The Energy Internet

1 Centralized, decentralized, and distributed control for Energy Internet

Hajir Pourbabak, Tao Chen and Wencong Su

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Energy management approaches in energy networks

1.3 Characteristics of communication networks of Energy Internet network

1.4 Conclusion and future research

2 Solid state transformers, the Energy Router and the Energy Internet

Alex Q. Huang

2.1 The Energy Internet

2.2 The Energy Router

2.3 Medium voltage power electronics based distribution system

2.4 Status of solid state transformer developments

2.5 Smart grid functionalities of the solid state transformer

2.6 Conclusions

3 Energy Internet blockchain technology

Yin Cao

3.1 Overview

3.2 The application of blockchain technology in energy scenarios

3.3 Application case analysis of blockchain technology in the energy industry

3.4 Challenges in the application of blockchain technology in the energy industry

3.5 Conclusion

4 Resilient community microgrids: governance and operational challenges

Stephen Bird, Chelsea Hotaling, Amir Enayati and Thomas Ortmeyer

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Benefits, challenges, and advantages of multistakeholder microgrids

4.3 Benefit of improving restoration rate in the initial recovery phase

4.4 Potsdam case study

4.5 Community benefits

4.6 Critical issues

4.7 Summary

Acknowledgments

5 Electricity market reform

Tao Chen, Hajir Pourbabak and Wencong Su

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Electricity market paradigms within energy internet

5.3 Transactive energy as a platform for energy transactions

5.4 Conclusion

6 Medium-voltage DC power distribution technology

Biao Zhao, Rong Zeng, Qiang Song, Zhanqing Yu and Lu Qu

6.1 Development background

6.2 Application advantages and scenarios

6.3 System architecture technology

6.4 Key equipment technology

6.5 Control technology

6.6 Protection technology

6.7 Practical medium-voltage dc Energy Internet systems in China

6.8 Summary

7 Transactive energy in future smart homes

Mohammadreza Daneshvar, Mahmoud Pesaran and Behnam Mohammadi-ivatloo

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Demand response

7.3 Demand response programs

7.4 Transactive energy

7.5 Transactive energy definition

7.6 What is the Gridwise Architecture Council?

7.7 Transactive energy framework and attributes

7.8 Transactive energy principles and purpose

7.9 Transactive energy control and coordination

7.10 Transactive energy challenges

7.11 Transactive energy systems

7.12 Transactive energy in home energy management systems

7.13 Future work

7.14 Conclusion

8 Emerging data encryption methods applicable to Energy Internet

Hajir Pourbabak, Tao Chen and Wencong Su

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Importance of digital signatures in the Energy Internet

8.3 Secret key cryptography (symmetric key cryptography)

8.4 Public key cryptography (asymmetric key cryptography)

8.5 Quantum key distribution

8.6 Application of quantum key distribution to the Energy Internet

8.7 Comparison of different cryptography methodsdpros and cons

8.8 Future trends and opportunities in cyber security

9 Enabling technologies and technical solutions for the Energy Internet: lessons learned and case studies from Pecan Street Inc.

Suzanne Russo, Scott Hinson and Bert Haskell

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Characteristic technologies of the energy internet

9.3 A smarter grid: information and communication technology solutions

9.4 Prosumers: enabling proactive energy consumers

9.5 Recommendations for accelerating the shift toward clean energy

9.6 Conclusion

10 How the Brooklyn microgrid and exergy are paving the way to next-gen energy markets

Lawrence Orsini, Scott Kessler, Julianna Wei and Heather Field

10.1 Transactive energy

10.2 Rise of the community microgrid

10.3 The Brooklyn microgrid demonstration

10.4 Next steps for exergy and Brooklyn microgrid

11 Energy Internet: an open energy platform to transform legacy power systems into open innovation and global economic engine

Rikiya ABE, Kenji Tanaka, and Nguyen Van Triet

11.1 Overall concept of Digital Grid

11.2 Benefits of digital grid

11.3 Relief from power grid constraints

11.4 Digital grid routers transaction of the tagged real power

11.5 Machine-to-machine autonomous power market using blockchain

11.6 Implementation in real world

11.7 Suggested next step

12 Energy Internet in China

Guanwei Liu, Rong Zeng, Feng Gao and Lu Qu

12.1 concept and characteristics

12.2 key technologies

12.3 representative demonstration projects

13 Quantum Grid: A packet-based power approach

Bernd Reifenhaeuser and Andreas Sumper

13.1 Introduction

13.2 Principle of quantized energy flow

13.3 Architecture of the Quantum Grid

13.4 Power Plane

13.5 Routing and Control Plane

13.6 Conclusions

Appendix

Acknowledgments

14 Smart rural grid pilot in Spain

Francesc Girbau-Llistuella, Andreas Sumper, Ramon Gallart-Fernandez and Santi Martinez-Farrero

14.1 Introduction

14.2 Social impact of smart grid technologies in rural societies

14.3 Smart grid technologies in rural distribution networks

14.4 Smart rural grid project

14.5 Conclusions

15 Development of European Energy Internet and the role of Energy Union

Xiao-Ping Zhang

15.1 From start grid to Energy Internet: European perspectives

15.2 Global power and Energy Internet: architecture

15.3 Europe’s Energy Internet development and the role of Energy Union

15.4 Energy Internet and Industry 4.0

15.5 Concluding remarks