The Role of Colloidal Systems in Environmental Protection

List of Contributors

Foreword

Preface

Chapter 1. Biosolid Colloids as Environmental Contaminant Carriers

1 Biosolid materials in the environment

2 Biocolloid properties

3 Biocolloid stability and mobilization

4 Biocolloid transport studies

5 Contaminant transport associated with biocolloids

6 Fate of transported contaminants and contamination risks

7 Prevention and remediation strategies

8 Conclusions

Symbols and Terminology

Chapter 2. Influence of Natural Organic Matter on Contaminant Removal by Permeable Reactive Barrier

1 Introduction

2 Natural organic matter in the environment

3 Influence on permeable reactive barrier

4 Summary

Symbols and terminology

Glossary

Chapter 3. Role of Microbial Surface-Active Compounds in Environmental Protection

1 Introduction

2 Biosurfactants

3 Bioremediation/Biodegradation of polluted compounds

4 New aspects in the process of bioremediation of low-soluble contaminants: biosurfactant effects on microbial cell-surface characteristics and on microbial cell-surface structure

5 Permeabilizing ability of biosurfactants: from activation to inhibition

6 Industrial perspectives on biosurfactants application

7 Risk assessment aspects of biosurfactant application

8 Conclusions

Terminology

Abbreviations

Chapter 4. Review on the Utilization of Low-cost Substrates to Obtain Metabolites for Protection of the Environment

1 Introduction

2 Microorganisms that produce surface-active compounds

3 Biosurfactants from lactic acid bacteria

4 Low-cost substrates as a carbon source for obtaining biosurfactants

5 Lignocellulosic residues

6 Vegetable oil residues

7 Other agricultural residues

Symbols and Terminology

Glossary

Chapter 5. Use of Cloud Point Extraction with Ethoxylated Surfactants for Organic Pollution Removal

1 Cloud point extraction (CPE): principle

2 CPE of soluble species

3 CPE of dyes

4 CPE of dispersed pollutants

5 Salting-out effect on CPE

6 Scaling-up and process

7 Coacervate regeneration

8 Conclusion

Symbols and terminology

Glossary

Chapter 6. Adsorption of Synthetic Surfactants from Aqueous Solutions on Natural Adsorbents

1 Introduction

2 Problems of change and pollution of water resources

3 Surfactants as a factor of surface- and groundwater pollution

4 Self-purification and quality of water

5 Natural adsorbents

6 Laws of adsorption of the surfactants from aqueous solution at air–water and water–adsorbent interfaces

7 Thermodynamic evaluation of the adsorbent efficiency for water purification

8 Ecological and resource-keeping aspects of surfactants and detergents

9 Conclusions

Chapter 7. Co-Contaminant-Aided Removal of Organics from Produced Water Using Micellar-Enhanced Ultrafiltration

1 Introduction

2 Experimental

3 Results and discussion

4 Modeling

5 Conclusions

Symbols and Terminology

Chapter 8. Heavy Metals Uptake from Aqueous Effluents by Novel Adsorbent Derived from Tannin Extracts: Role of Tannin Source

1 Introduction

2 Materials and methods

3 Results and discussion

4 Conclusions

Glossary

Chapter 9. The Contribution of the Coagulation Process in Controlling Microbial Risk and Disinfection By-products Formation in Drinking Water

1 Introduction

2 Disinfection of drinking water

3 The coagulation process

4 NOM and turbidity removal by coagulation

5 Advances in the coagulation process

6 Conclusions

Abbreviations

Glossary

Chapter 10. Coagulation–Flocculation Method for the Treatment of Pulp and Paper Mill Wastewater

1 Introduction

2 The coagulation-flocculation process for wastewater treatment

3 Experimental studies

4 Results and discussion

5 Conclusions

Symbols

Glossary

Chapter 11. Arsenic Removal from Water by the Coagulation Process

1 Arsenic and its removal from water

2 The coagulation process for arsenic removal

3 Mechanisms of coagulation

4 Important factors in the coagulation process

5 Application of the coagulation process

Symbols

Glossary

Chapter 12. Optimization and Modeling of Decolorization and COD Reduction of Reactive Dye Solutions by Coagulation Processes with SIWW’s Coagulant

1 Introduction

2 Materials and methods

3 Results and discussion

4 Conclusion

Symbols and Terminology

Greek Letters

Glossary

Chapter 13. Modified and Nonmodified TiO2 Nanoparticles for Environmental Applications

1 Introduction

2 Wastewater treatment technologies

3 Nanostructured TiO2 and modified TiO2 for environmental applications

4 Conclusions

Symbols and terminology

Glossary

Chapter 14. Groundwater Purification and Soil Remediation Using Carbon Colloids

1 Introduction

2 Materials and equipment

3 Results and discussion

4 Conclusion

Glossary

Chapter 15. Quebracho colorado: A New Source for Water Coagulant—Performance on Dye Removal

1 Introduction

2 Materials and methods

3 Results and discussion

4 Conclusions

Glossary

Chapter 16. Biosorption of Uranium and Thorium by Biopolymers

1 Introduction

2 Biopolymers and biosorbents

3 Biosorption

4 Mechanism of biosorption

5 Evaluation of biosorption studies

6 Assessment of biosorption

7 Application of biosorption

8 Industrial perspective and aspects of biosorption

9 The future of biosorption

10 Biosorption of radionuclides

11 Biosorption of uranium and thorium by Ca-alginate biopolymer beads

12 Conclusion

Symbols and terminology

Glossary

Chapter 17. Colloid-Mediated Transport and the Fate of Contaminants in Soils

1 Introduction

2 Soil structure and spatial variability

3 Contaminants in soils

4 Colloid-mediated transport of contaminants in soils

5 Anthropogenic colloids and engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) in soil

6 Hazards and risks of engineered nanoparticles/colloids for the environment and human health

7 Concluding remarks

Symbols and abbreviations

Glossary

Chapter 18. Micellar Solutions to Recover Diesel in Sand

1 Introduction

2 Background

3 Surfactant-enhanced site remediation

4 Laboratory studies in columns of diesel recovery using micellar solutions

5 Application of micellar solution in situ to a diesel-contaminated site

6 Biodegradation of diesel-contaminated soil in soil column with synthetic surfactants and biosurfactants

7 Mathematical models

8 Conclusions

General Symbols

Greek symbols

Indices

Glossary

Chapter 19. Recent Advances on the Use of Surfactant Systems as Inhibitors of Corrosion on Metallic Surfaces

1 A review on the use of surfactant systems in the inhibition of corrosion on metallic surfaces

2 Current research on novel corrosion inhibitors

3 Conclusions

Symbols and terminology

Greek letters

Glossary

Chapter 20. The Role of Corrosion Inhibitors in Protecting Metallic Structures against Corrosion in Harsh Environments

1 Introduction

2 Classification of corrosion inhibitors

2 Inhibition efficiencies of corrosion inhibitors

3 Uses of corrosion inhibitors in industry

4 Summary

Symbols and terminology

Glossary

Chapter 21. Petroleum Products Transporting Pipeline Corrosion—A Review

1 Corrosion

2 Corrosion of petroleum production and transportation pipelines

3 Corrosion control and prevention

4 Corrosion inhibitors

5 An overview of corrosion and its control in petroleum production pipeline

6 Recommendations and summary

Description of terminal symbols

Glossary

Chapter 22. Aerogels in the Environment Protection

1 Introduction

2 Preparation of aerogels

3 Adsorption applications of aerogels

4 Catalytic applications of aerogels

5 Other applications of aerogels for environmental purposes

6 Conclusions

Glossary

Chapter 23. Effective Utilization of Solid Waste from Leather Industry

1 Origin of pollution from the leather industry: an overview

2 Solid waste: new source for creating wealth

3 Treatment of solid waste: state of the art

4 Significant characteristics of solid waste from tanneries

5 Chromium—an insight into the metal and its toxicological evidences

6 Dye: a ubiquitous pollutant

7 Solid wastes to remove toxic liquid wastes: new paradigm

8 Removal of chromium(VI) using fleshing

9 Removal of dye using fleshing

10 Manufacture of tanning salt from pollutant-loaded solid wastes: a holistic solution

11 Conclusions

Symbols and terminology

Glossary

Chapter 24. Applications of Porous Media Combustion Technology

1 Introduction

2 Applications of PMC technology

3 Conclusion

Chapter 25. Colloids in the Environmental Protection—Current and Future Trends

1 Introduction

2 Current and future trends in colloidal use for environmental protection

3 Conclusions

Symbols and abbreviations

Glossary

Index