Special Distillation Processes

Special Distillation Processes, Second Edition focuses on the latest developments in the field, such as separation methods that may prove useful for solving problems encountered during research. Topics include extraction, membrane and adsorption distillation involving the separation principle, process design and experimental techniques. The relationship between processes and techniques are also presented. Comprehensive and easy-to-read, this book provides key information needed to understand processes. It will be a valuable reference source for chemical engineers and students wishing to branch out in chemical engineering.

• Provides the only comprehensive book available on special distillation processes
• Contains a thorough introduction to recent developments in the field
• Presents a valuable reference for students, academics and engineers in chemical engineering

Chemical engineers and scientists in research
teachers, third and fourth year college students and first year graduates in chemical engineering

Contents

Chapter 1. Thermodynamic fundamentals

1. Predictive molecular thermodynamic models

1. COSMO-based models
2. UNIFAC-based models
3. COSMO-UNIFAC models

2. Vapor-liquid phase equilibrium

1. Equilibrium ratio
2. Liquid-phase activity coefficients

3. Vapor-liquid-liquid phase equilibrium
4. Salt effect
5. Nonequilibrium Thermodynamic analysis
6. Multi-component mass transfer

References

1. Introduction
2. Process of extractive distillation

1. Column sequence
2. Combination with other separation processes
3. Tray configuration
4. Operation policy

3. Solvent of extractive distillation

1. Extractive distillation with solid salt
2. Extractive distillation with liquid solvent
3. Extractive distillation with the combination of liquid solvent and solid salt
4. Extractive distillation with ionic liquids

4. Experimental techniques of extractive distillation

1. Direct method
2. Gas-liquid chromatography method
3. Ebulliometric method
4. Inert gas stripping and gas chromatography method

5. CAMD of extractive distillation

1. CAMD for screening solvents
2. Other methods for screening solvents

6. Theory of extractive distillation

1. Prausnitz and Anderson theory
2. Scaled particle theory
3. Anion effect

7. Mathematical models of extractive distillation

1. EQ stage model
2. NEQ stage model

References

Chapter 3. Azeotropic distillation

1. Introduction

2. Separation principle

3. Entrainer selection

4. Mathematical models

4.1. Graphical method

4.2. EQ and NEQ stage models

4.3. Multiple steady-state analysis

5. Industrial applications

References

1. Fixed-bed catalytic distillation

1. FCD advantages
2. Hardware structures
3. Mathematical models

2. Suspension catalytic distillation
3. Catalytic distillation with dividing wall column

References

1. Fixed-bed adsorption distillation

1. Introduction
2. Thermodynamic interpretation
3. Comparison of FAD and extractive distillation

2. Suspension adsorption distillation

1. Introduction
2. Thermodynamic interpretation

3. New development on adsorptive absorption

References

1. Introduction
2. Separation principle

1. MD phenomenon
2. Definition of MD process
3. Membrane characteristics
4. Membrane wetting
5. MD configurations
6. MD advantages

3. Transport process

1. Heat transfer
2. Mass transfer
3. Mechanism of gas transport in porous medium
4. Characteristics of porous membrane

4. Mathematical models

1. Mathematical models of DCMD
2. Performance analysis of DCMD
3. Mathematical models of VMD
4. Performance analysis of VMD
5. Mathematical models of AGMD
6. Performance analysis of AGMD

5. Module performance

1. Performance of flat sheet membrane module
2. Performance of hollow fibre membrane module

6. Industrial applications

1. Desalination
2. Concentration of aqueous solution
3. Separation of volatile components

References

1. Introduction

1. Separation principle
2. Operation modes

2. Design of PDS

1. Column sequence
2. Column number

3. Comparison among different special distillation processes

References

1. High viscosity materials distillation

1. Introduction
2. CFD design of high-efficiency flow-guided sieve tray
3. Industrial application of high-efficiency flow-guided sieve tray

2. Thermally coupled distillation

1. Introduction
2. Design and synthesis of TCD
3. Application of TCD in special distillation processes

3. Heat pump and multi-effect distillations
4. Molecular distillation

References

Index