Surgery of the Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands

SECTION 1 Introduction
1 History of Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery
2 Applied Embryology of the Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands
3 Thyroid Physiology and Thyroid Function Testing
SECTION 2 Benign Thyroid Disease
4 Thyroiditis
5 Thyroglossal Duct Cysts and Ectopic Thyroid Tissue
6 Surgery of Cervical and Substernal Goiter
7 Approach to the Mediastinum: Transcervical, Transsternal, and Video-Assisted
8 Surgical Management of Hyperthyroidism
9 Reoperation for Benign Thyroid Disease

SECTION 3 Preoperative Evaluation
10 The Evaluation and Management of Thyroid Nodules
11 Fine-Needle Aspiration of the Thyroid Gland: The 2017 Bethesda System
12 Fine-Needle Aspiration and Molecular Analysis
13 Ultrasound of the Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands
14 Preoperative Radiographic Mapping of Nodal Disease for Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
15 Laryngeal Examination in Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery
16 Radiofrequency and Laser Ablation of Thyroid Nodules and Parathyroid Adenoma

SECTION 4 Thyroid Neoplasia
17 Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Incidence
18 Molecular Pathogenesis of Thyroid Neoplasia
19 Papillary Thyroid Cancer
20 Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma
21 Papillary Carcinoma Observation
22 Follicular Thyroid Cancer
23 Noninvasive Follicular Thyroid Neoplasm With Papillary-Like Nuclear Features (NIFTP)
24 Dynamic Risk Group Analysis and Staging for Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
25 H€urthle Cell Tumors of the Thyroid
26 Sporadic Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma
27 Syndromic Medullary Thyroid Cancer: MEN 2A and MEN 2B
28 Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer and Primary Thyroid Lymphoma
29 Pediatric Thyroid Cancer
30 Familial Nonmedullary Thyroid Cancer

SECTION 5 Thyroid and Neck Surgery
31 Principles in Thyroid Surgery
32 Robotic and Extracervical Approaches to the Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands
33 Transoral Thyroidectomy
34 Minimally Invasive Video-Assisted Thyroidectomy
35 Surgical Anatomy and Monitoring of the Superior Laryngeal Nerve
36 Surgical Anatomy and Monitoring of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve
37 Surgery for Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer: Larynx, Tracheal Invasion, and Esophageal
38 Central Neck Dissection: Indications and Technique
39 Lateral Neck Dissection: Indications and Technique
40 Incisions in Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery
41 Surgical Pathology of the Thyroid Gland

SECTION 6 Postoperative Considerations
42 Pathophysiology of Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injury
43 Management of Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Paralysis
44 Nonneural Complications of Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery
45 Quality Assessment in Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery
46 Ethics and Malpractice in Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery

SECTION 7 Postoperative Management
47 Postoperative Management of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
48 Postoperative Radioactive Iodine Ablation and Treatment of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
49 External Beam Radiotherapy for Thyroid Malignancy
50 Reoperative Thyroid Surgery
51 Nonsurgical Treatment of Thyroid Cysts, Nodules, Thyroid Cancer Nodal Metastases, and Hyperparathyroidism: The Role of Percutaneous Ethanol Injection
52 Medical Treatment Horizons for Metastatic Differentiated and Medullary Thyroid Cancer

SECTION 8 Parathyroid Surgery
53 Primary Hyperparathyroidism: Pathophysiology, Surgical Indications, and Preoperative Workup
54 Guide to Preoperative Parathyroid Localization Testing
55 Principles in Surgical Management of Primary Hyperparathyroidism
56 Standard Bilateral Parathyroid Exploration
57 Minimally Invasive Single Gland Parathyroid Exploration
58 Minimally Invasive Video-Assisted Parathyroidectomy
59 Intraoperative PTH Monitoring During Parathyroid Surgery
60 Surgical Management of Multiglandular Parathyroid Disease
61 Surgical Management of Secondary and Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
62 Parathyroid Management in the MEN Syndromes
63 Revision Parathyroid Surgery
64 Parathyroid Carcinoma
65 Surgical Pathology of the Parathyroid Glands