Spinal Cord Injury, An Issue of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America

1st Edition, Volume 31-3 - July 13, 2020
Editor: John L. Lin
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 7 5 6 3 9 - 6
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 7 5 6 4 0 - 2

This issue of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics, guest edited by Drs. John L. Lin, will discuss a number of important topics around Spinal Cord Injury. This issue of one… Read more

Spinal Cord Injury, An Issue of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America

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This issue of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics, guest edited by Drs. John L. Lin, will discuss a number of important topics around Spinal Cord Injury. This issue of one of four issues selected each year by series Consulting Editor, Santos Martinez. Topics discussed in this issue include, but are not limited to: Updates for the International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury, Approaching Prognosis for Recovery after SCI, Cognitive Dysfunction in Persons with Spinal Cord Injuries, Spinal Cord Injury Pain: updated for the 21st century, Pulmonary management in patients with spinal cord injury, Therapeutic interventions to improve mobility with spinal cord injury related upper motor neuron syndromes, Neurogenic bowel management using trans-anal irrigation by persons with spinal cord injury, Heterotopic Ossification: beyond etidronate, Orthopedic Surgical Management of Upper Extremity Dysfunctions in Pediatric Populations with Spinal Cord injury, and Vocational Rehab and employment after spinal cord injury, among others.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Contributors
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America
Foreword
Preface
Neurogenic Bowel Management Using Transanal Irrigation by Persons with Spinal Cord Injury
Key points
Introduction
What happened next?
Spinalis
Low attention to neurogenic bowel
Pathophysiology of the neurogenic bowel
Neurogenic bowel in real life
Bowel management interventions pyramid
The Claes Hultling technique
When is it appropriate to start using transanal irrigation?
The transanal irrigation method
How to use transanal irrigation
Antegrade colonic irrigation/enema
Sacral anterior root stimulator
Future directions
Updates of the International Standards for Neurologic Classification of Spinal Cord Injury: 2015 and 2019
Key points
Introduction
2015 updates to the International Standards for Neurologic Classification of Spinal Cord Injury
2019 revisions of the International Standards for Neurologic Classification of Spinal Cord Injury
International Standards for Neurologic Classification of Spinal Cord Injury revisions in the research setting
Summary
Predicting Outcomes After Spinal Cord Injury
Key points
Case 1
Case 2
Introduction
Assessing severity of injury after traumatic spinal cord injury
Relationship between timing of assessment and prognosis
Special factors that have an impact on functional/neurologic recovery
General trends in natural recovery after traumatic spinal cord injury
Complete spinal cord injury: conversion of complete to incomplete
Special features of recovery in complete tetraplegia
Special features of recovery in complete paraplegia
Sensory incomplete, motor complete (American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale B) spinal cord injury
Motor incomplete (American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale C and D) spinal cord injury
Determinants of walking after spinal cord injury
Role of imaging for prognosis and functional recovery
Discussing prognosis
Case review
Summary
Cognitive Dysfunction in Persons with Chronic Spinal Cord Injuries
Key points
Introduction
Cognitive dysfunction in individuals with chronic spinal cord injury
Proposed mechanisms of cognitive dysfunction in individuals with spinal cord injury
Significance of cognitive dysfunction for individuals with spinal cord injury
Treatment of cognitive dysfunction in individuals with spinal cord injury
Summary
Management Strategies for Spinal Cord Injury Pain Updated for the Twenty-First Century
Key points
Introduction
Pharmacologic
Summary
Conventional Respiratory Management of Spinal Cord Injury
Key points
Pathophysiology
Evaluation
Conventional interventions
Phrenic nerve pacing
Sleep-disordered breathing
Acute patient assessment and management
Tracheostomy
Decannulation
Tracheostomy management outcomes
Quality of life
Noninvasive Respiratory Management of Spinal Cord Injury
Key points
Noninvasive interventions
Noninvasive ventilatory support
Acute patient assessment and management
Cardiometabolic Disease and Dysfunction Following Spinal Cord Injury: Origins and Guideline-Based Countermeasures
Key points
Cardioendocrine disease
Definition and surveillance of cardiometabolic syndrome
Lifestyle intervention
Alternative interventions for cardiometabolic syndrome risks
Bariatric surgery for cardiometabolic disease risk
Summary
Therapeutic Interventions to Improve Mobility with Spinal Cord Injury Related Upper Motor Neuron Syndromes
Key points
Introduction
Restoration of walking function after spinal cord injury
Wheeled mobility
Summary
Nerve and Tendon Transfers After Spinal Cord Injuries in the Pediatric Population: Clinical Decision Making and Rehabilitation Strategies to Optimize Function
Key points
Patient selection and timing of referral
Surgical considerations
Outcomes
Summary
Hand Reconstruction in Children with Spinal Cord Injury
Key points
Introduction
Nonoperative management
Surgical management
Outcomes
Summary
30 Years After the Americans with Disabilities Act: Perspectives on Employment for Persons with Spinal Cord Injury
Key points
Introduction
Employment as a part of spinal cord injury rehabilitation
Employment and spinal cord injury: comparison with the general population, 1996 to 2015
Health care implications
Vocational rehabilitation for persons with spinal cord injury: state of the art
Foundational principles in state-of-the-art vocational rehabilitation
Models of effective employment services in spinal cord injury rehabilitation
Early intervention: a window of possibility
Summary