The Science and Technology of Flexible Packaging
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The Science and Technology of Flexible Packaging

Multilayer Films from Resin and Process to End Use

2nd Edition - July 23, 2022

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  • Author: Barry A. Morris
  • eBook ISBN: 9780323855747
  • Paperback ISBN: 9780323854351

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Description

The Science and Technology of Flexible Packaging: Multilayer Films from Resin and Process to End Use, Second Edition provides a comprehensive guide on plastic films in flexible packaging, covering scientific principles, materials properties, processes and end use considerations. Sections discuss the science of multilayer films in a concise and impactful way, presenting the fundamental understanding required to improve product design, material selection and processes. In addition, the book includes information on why one material is favored over another and how film or coating affects material properties. Descriptions and analysis of key properties of packaging films are provided from engineering and scientific perspectives. With essential scientific insights, best practice techniques, environmental sustainability information and key principles of structure design, this book provides information aids in material selection and processing, how to shorten development times and deliver stronger products, and ways to enable engineers and scientists to deliver superior products with reduced development time and cost.

Key Features

  • Provides essential information on all aspects of multilayer films in flexible packaging, including processing, properties, materials and end use
  • Bridges the gap between scientific principles and practical challenges
  • Includes explanations to assist practitioners in overcoming challenges
  • Enables the reader to address new challenges, such as design for sustainability and eCommerce

Readership

Industry: Engineers, scientists, and industrial designers responsible for designing polymers, making flexible film, and manufacturing packaging, as well as all those involved in the packaging industry or working with plastics packaging for advanced applications (e.g. food, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, etc.). Academic: Researchers and advanced students in the areas of plastics packaging, polymer films, polymer processing, plastics engineering, and materials science

Table of Contents

  • Cover image
  • Title page
  • Table of Contents
  • Copyright
  • Preface
  • Part I: Why multilayer films?
  • Chapter 1. Introduction to flexible packaging
  • Abstract
  • 1.1 History of packaging
  • 1.2 Benefits of packaging
  • 1.3 Size of market
  • 1.4 Packaging value chain
  • 1.5 Needs along the value chain
  • 1.6 Assembling a package: benefits of multiple layers
  • 1.7 Packaging trends
  • References
  • Part II: Basic processes
  • Chapter 2. Converting processes for flexible packaging
  • Abstract
  • 2.1 Extrusion
  • 2.2 Film converting
  • 2.3 Coating and lamination
  • 2.4 Orientation
  • 2.5 Metallization
  • 2.6 Printing
  • References
  • Chapter 3. Flexible packaging equipment
  • Abstract
  • 3.1 Unit operations
  • 3.2 Brief description of packaging equipment
  • References
  • Part III: Material basics
  • Chapter 4. Commonly used plastics and substrates in flexible packaging
  • Abstract
  • 4.1 Polymer resin and substrate function
  • 4.2 Commonly used plastics in flexible packaging
  • 4.3 Commonly used substrates in flexible packaging
  • 4.4 Material specifications
  • 4.5 Regulatory considerations
  • References
  • Chapter 5. Rheology of polymer melts
  • Abstract
  • 5.1 Basic terms
  • 5.2 Importance of rheology in flexible packaging
  • 5.3 Rheological measurements
  • 5.4 Factors influencing polymer rheology
  • 5.5 Relaxation, creep and constitutive equations
  • References
  • Further reading
  • Chapter 6. Polymer blending for packaging applications
  • Abstract
  • 6.1 Introduction
  • 6.2 Why blend?
  • 6.3 Blending processes
  • 6.4 Physics of blending
  • 6.5 Dispersion of rigid particles and nanocomposites
  • 6.6 Rheology of polymer blends
  • 6.7 Characterizing polymer blends
  • 6.8 Conclusion
  • References
  • Part IV. Film properties
  • Chapter 7. Heat sealing in flexible packaging
  • Abstract
  • 7.1 Why it is important
  • 7.2 How to measure
  • 7.3 Typical values
  • 7.4 Factors that influence heat seal performance
  • 7.5 Science of heat sealing
  • 7.6 Modeling heat seal and hot tack
  • 7.7 Easy open seal technology
  • 7.8 Reclosable seal technologies
  • 7.9 Ultrasonic sealing
  • 7.10 Failure analysis and troubleshooting
  • 7.11 Selecting sealant resins
  • References
  • Further reading
  • Chapter 8. Barrier of flexible packaging films
  • Abstract
  • 8.1 Why it is important
  • 8.2 How to measure
  • 8.3 Typical permeation values
  • 8.4 Science of permeation
  • 8.5 Emerging technologies
  • References
  • Chapter 9. Strength, stiffness and abuse resistance of multilayer flexible packaging films
  • Abstract
  • 9.1 Why it is important
  • 9.2 How to measure
  • 9.3 Typical values
  • 9.4 Engineering principles for multilayer films
  • References
  • Chapter 10. Adhesion in multilayer flexible packaging
  • Abstract
  • 10.1 Why adhesion is important
  • 10.2 How to measure adhesion
  • 10.3 Fundamentals
  • 10.4 Tie resin technology
  • 10.5 Laminating adhesive technology
  • References
  • Chapter 11. Thermoforming, orientation, and shrink properties of flexible packaging films
  • Abstract
  • 11.1 Thermoforming
  • 11.2 Orientation and shrink
  • References
  • Chapter 12. Frictional and optical properties of flexible packaging films
  • Abstract
  • 12.1 Frictional properties
  • 12.2 Optical properties
  • References
  • Part V. Effect of the converting process on film properties
  • Chapter 13. Effect of processing on quality of flexible packaging films
  • Abstract
  • 13.1 Thermal stability
  • 13.2 Die lip buildup (die drool)
  • 13.3 Moisture related issues
  • 13.4 Flow maldistribution and instability issues
  • 13.5 Curl
  • References
  • Chapter 14. Effect of the blown film process on film properties
  • Abstract
  • 14.1 Stress–strain history in blown film
  • 14.2 Air versus water quench blown film
  • 14.3 Development of blend morphology in blown film
  • References
  • Chapter 15. Effect of processing on interlayer adhesion
  • Abstract
  • 15.1 Adhesion to substrates in extrusion coating
  • 15.2 Interlayer adhesion in coextrusion
  • Appendix: Relating stress to process control variables in extrusion coating/lamination and cast film processes
  • References
  • Part VI: End use considerations
  • Chapter 16. End-use factors influencing the design of flexible packaging
  • Abstract
  • 16.1 Environmental effects on package performance
  • 16.2 Packaging–product interactions
  • 16.3 Aging
  • 16.4 General considerations
  • 16.5 Cost
  • References
  • Chapter 17. Designing flexible packaging for sustainability
  • Abstract
  • 17.1 Introduction
  • 17.2 Quantifying environmental impact
  • 17.3 End-of-Life Considerations
  • 17.4 Packaging design for sustainability
  • 17.5 Conclusion
  • References
  • Part VII: Structure design and modeling
  • Chapter 18. Analytical and modeling tools for flexible packaging design and process optimization
  • Abstract
  • 18.1 Identification of packaging structures
  • 18.2 Modeling
  • 18.3 Final word
  • References
  • Appendix A. Writing guide for packaging films and other multilayer structures
  • A.1 Guide to multilayer structure writing: packaging and industrial applications
  • Appendix B. Examples of flexible packaging film structures
  • B.1 Medical packaging
  • B.2 Food packaging
  • B.3 Industrial/consumer films
  • Index

Product details

  • No. of pages: 844
  • Language: English
  • Copyright: © William Andrew 2022
  • Published: July 23, 2022
  • Imprint: William Andrew
  • eBook ISBN: 9780323855747
  • Paperback ISBN: 9780323854351

About the Author

Barry A. Morris

Barry A. Morris retired from Dow as an R&D Fellow with over 30 years of experience in packaging innovation and technology. He has had a variety of roles supporting the ethylene copolymer business at Dow (formerly DuPont), including technical service, application development and R&D. He holds twelve U.S. patents and has written for over 125 publications. He is a Fellow of the Society of Plastics Engineers and a long-time board member of the SPE Flexible Packaging and Extrusion Divisions. He has won several industry awards for his contributions to the advancement of flexible packaging technology, including the TAPPI PLACE Division Technical Award (2005), SPE’s Bruce Maddock Award (2018) and the DuPont Pedersen Medal (2016).

Affiliations and Expertise

• R&D Fellow, DuPont and Dow (retired) • BA Morris Consulting, LLC

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