The Encyclopedia of Mass Spectrometry, Volume 5

Sample Preparation Techniques in Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry; Sample Introduction: Nebulization; Sample introduction: Laser ablation; Sample introduction: Electrothermal vaporization; Sample introduction: Capillary electrophoresis; Sample introduction: Gas chromatography; Sample introduction: Liquid chromatography; Sample Introduction: Vapour Generation; Sample introduction: Flow injection; Inductively Coupled Plasma as an Ion Source for Mass Spectrometry; Ion extraction from inductively coupled plasma; Mass analyzers (quadrupole, time-of-flight & sector); Reduction of polyatomic interferences in ICP-MS by collision/reaction cell (CRC-ICP-MS) techniques; Interferences: Polyatomic ions with double-focusing sector field; Interferences: Non-spectroscopic interferences; Application of Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry to Environmental Analysis; Application of ICP-MS for Elemental Analysis of geochemical samples; Applications: Semiconductor materials; Applications: Determination of long-lived radionuclides in nuclear, environmental and medical materials by ICP-MS and LA-ICP-MS; Applications: Speciation - biomolecules; Applications: Speciation - small molecules; ELEMENTAL SPECIATION IN BIOPOLYMERS BY ICP-MS; Applications: High precision isotope ratio measurements using multiple collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry; Microwave plasma mass spectrometry; Diagnostic studies of flames by mass spectrometry; Glow discharge basics; Ion source geometries and mass analyzers in glow discharge mass spectrometry; Glow discharge applications: Conductors and semiconductors; Glow discharge applications: Radiofrequency glow discharges for insulators; Glow discharge applications: Nuclear; Control of fragmentation; Spark Source Mass Spectrometry (Spectrography); Electrospray ionization of metal species; Characterization of inorganic species in solution; Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry - SIMS; Sputtering and ionization basics; SIMS imaging; Imaging ion optics in SIMS; SIMS depth profiling; Secondary neutral mass spectrometry (SNMS); Subcellular imaging of cells and tissues with dynamic secondary ion mass spectrometry; Semi-conductors and microelectronics; Local analysis and imaging by mass spectrometry in nanotechnology; Earth sciences, isotope ratios, sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe; Secondary ion mass spectrometry of environmental particles; Characterization of environmental microparticles; Atmospheric aerosols; Elemental analysis of solids by laser ionization; Speciation analysis in solids by laser mass spectrometry; Laser ionization cluster sources and their applications; Positive Thermal Ions; Negative thermal ions; Geochemical; Nuclear; Nutritional and biomedical; Source and detector instrumentation; Analyzer instrumentation; Environmental applications of accelerator mass spectrometry; Biomedical applications of accelerator mass spectrometry; AMS and extraterrestrial applications; Accelerator mass spectrometry for radiocarbon research; Accelerator mass spectrometry in geophysics and geochemistry; Calutrons and isotope separation; Space exploration; Atmospheric studies by mass spectrometry; Forensic applications of inorganic mass spectrometry; Knudsen cell, high temperature mass spectrometry; Electron impact mass spectrometry of volatile metal chelates; The principles and characteristics of the IRMS instrument; Methods to prepare water as H2 for IRMS measurement of 2H; Continuous-flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry with an elemental analyzer: Oxidative approaches for carbon and nitrogen isotopes; Continuous-flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry with an elemental analyzer: Reductive approaches for hydrogen and oxygen isotopes; Gas Chromatography-Combustion-IRMS (GC-C-IRMS) for Carbon and Nitrogen; Gas Chromatography-Pyrolysis-IRMS (GC-P-IRMS) for Hydrogen and Oxygen; Liquid chromatography (LC) IRMS; Isotope reference materials; Measurement of sulfur isotopes; Variations of abundances of carbon isotopes in nature; Variations of abundances of nitrogen isotopes in nature; Variations of abundances of oxygen isotopes in nature; Variations of abundances of hydrogen isotopes in nature; Thermal ionization MS; ICP-MS; Isotope ratio measurements of atmospheric gases; Use of stable isotope ratio mass spectrometry to detect food adulteration and authenticate origin; Use of isotope effects in forensic analysis of microorganisms; Stable isotope analyses in the study of fish trophodynamics and aquatic food webs; Use of stable isotopes to study climate; Noble gas isotope ratio measurements in space; GC-C-IRMS of 13C; Gas Chromatography-Combustion-Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry Applied to Measuring Nitrogen-15 in Biomedicine; Doubly labeled water method to measure free living energy expenditure; Stable isotopes to model water dynamics in living cells; IRMS to detect doping in sports; In vivo calcium metabolism; In vivo trace metal metabolism: iron; In vivo trace metal metabolism: zinc