Trauma Plating Systems

Trauma Plating Systems is the first reference and systematic book in the topic of trauma plating system in view of biomechanical, material, biological, and clinical aspects. The effects of these aspects on effectiveness of trauma plating fixation are deeply reviewed, discussed, and challenged from which promising evaluation and development concepts are explored.

This book is divided into five sections: Section I covers general concepts of biomechanical, material, biological, and clinical aspects. Then it provides fundamentals of trauma plating systems, principles of biomechanical evaluation methods, and biomechanics of plating fixation in Section II. Section III reviews current metallic materials with their advantages and disadvantages in plating fixation of bone fractures and new promising materials with their potential benefits to enhance the effectiveness of plating fixation. Section IV represents currently concerned biomechanical-clinical challenges of plating fixation for various bone fractures, and Section V presents current and new development concepts of this type of trauma implants. This book as an accessible and easy usable textbook for various disciplines of audiences who are dealing with trauma plating system and fixation such as orthopedic surgeons, trauma implant manufacturers, biomechanical researchers, biomaterial researchers, and all biomedical or medical students and residents in different levels of education.

Author has been diligent in both engineering and research environments in terms of research, testing, analysis, validation, verification, clinical studies, and technical writing. His main interest and effort is to integrate biomechanical, material, biological, and clinical requirements of orthopedic implants for creation of novel design conception in this industry. He has developed the website http://orthoimplant-development.com/ for further communication in development of orthopedic implants.

• Smooth writing style for effective following, fast reading, and easy accessibility of the content
• Detailed and insight reviews, discussions, and new ideas in evaluation methods and design conception
• Disclosing of a novel conceptual plating system (Advance Healing Fixation System—AHealFS) with advanced biomechanical and clinical benefits in various stages of healing period potential to bring an interesting science breakthrough in fixation of bone fractures

Various disciplines of audiences who are dealing with trauma plating system and fixation such as orthopedic surgeons, trauma implant manufacturers, biomechanical researchers, biomaterial researchers, and all biomedical or medical students and residents in different levels of education

Section I: General Biomechanical, Clinical, and Biological Concepts

1. General Concepts

• Abstract
• 1.1 Biological Concepts
• 1.2 Biomechanical Concepts
• 1.3 Material Concepts
• 1.4 Clinical Concepts
• 1.5 Remind and Learn
• 1.6 Think and Challenge
• References

2. Mechanical Behavior of Cortical Bone

• Abstract
• 2.1 Introduction
• 2.2 Cortical Bone Structure and Composition
• 2.3 Linear Elasticity Behavior
• 2.4 Mechanical Behavior of Bone
• 2.5 Anisotropic Behavior of the Cortical Bone
• 2.6 Compressive and Tensile Strength of Cortical Bone
• 2.7 Compressive and Tensile Strength in Longitudinal and Transverse Directions
• 2.8 Brittle Damaged Plasticity Model of Cortical Bone
• 2.9 Fractographic Analysis of Cortical Bone
• 2.10 Summary
• 2.11 Remind and Learn
• References

3. Mechanical Behavior of Trabecular Bone

• Abstract
• 3.1 Introduction
• 3.2 Macrostructure Level of Trabecular Bone
• 3.3 Morphological Indices Specified for Trabecular Bone
• 3.4 Trabecular Bone Mechanical Properties
• 3.5 Fatigue Response of Trabecular Bone
• 3.6 Conclusion
• 3.7 Remind and Learn
• References

Section II: Introduction to Trauma Plating Systems

4. Trauma Plating Fixation

• Abstract
• 4.1 Introduction
• 4.2 Technology
• 4.3 Design Concepts
• 4.4 Limited Contact Surface
• 4.5 Anatomical Fit
• 4.6 Buttressing Design
• 4.7 Screw Holes
• 4.8 Compression and Lagging Mechanism
• 4.9 Locking Mechanism
• 4.10 Soft-Tissue Irritation
• 4.11 Trajectory
• 4.12 Mechanical Strength
• 4.13 Implant Removal
• 4.14 Screw Fixation in Osteoporotic Bone
• 4.15 Instruments
• 4.16 Summary
• 4.17 Remind and Learn
• 4.18 Think and Challenge
• References

5. Biomechanical Evaluation Methods

• Abstract
• 5.1 Introduction
• 5.2 Experimental Methods
• 5.3 Finite Element Analysis
• 5.4 Combination of Experimental Testing and FEA
• 5.5 Summary
• 5.6 Remind and Learn
• 5.7 Think and Challenge
• References

6. Biomechanics of Plating Fixation

• Abstract
• 6.1 Introduction to Biomechanics
• 6.2 Clinical Biomechanical Concepts
• 6.3 Effect of Mechanical Loading on Bone Remodeling
• 6.4 AO Essential Principles
• 6.5 Biomechanics of Fracture Fixation
• 6.6 Summary
• 6.7 Remind and Learn
• 6.8 Think and Challenge
• References

Section III: Biomaterials in Trauma Plating Systems

7. Bioinert Metals (Stainless Steel, Titanium, Cobalt Chromium)

• Abstract
• 7.1 Introduction
• 7.2 Stainless Steel
• 7.3 Titanium Alloys
• 7.4 Cobalt Chromium
• 7.5 Summary
• 7.6 Remind and Learn
• 7.7 Think and Challenge
• References

8. Biodegradable Metals (Biodegradable Magnesium Alloys)

• Abstract
• 8.1 Introduction
• 8.2 Mechanical Deterioration
• 8.3 In Vivo Degradation of Magnesium Alloys
• 8.4 In Vivo Evaluation of Magnesium Alloys With Surface Treatments
• 8.5 In Vitro Evaluation of Magnesium Alloys with Surface Treatments
• 8.6 Effect of Manufacturing Processing on Degradation Rate
• 8.7 Summary
• 8.8 Remind and Learn
• 8.9 Think and Challenge
• References

9. Bioinert Polymers (Polyetheretherketone)

• Abstract
• 9.1 Introduction
• 9.2 PEEK Biomechanical Advantages and Challenges
• 9.3 PEEK Bioactivity Advantages and Challenges
• 9.4 PEEK in Orthopedic Implants
• 9.5 Discussion
• 9.6 Remind and Learn
• 9.7 Think and Challenge
• References

Section IV: Biomechanical-Clinical Evaluation of Trauma Plating Systems

10. Humerus Trauma Plating Fixation

• Abstract
• 10.1 Introduction
• 10.2 Proximal Humerus Fracture Fixation
• 10.3 Distal Humeral Fracture Fixation
• 10.4 Discussion
• 10.5 Remind and Learn
• 10.6 Think and Challenge
• References

11. Forearm (Radius and Ulna) Plating Fixation

• Abstract
• 11.1 Introduction
• 11.2 Biomechanics of Forearm
• 11.3 Plating Fixation of Distal Radius Fractures
• 11.4 Diaphyseal Plating Fracture Fixation
• 11.5 Proximal Radius Fracture Fixation
• 11.6 Discussion
• 11.7 Remind and Learn
• 11.8 Think and Challenge
• References

12. Femur Trauma Plating Fixation

• Abstract
• 12.1 Introduction
• 12.2 Proximal Femur Plating Fixation
• 12.3 Distal Femur Fracture Fixation
• 12.4 Plating Fixation of Femur Shaft Fracture
• 12.5 Discussion
• 12.6 Remind and Learn
• 12.7 Think and Challenge
• References

13. Tibia and Fibula Trauma Plating Fixation

• Abstract
• 13.1 Introduction
• 13.2 General Biomechanical Concept of Tibia Bone
• 13.3 Proximal Tibia Fracture Fixation
• 13.4 Distal Tibia Fracture Fixation
• 13.5 Distal Fibula Fracture Fixation
• 13.6 Discussion
• 13.7 Remind and Learn
• 13.8 Think and Challenge
• References

14. Hand and Foot Trauma Plating Fixation

• Abstract
• 14.1 Introduction
• 14.2 Hand Plating Fixation
• 14.3 Foot Plating Fixation
• 14.4 Discussion
• 14.5 Remind and Learn
• 14.6 Think and Challenge
• References

15. Pelvic and Clavicle Trauma Plating Fixation

• Abstract
• 15.1 Introduction
• 15.2 Pelvic Fracture Fixation
• 15.3 Clavicle Fracture Fixation
• 15.4 Discussion
• 15.5 Remind and Learn
• 15.6 Think and Challenge
• References

Section V: Further Development of Trauma Plating System

16. Further Development of Trauma Plating Fixation

• Abstract
• 16.1 Introduction
• 16.2 Biomechanical Development Concepts
• 16.3 Material Development Concepts
• 16.4 Biological Development Concept
• 16.5 Clinical Development Concept
• 16.6 New Concept for Future Development
• 16.7 Remind and Learn
• 16.8 Think and Challenge
• Reference