Structure

2nd Edition - January 1, 1972
Editor: Geoffrey Bourne
Language: English
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 1 6 1 8 0 - 0

The Biochemistry and Physiology of Bone, Second Edition: Volume I: Structure focuses on the nature and behavior of bone cells, the structure of the organic matrix of bone, mineral… Read more

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The Biochemistry and Physiology of Bone, Second Edition: Volume I: Structure focuses on the nature and behavior of bone cells, the structure of the organic matrix of bone, mineral organization, and bone strength. It explores the histology of bone, the pathological calcification and radiation effects on bone, particularly, the morphology and cytochemistry as well as the functional significance of osteoblasts, the mode of action of the osteoclast, the ultrastructure of bone, and the mechanical engineering problems presented by bone. Organized into nine chapters, this edition begins with an overview of the general histology of bone, including tissues related to bone and its elementary constituents. It then discusses the origin of osteoblasts, the role of the osteoclast in the mechanism whereby calcium is unlocked from the skeleton under the influence of the parathyroid hormone, and the physiological and pathological effects of vitamins and hormones on skeletal tissue in vitro. It also explains the chemical composition of bone and the chemistry of bone collagen, the relationship between bone mineral and the organic matrix, the macromolecular organization of apatite and collagen, and the examinations of bone by scanning electron microscopy. The book concludes with a chapter on the shape, strength, and elasticity of bone. This book is a valuable source of information for anatomists, orthopedists, biochemists, cell biologists, physiologists, biomedical engineers, pathologists, clinicians, graduate students, professors, and others interested in the biochemical and physiological aspects of bone.

List of Contributors

Preface to Second Edition

Preface to First Edition

Contents of Other Volumes

Chapter 1. General Histology of Bone

I. Introduction

II. Tissues Related to Bone

III. Elementary Constituents of Bone

IV. The Osteocytes V. Elementary Types of Bone

VI. Higher Organization of Bone

VII. Lamellation

VIII. "Membrane" and "Cartilage" Bone and Bones

IX. Evolution of Bone and Cartilage

References

Chapter 2. The Osteoblast

I. Introduction

II. General Morphology

III. Cytochemistry

IV. The Functional Significance of Osteoblasts

V. Origin of Osteoblasts

References

Chapter 3. The Osteoclast

I. Introduction

II. Appearance

III. Function

IV. Mode of Action

V. The Osteoclast and Parathyroid Hormone

VI. Origin, Life-span, and Fate

References

Chapter 4. Skeletal Tissue in Culture

I. Introduction

II. Historical Aspects

III. Techniques for the Growth of Skeletal Elements in Vitro

IV. Metabolism of Skeletal Tissue in Vitro

V. Physiological and Pathological Effects of Vitamins and Hormones on Skeletal Tissue in Vitro

VI. Effects of Miscellaneous Substances on Skeletal Tissue in Vitro

VII. Conclusions and Outlook

References

Chapter 5. The Organic Matrix of Bone

I. Introduction

II. The Chemical Composition of Bone

III. The Chemistry of Bone Collagen

IV. The Glycosaminoglycans (Acid Mucopolysaccharides) of Bone

V. The Glycoproteins of Bone

VI. The Lipids of Bone

VII. The Peptides of Bone

VIII. Molecular Interactions and Function

References

Chapter 6. The Ultrastructure of Bone

I. Introduction

II. The Organic Matrix of Bone

III. The Bone Mineral

IV. The Relationship between Mineral and Matrix

V. The Bone Cells

References

Chapter 7. Aspects of the Molecular Structure of Bone

I. Introduction

II. The Inorganic Phase of Bone

III. Macromolecular Organization of Apatite and Collagen

IV. Concluding Remarks

References

Chapter 8. Scanning Electron Microscope Studies of Bone

I. Introduction

II. The Scanning Electron Microscope

III. Preparation of Bone Specimen for the Scanning Electron Microscope

IV. Adult Bone

V. Fetal Bone

VI. Endochondral Ossification

VII. Characteristics of Fractured Surfaces

VIII. Discussion

References

Chapter 9. Bone as a Mechanical Engineering Problem

I. Introduction

II. Shape and Size

III. Growth of the Skull

IV. Cancellous Bone

V. Bone Strength

VI. Microstrength of Bone

VII. Hormonal Effects

VIII. Nervous Influences on Bone

IX. Strength of Healing Fractures

References

Author Index

Subject Index