The Chlorophylls
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The Chlorophylls reviews developments in study of chlorophylls, and at the same time summarizes the state of knowledge in the more established areas of the physics, chemistry, and biology of chlorophylls. The book is organized into four sections. The first section deals with the chlorophylls as chemical entities, and treats their isolation, analysis, chemistry, and synthesis. The second concerns chlorophylls in real and colloidal solution and in the solid state in vitro, and includes the effects of aggregation on visible, infrared, and NMR spectral properties. The third section treats the biosynthesis, organization, and properties of chlorophylls in the plant and bacterial cell, and the fourth is concerned with the photochemical and photophysical behavior of chlorophylls in vitro and in vivo. It is hoped that this work will help those investigating selected aspects of chlorophyll to keep abreast of other methods and approaches, and will provide the interested scientist with a modern, conceptually organized treatment of the subject.
Table of Contents
List of Contributors
Preface
List of Abbreviations
Section I Isolation and Chemistry
1. The Chlorophylls—an Introductory Survey
I. Introduction
II. Chemical Structures
III. Function
References
2. Extraction, Separation, Estimation, and Isolation of the Chlorophylls
I. Basis of Interest in Analytical Methods
II. Nature of Chlorophylls
III. Individual Chlorophylls
IV. Desiderata for Estimation of Chlorophylls
V. Alteration Products
VI. Extraction of Chlorophylls
VII. Estimation of Chlorophylls
VIII. Preparation of Chlorophylls
References
3. The Structure and Chemistry of Functional Groups
I. General Aspects
II. Chemistry of Functional Groups
References
4. Recently Characterized Chlorophylls
I. Introduction
II. Chlorophyll d
III. Chlorobium Chlorophylls 650 and 660
IV. Chlorophyllide(s) c
V. Bacteriochlorophyll b
VI. Seed-Coat Protochlorophyll
VII. "P750" of Blue-Green Algae
VIII. "F698"
IX. Chlorophyll e
References
5. The Synthesis of Chlorophyll a
I. Introduction
II. Hans Fischer's Work on the Synthesis of Chlorophyll a
III. Woodward's Synthesis of Chlorophyll a
References
Section II Physical Properties in Solution and in Aggregates
6. Visible Absorption and Fluorescence of Chlorophyll and Its Aggregates in Solution
I. Absorption and Fluorescence Spectra of Monodisperse Chlorophylls and Pheophytins
II. Absorption and Fluorescence of Chlorophyll Aggregates
III. Fluorescence and Other Luminescence Properties of Chlorophylls and Analogs
References
7. Infrared and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of Chlorophyll
I. Introduction
II. Infrared Spectra
III. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectra
IV. Applications of Infrared and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
V. Concluding Remarks
References
8. Some Properties of Chlorophyll Monolayers and Crystalline Chlorophyll
I. Introduction
II. Chlorophyll Monolayers
III. Crystalline Chlorophyll
References
Section III State of the Chlorophylls in the Cell
9. Chloroplast Structure
I. Introduction
II. The Chloroplast as a Complete Photosynthetic System
III. Structure of Chloroplasts as Revealed by Light Microscopy
IV. Structure of Chloroplasts as Revealed by Electron Microscopy
V. Distribution of Function within Chloroplasts
References
10. The Procaryotic Photosynthetic Apparatus
I. Introduction
II. Structure
III. Control of Photopigment Synthesis
References
11. Spectral Characteristics of Chlorophyll in Green Plants
I. Introduction
II. Early Evidence for an "Inactive" Form of Chlorophyll a
III. Absorption Spectroscopy
IV. Two Photosynthetic Pigment Systems
V. Chlorophyll Transformation during Chloroplast Development
VI. Flourescence
VII. Orientation of Chlorophyll In Vivo
VIII. Conclusion
References
12. Absorption and Fluorescence Spectra of Bacterial Chlorophylls In Situ
I. Introduction
II. Bacteriochlorophylls
III. Chlorobium Chlorophylls
IV. Discussion
References
13. Chlorophyll-Protein Complexes
Part I. Complexes Derived from Green Plants
Part II. Complexes Derived from Green Photosynthetic Bacteria
Part III. Optical Rotatory Dispersion of Chlorophyll-Containing Particles from Green Plants and Photosynthetic Bacteria
14. Protochlorophyll
I. Introduction
II. Properties of Protochlorophyll
III. Protochlorophyll In Vivo
IV. Protochlorophyll Holochrome In Vitro
References
15. The Biosynthesis of Chlorophylls
I. Pathways in the Formation of Chlorophylls
II. The Control of Chlorophyll Metabolism
References
16. Distribution of the Chlorophylls
I. Introduction
II. Chlorophylls of Oxygen-Evolving Photosynthetic Organisms
III. Bacterial Chlorophylls
IV. Concluding Remarks
References
Section IV Photochemistry and Photophysics
17. Photochemistry of Chlorophylls In Vitro
I. Introduction
II. The Initiation of Photochemical Processes by Chlorophylls
III. Photochemical Reactions of Chlorophylls
References
18. Photochemistry of Chlorophyll In Vivo
I. Introduction
II. Photoreactions Associated with Pigment System I of Plants
III. Photoreactions Associated with Pigment System II
IV. Photoreactions Associated with the Bacterial Systems
V. Mechanism of Photochemical Reactions In Vivo
References
19. Physical Processes Involving Chlorophyll In Vivo
I. Photosynthetic Units: Light-Harvesting Pigments and Photochemical Reaction Centers
II. Mechanisms for the Transfer and Utilization of Energy Absorbed in Photosynthetic Tissues
III. The Significance of Light Emitted by Chlorophylls In Vivo
IV. Conclusions
References
Author Index
Subject Index
Product details
- No. of pages: 696
- Language: English
- Copyright: © Academic Press 1966
- Published: January 1, 1966
- Imprint: Academic Press
- eBook ISBN: 9781483267722