Stress Responses of Photosynthetic Organisms

Molecular Mechanisms and Molecular Regulations

1st Edition - December 1, 1997
Editors: Kimiyuki Satoh, Norio Murata
Language: English
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 4 - 5 9 7 7 2 - 4

Sixteen topics from the results of the research project "Molecular Mechanisms for Responses of the Photosynthetic Apparatus to the Environment," are documented in this excellent… Read more

Stress Responses of Photosynthetic Organisms

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Sixteen topics from the results of the research project "Molecular Mechanisms for Responses of the Photosynthetic Apparatus to the Environment," are documented in this excellent and timely work.

Photosynthesis research has a long history in Japan, and many Japanese laboratories working in this field have been very active and productive. Based on the foundation established by these laboratories, the research reflected in this book focuses on elucidating the interactions between photosynthesis and the environment, with special emphasis on the molecular aspects of these interactions. The major purpose of the research was to identify specific genes required for (a) repair of the organisms from stress-induced damage to the photosynthetic machinery and (b) acclimation of photosynthetic processes to specific changes in environmental conditions. Once specific genes were identified, the effects of expression (and overexpression) of these genes in transgenic plants on acclimation processes were analyzed.

Through the analysis of transgenic plants and cyanobacteria, the volume clarifies a number of molecular mechanisms by which plants acclimate to environmental variations, and the factors that govern recovery from stress-induced damage, especially with respect to the photosynthetic apparatus.

A treatize on stress physiology and photosynthesis, the book also indicates the agricultural usefulness of transgenic plants and microalgae which are produced to study the molecular mechanisms of the tolerance of plants to changes in their environment.

Preface. Part One: Photooxidative Stresses. 1. Creation of photo-tolerant mutants of a cyanobacterium, Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, by in vitro random mutagenesis of the psbA gene (Kimiyuki Satoh). 2. Photorespiration is an essential mechanism for the protection of C3 plants from photooxidation (Go Takeba, Akiko Kozaki). 3. Molecular mechanism for relaxation of and protection from light stress (Kozi Asada, Tsuyoshi Endo, Junichi Mano, Chikahiro Miyake). 4. Gene structures and expression control of active oxygen scavenging enzymes in rice (Kunisuke Tanaka). 5. Photooxidative stress sensitivity of transgenic plants containing altered levels of active oxygen scavenging enzymes (Kiyoshi Tanaka, Takao lgarashi, Mitsuko Aono, Akihiro Kubo). Part Two: High and Low Temperature Stresses. 6. Molecular chaperones and temperature stress (Mikio Nishimura). 7. Molecular mechanisms of the low-temperature tolerance of the photosynthetic machinery (Norio Murata and Yoshitaka Nishiyama). Part Three: Salt, Ionic and Drought Stresses. 8. Glycinebetaine and the genetic engineering of salinity tolerance in plants (Tetsuko Takabe, Toshihide Nakamura, Mika Nomura,Yasuyuki Hayashi, Manabu Ishitani, Yasunori Muramoto, Akira Tanaka and Teruhiro Takabe). 9. Genetically engineered enhancement of salt tolerance in higher plants (Hidenori Hayashi and Norio Murata). 10. Molecular responses to drought stress (Kazuo Shinozaki and Kazuko Yamaguchi-Shinozaki). Part Four: Acclimation to Nutrient Supplies. 11. Nitrogen-responsive expression of C4 photosynthesis genes in maize (Tatsuo Sugiyama). 12. Molecular mechanisms of CO2 concentration and proton extrusion in cyanobacteria (Teruo Ogawa, Akira Katoh and Masatoshi Sonoda).13. Transcriptional and post-translational regulation of nitrate utilization in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. Strain PCC 7942 (Tatsuo Omata). 14. Molecular aspects of sulfur assimilation and acclimation to sulfur supply in plants (Kazuki Saito). 15. Molecular mechanism of the metabolism of nitrogen dioxide as an alternative fertilizer in plants (Hiromichi Morikawa, Misa Takahashi and Kohei Irifune). 16. Acclimation and signal transduction in response to phosphate limitation in a cyanobacterium, Synechococcus PCC 7942 (Takeshi Mizuno). Index.