The Physics of Ice

The Physics of Ice covers the state of knowledge regarding the structure, properties, occurrence, and movement of ice.
This book is composed of eight chapters, and begins with an introduction and in the fundamental aspects of ice, including pure water freezing, circulation, occurrence, classification, and importance of ice. The subsequent chapters describe the properties, structure, freezing, and composition of sea ice and ice drift. These topics are followed by discussions on the crystallographic features, and mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of ice. The concluding chapter examines the factor influencing ice growth and decay. This book is directed toward physicists and researchers in ice-related fields.

Preface

Chapter 1. Introduction

1.1 The Freezing of Pure Water

1.2 Effect of Impurities

1.3 Circulation

1.4 The Occurrence and Classification of Ice

1.5 Importance of Ice

1.6 Special Types of High-Pressure Ice

Chapter 2. Sea Ice

2.1 The Composition of Sea Water

2.2 The Freezing of Sea Water

2.3 The Optical Properties of Ice

2.4 The Structure of Sea Ice

2.5 Polar Ice

2.6 The Structure of Fresh-Water Ice

Chapter 3. Ice Drift

3.1 Arctic Pack Ice

3.2 Antarctic Pack Ice

3.3 Icebergs

Chapter 4. Ice Control

4.1 Chemical Melting and the Use of Heat

4.2 Icebreakers

4.3 Air Bubbling

4.4 Explosives

Chapter 5. The Crystallography of Ice

5.1 The Structure of Water Vapor and Liquid Water

5.2 Diffraction of X-Ray, Neutron, and Electron Beams

5.3 The Structure of Ice

5.4 The Positions of the Hydrogen Atoms

5.5 The Density of Ice and Water

Chapter 6. The Mechanical Properties of Ice

6.1 The Rheological Nature of Ice

6.2 The Ultimate Strengths of Fresh-Water Ice

6.3 A Theory of Sea Ice

6.4 The Ultimate Strengths of Sea Ice

6.5 The Elastic Parameters of Ice

6.6 Friction

6.7 Density

Chapter 7. The Thermal and Electrical Properties of Ice

7.1 The Thermal Properties of Fresh-Water Ice

7.2 The Thermal Properties of Sea Ice

7.3 The Electrical Properties of Fresh-Water Ice

7.4 The Electrical Properties of Sea Ice

Chapter 8. The Growth and Decay of an Ice Cover

8.1 Stefan's Law and The Diffusion Equation

8.2 The Heat Budget Before and after Freeze-up

8.3 The Decay of an Ice Cover

Bibliography

Index