Turbine Main Engines

Turbine Main Engines

The Commonwealth and International Library: Marine Engineering Division

1st Edition - January 1, 1965

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  • Authors: John B. Main, F. R. Harris, C. W. Herbert
  • eBook ISBN: 9781483138992

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Description

Turbine Main Engines deals with the principle of operation of turbine main engines. Topics covered include practical considerations that affect turbine design and efficiency; steam turbine rotors, blades, nozzles, and diaphragms; lubricating oil systems; and gas turbines for use with nuclear reactors. Gas turbines for naval boost propulsion, merchant ship propulsion, and naval main propulsion are also considered. This book is divided into three parts and begins with an overview of the basic mode of operation of the steam turbine engine and how it converts the pressure energy of the ingoing steam into equivalent kinetic energy. The second part deals with the principle of operation of marine gas turbines and discusses the effect of pressure and temperature on turbine performance; creep of turbine components; fouling of compressors and turbines; and control systems and protective devices. The final part describes free piston-gas turbine machinery and looks at different types of free piston engine, together with turbine fouling and washing procedure. This monograph will be of interest to mechanical engineers and those involved in turbine operation and design.

Table of Contents


  • Part I. Marine Steam Turbines

    Section 1.1. Introduction

    Principle of Operation

    Steam Flow

    The Energy Conversion

    Section 1.2. Practical Considerations which Affect Design

    The Steam Path

    Efficiency of Operation

    Design Parameters

    Steam Jet Speed

    Blade Speed

    Multi-Staging

    The Steam Condition Curve

    Allowable Wetness in Exhaust Stages

    The Perfect Turbine

    Factors Adversely Affecting Efficiency

    Section 1.3. Application of Ship Propulsion

    Characteristics of Steam Turbine Drives

    Speed Variation

    Power and Torque

    Section 1.4. Choice of Turbine Inlet Steam Condition

    General Considerations

    Thermodynamics Considerations

    Commercial Considerations

    Section 1.5. Steam Turbine Rotors

    Rotor Types

    Rotor Vibrations

    Astern Turbines

    Section 1.6. Steam Turbine Blading

    Blade Profiles

    Blade Ring Steam Leakage

    Blade Root Fixings

    Blade Shrouding

    Exhaust Blading

    Materials of Construction

    Section 1.7. Nozzles and Diaphragms

    Interstage Steam Leakage Seals

    Section 1.8. Bearings

    Bearing Loads

    Bearing Clearances

    Bearing Lubrication

    Thrust Bearings

    Section 1.9. Turbine Casings

    Section 1.10. Lubricating Oil Systems

    Section 1.11. Condensing Plant

    Function of the Condenser

    The Condensation Process

    Air Ejectors

    Section 1.12. Reduction Gearing

    Nested Gears

    Articulated Gears

    Dual Tandem Gears

    Future Gearing Design

    Standards of Gearing Accuracy

    Section 1.13. Steamship Machinery Scheme

    Section 1.14. Heat Balance Calculations

    Purpose of Heat Balance

    The Quantities to be balanced

    Practical Considerations

    Section 1.15. Operation of Steam Turbine Machinery

    The Need for a Code of Operation

    Preparing to Leave Port

    Maneuvering

    Under Way at Sea

    Questions

    Answers

    Part II. Marine Gas Turbines

    Section 2.1. Introduction

    Section 2.2. Principle of Operation of the Gas Turbine

    Section 2.3. Possible Cycles

    Section 2.4. Open and Closed Cycles

    Section 2.5. Effect of Pressure Ratio and Temperature on Performance

    Section 2.6. Fuels and the Combustion Process

    Section 2.7. Combustion Chambers

    Section 2.8. Requirements for Marine Propulsion

    Section 2.9. Types of Gas Turbine suitable for Marine Propulsion

    Section 2.10. Compressors

    Section 2.11. Turbines

    Section 2.12. Blade Vibration

    Section 2.13. Rotating Stall

    Section 2.14. Creep of Turbine Components

    Section 2.15. Choice of Turbine Inlet Temperature

    Section 2.16. Air Cooling

    Section 2.17. Gas Turbines for Naval Boost Propulsion

    Section 2.18. Gas Turbines for Merchant Ship Propulsion

    Section 2.19. Gas Turbines for Naval Main Propulsion

    Section 2.20. Gas Turbines for Auxiliary and Emergency Use

    Section 2.21. Turbochargers

    Section 2.22. Gas Turbines for Use with Nuclear Reactors

    Section 2.23. Reversal

    Section 2.24. Effect of Ducting Pressure Losses on Performance

    Section 2.25. Effect of Ambient Temperature on Performance

    Section 2.26. Starting

    Section 2.27. Normal Operation

    Section 2.28. Maintenance

    Section 2.29. Troubles

    Section 2.30. Fouling of Compressors and Turbines

    Section 2.31. Control Systems and Protective Devices

    Section 2.32. The G.6 Propulsion Gas Turbine

    Section 2.33. The Ruston and Hornsby "TF" Gas Turbine

    Section 2.34. Existing Large Gas Turbines for Propulsion

    Section 2.35. Future Prospects

    Section 2.36. References

    Part III. Free Piston-Gas Turbine Machinery

    Section 3.1. Introduction

    Conception of Working Cycle

    Definition of Free Piston Gasifier

    Types of Free Piston Engine

    Section 3.2. The Free Piston Gasifier

    Consideration of Stability

    Output Characteristics and Turbine Relationship

    General Description of Gasifier Type GS-34

    Synchronizing Mechanism

    Fuel-pump Drive Unit

    Fuel Injection Equipment

    The Sampling Valve

    Timing Control Unit

    Fuel Rack Control

    Cushion Control Unit

    Starting Equipment and Controls

    Cushion Release Valve

    Safety Devices

    Gasifier Operation

    Starting

    Stopping

    Supervision during Operation

    Maintenance

    Section 3.3. Turbines and Transmission

    General Considerations

    Typical Turbines

    Turbine Fouling and Washing Procedure

    Gland Sealing

    Reduction Gearing

    Reversing

    Turbine Operation

    Section 3.4. The Marine Installation

    Power Range, Characteristics and Performance

    Control Systems

    Governing

    Air Intake and Gas Delivery Systems

    Auxiliary Requirements

    Waste Heat Systems

    Instrumentation, Remote Control and Automation

    Section 3.5. References

    Indexes

    Part I

    Part II

    Part III

Product details

  • No. of pages: 276
  • Language: English
  • Copyright: © Pergamon 1965
  • Published: January 1, 1965
  • Imprint: Pergamon
  • eBook ISBN: 9781483138992

About the Authors

John B. Main

F. R. Harris

C. W. Herbert

About the Editor

A. J. S. Bennett

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