Speech and Language

Advances in Basic Research and Practice

1st Edition, Volume 1 - September 28, 1979
Editor: Norman J. Lass
Language: English
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 1 - 4 8 3 2 - 1 9 8 9 - 9

Speech and Language: Volume 1, Advances in Basic Research and Practice is a compendium of papers that discusses the processes and pathologies of, as well as applies theories and… Read more

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Speech and Language: Volume 1, Advances in Basic Research and Practice is a compendium of papers that discusses the processes and pathologies of, as well as applies theories and clinical issues to, speech and language. Some papers discuss perception of speech in early infancy, the problems faced by speech clinicians, and the anatomy of the perioral motor system. Based on data compiled on the infant's perception of speech sounds, one paper notes that human infants discriminate depending on fine temporal and frequency changes in a complex auditory array. Infants also show perceptual constraints while listening to speech characterized as adult- like; they are also predisposed to perceive certain speech-sound categories such as vowel and fricative categories. One paper examines the suggestion of Kent (1976) that "acoustic characteristics of children's speech...hold the promise of sensitive methods for the study of speech maturation and developmental disorders." This investigation involves the following: the recent attempts at multidimensional analyses of speech and perception; a measure of perceptual contrast; and results of feature comparison efforts. The compendium is well suited for linguists, ethnologists, psychologists, and researchers whose works involve linguistics, language learning, communications, and syntax.

List of Contributors

Preface

The Perception of Speech in Early Infancy

I. The Speech Perception Process: Three Instructive Exercises

II. Models of the Perceptual Process

III. The Perception of Speech Sounds by Infants

IV. Comments on Issues in Infant Speech Perception

V. Beyond the Data: Understanding the Nature and Origins of Early Predispositions Toward Speech and Language

VI. Applying Basic Science Findings to Early Diagnosis of Speech and Language Disorders

VII. Directions for the Future

VIII. Summary and Conclusions

References

Acoustic-Perceptual Methods for Evaluation of Defective Speech

I. A General Background and Rationale

II. Acoustic Phonetics and the Clinic: Some Suggestions

III. Summary and Some Concluding Statements

References

Linguistic and Motor Aspects of Stuttering

I. Introduction

II. Linguistic Determinants of Stuttering

III. Motor Determinants of Stuttering

IV. Linguistic and Motor Models of Stuttering

V. Stuttering Therapy Approaches Involving Linguistic and Motor Awareness

VI. Linguistic and Motor Aspects of Stuttering: Current Status and Future Directions

References

Anatomic Studies of the Perioral Motor System: Foundations for Studies in Speech Physiology

I. A Rationale for Anatomic Investigation of the Perioral Musculature

II. Characteristics of the Perioral Muscles

III. Cadaveric Material

IV. Qualitative Descriptions: Line Tracings of Perioral Muscle Topology (Study 1)

V. Quantitative Descriptions: Direct Measures of Perioral Muscle Topology (Study 2)

VI. Empirical Validation of Electrode Placements Recommended for the Perioral Muscles (Study 3)

VII. A Set of Preliminary Specifications for Electrode Placements in the Perioral Muscles

VIII. Conclusions

Appendix A: Specimen Specifications

Appendix B: Surface Landmark Measures

Appendix C: Tabulated Results

References

Acoustic Characteristics of Normal and Pathological Voices

I. Auditory and Visual Methods

II. Acoustic Symptoms of Laryngeal Pathology

III. Acoustic Techniques for Voice Analysis

IV. Voice Profiles

V. Statistical Analysis of Normal and Pathological Data

VI. Quantitative Assessment of Voice Therapy

VII. Summary and Future Investigations

Appendix A: Linear Model of Voiced Speech Production

Appendix B: Computer Program for Acoustic Analysis

References

Synergy: Toward a Model of Language

I. Historical Approaches to the Study of Language

II. Synergy of Language: A Rationale

III. Evidence for Synergistic Relationships

IV. Discussion and Implications

References

Subject Index