristics of nanoparticles
3: Emerging materials and synthesis method
4: Applications of nanoparticles
5: Challenges and prospect
6: Conclusion
References
Chapter 16: The role of government in urban water management
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Urban water
3: Urbanization and climate change
4: Urban water sustainability
5: Urban water management is a serious challenge
6: Legal rights of urban water management
7: Legal rights of water in India
8: Urban water management in the 21st century
9: Conclusion
References
Chapter 17: Recent advances in water treatment facilities for wastewater reuse in the urban water supply
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Wastewater treatment
3: Challenges and future perspectives
4: Conclusion
Acknowledgment
References
Chapter 18: Alternative sources of urban water supply and application of emerging materials in water treatment
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Alternative urban water resource
3: Challenges facing today's water supply systems
4: Application of emerging materials in water treatment
5: Future recommendations
6: Summary
References
Chapter 19: Research methodologies for improving urban water supply to protect public health
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Domestic wastewater management and treatment
3: Industrial wastewater management and treatment
4: Nanotechnology in industrial wastewater treatment
5: Desalination
6: Conclusion
References
Chapter 20: Challenges and strategies of water supply and wastewater management in coastal urban and semi-urban areas
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Desalination
3: Consolidation of stratagem
4: Energy storage: A proposed model
5: Case studies of water management in coastal cities
6: Summary and conclusion
References
Chapter 21: Emerging water crisis: Impact of urbanization on water resources and constructed wetlands as a nature-based solution (NbS)
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Emerging water crisis
3: Urbanization and its effect on water resources and sustainability
4: Constructed wetlands: A nature-based solution
5: Constructed wetlands for water resource management
6: Conclusion
References
Chapter 22: Availability of technical options for safe urban water supply
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Different urban areas
3: Water utilities
4: Water sources
5: Pre-treatment methods
6: Technical options
7: Conclusion
References
Chapter 23: Urban water resources and its sustainable management
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Historical background and current scenarios
3: Urban water challenges
4: Urban water management strategies
5: Decentralized roof water harvesting: A case study
6: Future direction: Self-sustaining water grid for urban communities—A conceptual framework
7: Conclusions
References
Chapter 24: Development of the water accessibility index (WAI) as a measure of spatial justice in urban water supply system: A case study of Kalaburagi city, Karnataka, India
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: About Kalaburagi city
3: Water supply system in Kalaburagi municipal corporation
4: The linkage between water accessibility and socio-economic conditions: The water accessibility index (WAI)
5: Results and observations
6: Conclusions
References
Further reading
Chapter 25: Challenges in management of domestic wastewater for sustainable development
Abstract
1: Water: Essential for life
2: Domestic wastewater
3: Conclusion
References
Chapter 26: Significance of clay-based nanocomposites for treatment of wastewater
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Clay-based nanocomposites verses urban water management
3: Heavy metals removal
4: Scope of clay-based nanocomposites
5: Conclusion
Acknowledgment
References
Chapter 27: Microbiological quality of supply water in mega and metro cities of India and their management: An overview
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Gap in demand and supply of water in mega and metro cities
3: Sources of water contamination
4: Types of microbial contamination
5: Method of screening/detection of waterborne pathogen
6: Drinking water standards
7: Urban water quality in mega and metro cities
8: Health effects of microbial contamination
9: Treatment of contaminated drinking water
10: Conclusion
References
Index

Arun Lal Srivastav

Dr Arun Lal Srivastav is working as an Assistant Professor at Chitkara University, in India. He is currently involved in the teaching of Environmental Science, Environmental Engineering and Disaster Management to the undergraduate engineering students. His research interests include water treatment, river ecosystem, climate change, soil health maintenance, phytoremediation, and waste management. He has published around 50 research papers in various peer-reviewed, national and international journals, conferences, and books. He has also filed 12 patents.

Affiliations and expertise

Assistant Professor, Chitkara University, India

Sughosh Madhav

Dr. Sughosh Madhav works as a Postdoctoral Fellow at the Department of Civil Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India. He has obtained his master’s degree from the Department of Environmental Science Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India. He earned his doctorate from Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India. The area of his doctoral research is the environmental impact of textile effluents on groundwater and soil quality. He has published various research papers and book chapters in environmental geochemistry, water pollution, and wastewater remediation. He also edited 4 books related to water resource management in Elsevier, Springer, and Wiley publications.

Affiliations and expertise

Postdoctoral Fellow, Department of Civil Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India

Abhishek Kumar Bhardwaj

Dr. Abhishek Kumar Bhardwaj is working as an Assistant Professor at Amity School of Life Sciences, Department of Environmental Science, Amity University, India. He obtained his PhD from the Central University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India, in the field of environmental nanotechnology. He has also done Post-doctoral research at the Department of Environmental Science, VBS Purvanchal University, Jaunpur (India). Currently, He is actively involved in the teaching and guidance of undergraduate, MSc, and PhD students. Dr. Bhardwaj's research interests encompass a wide array of topics, including green synthesis of nanomaterials for water purification, bio-sensing, nano-based device fabrication, water treatment, diatom cultivation, mushroom cultivation, phytoremediation, and waste management. His contributions to the field are well-recognized, as he has published over 30 research papers in prestigious journals, including Elsevier, Springer, American Chemical Society, American Institute of Physics, MDPI, and Frontier, among others. Furthermore, Dr. Bhardwaj serves as a respected reviewer for esteemed journals such as Journals of Cleaner Production, Journals of Environmental Pollution, Bioresource Technology, Journals of Nanoparticle Research, Scientific Reports, and more. He has also edited two books in collaboration with Elsevier and Springer. His dedication to academia and research has made him a valuable asset to the scientific community and a significant influence in the field of environmental science and nanotechnology.

Affiliations and expertise

Assistant Professor, Amity School of Life Sciences, Department of Environmental Science, Amity University, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India

Eugenia Valsami-Jones

Eugenia (Éva) Valsami-Jones is a Professor of Environmental Nanoscience at the University of Birmingham. She holds a degree in Earth Sciences from the University of Athens and a PhD in Geochemistry from the University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne. Her research focuses on nanoscale processes in the environment and within biota. She has pioneered the development of traceable stable-isotope labelled nanomaterials and has been working on the development of analytical solutions for the improvement in speed and quality of nanoscale characterisation. Her current research priorities revolve around the application of nanotechnologies in solving environmental problems, particularly related to clean water and sustainable agriculture. She was the Mineralogical Society’s Distinguished Lecturer for 2015 and the Distinguished Guest Lecturer and Medalist of the Royal Society of Chemistry for 2015. She is currently a Royal Society Wolfson Fellow. She is a member of the coordination team of the European Commission’s Nanosafety Cluster.

Affiliations and expertise

Professor, Environmental Nanoscience, School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom