Skeletal Trauma of the Upper Extremity

1st Edition - July 22, 2021
Editors: Grant E. Garrigues, Marc J. Richard, Mark J. Gage
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 7 6 1 8 0 - 2
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 7 6 1 8 1 - 9

From the sternoclavicular joint to the distal phalanx, Skeletal Trauma of the Upper Extremity is a practical, one-volume resource covering all aspects of upper limb trauma an… Read more

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From the sternoclavicular joint to the distal phalanx, Skeletal Trauma of the Upper Extremity is a practical, one-volume resource covering all aspects of upper limb trauma and surgery. Comprehensive in scope, it features a multidisciplinary, step-by-step approach to evaluation and management, including concise background information and a detailed focus on practical points and surgical techniques. Written by global experts in traumatology, sports medicine, shoulder, elbow, and hand surgery, this richly illustrated guide brings you into the operating room with leaders in the field.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Dedication
Contributors
Foreword
Introduction
Section 1. Clavicle
1. Sternoclavicular Joint Dislocations
Relevant Anatomy
Biomechanics
Pathoanatomy
Summary
2. Technique Spotlight: Allograft Stabilization of the Sternoclavicular Joint
Authors’ Preferred Surgical Technique: Figure-of-Eight Sternoclavicular Joint Reconstruction Using Autograft Tendon
3. Technique Spotlight: Sternal Docking Technique for Sternoclavicular Joint Instability
Indications
4. Medial Clavicle Fractures
Relevant Anatomy
Evaluation
Classification
Treatment Options
5. Technique Spotlight: Medial Hook Plate
Indications
6. Midshaft Clavicle Fractures
Introduction
Relevant Anatomy
Pathoanatomy
Classification
Treatment Options
Techniques
Relevant Complications
Review of Treatment Outcomes
7. Technique Spotlight: ORIF Midshaft Clavicle Fracture with Plate and Screws
Indications
Technique
8. Technique Spotlight: Intramedullary Fixation of Clavicle Fractures
Introduction
Indications
Preoperative Evaluation
Positioning and Equipment
Technique Description
9. Distal Clavicle Fractures
Introduction
Relevant Anatomy/Pathoanatomy
Classification
Treatment: Nonoperative
Treatment: Operative
Outcomes
Summary
10. Technique Spotlight: Hook Plate Fixation Technique for Displaced Distal Clavicle Fractures
Indications
Positioning and Equipment
11. Technique Spotlight: Arthoscopic-Assisted Reduction and Internal Fixation of Distal Clavicle Fractures
Indications
Preoperative Evaluation
Technique
12. The Acromioclavicular Joint: Anatomy, Injury, Pathoanatomy, and Treatment Options
Pathoanatomy
Classification
Clinical Evaluation
Radiographic Evaluation
Management of Acute Acromioclavicular Joint Injuries
Management of Chronic Acromioclavicular Joint Injuries
Treatment Options
Acromioclavicular Joint Reduction and Internal Fixation
Acromioclavicular Joint Reconstruction
Complications
Author’s Preferred Approach
Summary
13. Technique Spotlight: Arthroscopically Assisted Stabilization for Acute and Chronic High-Grade Acromioclavicular Joint Dislocations
Indications
Preoperative Evaluation
Arthroscopically Assisted Low-Profile Stabilization for Acute AC Joint Dislocations
Arthroscopically Assisted Low-Profile Stabilization for Chronic AC Joint Dislocations
Aftercare
14. Technique Spotlight: Anatomic Coracoclavicular Ligament Reconstruction
Indications
Contraindications
Graft Preparation
Clavicle Preparation
Postoperative Care
Complications
Section 2. Scapula
15. The Scapula—Body, Glenoid and Process Fractures
Introduction
Shoulder Anatomy and Biomechanics
Mechanism of Injury, Concomitant Injuries, and Pathomechanics
Evaluation
Diagnosis and Classification
Management
Nonoperative Treatment Outcomes
Conclusions
16. Technique Spotlight: ORIF Scapula
Introduction
Preoperative Evaluation
Surgical Techniques
17. The Superior Shoulder Suspensory Complex, Floating Shoulder Injuries, and Other Segmental Injuries to the Shoulder Girdle
Introduction
Anatomy and Pathoanatomy—Historical Evolution of an Injury Definition
Quantifying Injury Severity and Outcomes in Floating Shoulder Injuries
Treatment Options
Systematic Reviews and Primary Literature Table
18. Scapulothoracic Dissociation
Introduction
Relevant Anatomy
Pathoanatomy
Classification
Treatment Options
Relevant Complications
Review of Current Treatment Outcomes
Section 3. Glenohumeral Joint Instability
19. Anterior Glenohumeral Instability: Evaluation and Decision-Making
Introduction
Pathophysiology
Patient Evaluation
Natural History and Nonoperative Management
Operative Management
Revision Operative Management
Summary and Clinical Decision-Making
Conclusion
20. Technique Spotlight: Arthroscopic Labral Repair: Anterior and Posterior
Introduction
Labral Repair
Postoperative Protocol
Summary
21. Technique Spotlight: Technical Aspects of the Arthroscopic Remplissage
Introduction
Indications
Technical Keys
Anchor Placement
Conclusion
22. Technique Spotlight: Arthroscopic Latarjet
Indications for Arthroscopic Latarjet
Poor Capsular Tissue
Technique for the Arthroscopic Latarjet
Complications and Management
23. Posterior Shoulder Instability
Introduction
Pathoanatomy
Classification
Physical Examination
Imaging
Treatment Options and Approaches
Relevant Complications
Review of Treatment Outcomes
Conclusion
24. Technique Spotlight: Open Reduction and Bone Grafting of Reverse Hill-Sachs Lesions
Indications
Preoperative Evaluation
Positioning and Equipment
Surgical Technique
Disimpaction of Reverse Hill-Sachs
Postoperative Care
Section 4. Proximal Humerus
25. Treatment Algorithm for Proximal Humerus Fractures
Introduction
Anatomy
Classification
Management
The Development of the Treatment Algorithm
Results of Version 1.0
Consequences and Conclusions
Conclusion
26. Technique Spotlight: Nonoperative Rehabilitation for Proximal Humeral Fractures
27. Technique Spotlight: ORIF Proximal Humerus Fracture with Deltopectoral Approach
Indications
Preoperative Evaluation
Postoperative Care
28. Technique Spotlight: ORIF Proximal Humerus Fracture with IMN
Intramedullary Fixation for Proximal Humerus Fractures
Detailed Technique Description
29. Technique Spotlight: RSA for Fracture
Preoperative Examination
Detailed Technique Description
30. Technique Spotlight: Endosteal Allograft for Complex Proximal Humerus Fracture Reconstruction
Indications
Section 5. Humeral Shaft
31. Humeral Shaft Fractures
Introduction
Relevant Anatomy
Classification
Treatment Options
Indications for Surgical Treatment
Surgical Approaches
Relevant Complications
Review of Treatment Outcomes
32. Technique Spotlight: Radial Nerve Identification in the Upper Extremity
33. Technique Spotlight: Nonoperative Management of Humeral Shaft Fractures
Indications
Techniques
34. Technique Spotlight: Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis in Humeral Shaft Fractures
Indications
Preoperative Evaluation
Positioning and Equipment
Technique11,16
35. Technique Spotlight: Intramedullary Fixation for Midshaft Humerus Fractures
Indications
Preoperative Evaluation (Imaging, Examination, etc.)
Technique
Section 6. Distal Humerus
36. Adult Distal Humerus Fractures
Introduction
Relevant Anatomy
Pathoanatomy
Surgical Approaches
37. Technique Spotlight: Principle-Based Internal Fixation of Distal Humerus Fractures
Indications
Preoperative Evaluation
38. Technique Spotlight: Total Elbow Arthroplasty for Distal Humerus Fracture
Introduction
Setup and Positioning
Technique
Approach
Section 7. Elbow
39. Traumatic Elbow Ligamentous Injury
Introduction
Anatomy
Diagnosis and Imaging
Pathlogy
Posteromedial Rotatory Instability
40. Technique Spotlight: Lateral Ulnar Collateral Ligament Repair
Introduction
Indications
Arthroscopic Repair
Open Technique
Postoperative Management
41. Technique Spotlight: Reconstruction of the Lateral Ulnar Collateral Ligament
Indications
Preoperative Evaluation
Surgical Technique
Postoperative Care
42. Technique Spotlight: Ulnar Collateral Ligament Reconstruction
Introduction
Surgically Relevant Anatomy and Biomechanics
Surgical Indications
Technique
Postoperative Rehabilitation
Outcomes and Return to Play
43. Technique Spotlight: Static, Hinged, and Internal Elbow Joint Fixators
Indications
Preoperative Evaluation
Specific Fixator Techniques
44. Isolated Radial Head/Neck Fractures
Introduction
Anatomy and Biomechanics
Pathoanatomy
Physical Examination
Classification
Treatment Options
Review of Treatment Outcomes
45. Technique Spotlight: ORIF Radial Head and Neck
Indications
Preoperative Evaluation
Postoperative Rehabilitation
46. Technique Spotlight: Radial Head Arthroplasty
Indications
Preoperative Evaluation
Postoperative Rehabilitation
47. Coronoid Fractures and the Terrible Triad: An Algorithm for Successful Management
Relevant Anatomy
Coronoid Fractures
Terrible Triad Injuries
48. Technique Spotlight: Terrible Triad Injuries
Preoperative Evaluation
Positioning and Equipment
Surgical Technique
49. Technique Spotlight: ORIF Medial Coronoid Fracture
Indications
Preoperative Evaluation (Imaging, Examination, etc.)
50. Technique Spotlight: Approach to Chronic Elbow Instability
Indications
Preoperative Evaluation
Technique
51. Proximal Ulna Fractures and Fracture-Dislocations—Monteggia and Beyond
Introduction
Relevant Osseous Anatomy
Pathoanatomy
Classification
Treatment Options
Surgical Treatment
Surgical Approach
Postoperative Management
Relevant Complications
Treatment Outcomes
52. Technique Spotlight: Parallel Plating of Olecranon Fractures
Indications
Surgical Technique
53. Technique Spotlight: ORIF with Intramedullary Screw Fixation
Indications
Preoperative Evaluation
54. Technique Spotlight: Anterior (Trans-olecranon) Olecranon Fracture-Dislocation
Indications
Preoperative Evaluation
Technique
55. Technique Spotlight: ORIF Monteggia Fractures
Introduction
Indications
Preoperative Evaluation
Surgical Technique
Postoperative Care and Management
Section 8. Forearm and Wrist
56. Essex-Lopresti—When Do All Three Levels Require Attention?
History
Anatomy and Biomechanics
Pathomechanics
Diagnosis
Classification
Treatment
Outcomes
57. Technique Spotlight: Interosseous Membrane Reconstruction
Indications
Preoperative Evaluation
Detailed Technique Description of Treatment of Chronic ELI
58. Radial and Ulnar Shaft Fractures: Choice of Approach, Nails vs. Plates, Compression Tips and Tricks
Relevant Anatomy
Pathoanatomy
Classification
Treatment Options
Indications for Surgical Treatment
Surgical Approaches and Techniques
59. Technique Spotlight: ORIF of Both Bones Forearm Fractures—Approaches
Indications
Preoperative Evaluation (Imaging, Examination, Etc.)
Surgical Technique Description
60. Distal Radius Fractures
Introduction
Relevant Anatomy
Evaluation
Nonoperative Treatment
Operative Treatment
Postoperative Rehabilitation
Outcomes
The Older Patient
Summary
61. Technique Spotlight: ORIF of Intra-Articular Distal Radius Fractures—Volar Approach
Introduction
Indications
Preoperative Evaluation
Technique
62. Technique Spotlight: Dorsal Plating for Distal Radius Fractures
Indications
Preoperative Assessment
63. Technique Spotlight: Fragment Specific Options for Distal Radius Fractures
Introduction
Advantages of Fragment-Specific Fixation
Radiographic Considerations
General Principles for Fragment-Specific Fixation
64. Technique Spotlight: Bridge Plating for Distal Radius Fractures
Indications
Preoperative Evaluation
65. Distal Radioulnar Joint Instability and Galeazzi Fractures
Introduction
Relevant Anatomy
Pathoanatomy
Classifications
Presentation and Evaluation
Treatment Options
Surgical Options
Relevant Complications
Review of Treatment Outcomes
Summary
66. Technique Spotlight: ORIF of Galeazzi Fracture-Dislocations
Indications
Preoperative Evaluation
67. Technique Spotlight: Tips and Tricks for Predicting Which Radial Shaft Fractures Will Be Unstable; Repair Options for the DRUJ/TFCC After Radial Fixation
Indications
Preoperative and Intraoperative Evaluation
Postoperative Rehabilitation
68. Radiocarpal Dislocations and Fracture Dislocation
Introduction
Relevant Anatomy
Pathoanatomy
Classification
Treatment Options/Indications for Surgical Treatment
Arthroscopy
Conclusion
69. Technique Spotlight: Dumontier Type 1 vs. Type 2; When and How to Fix the Radial Styloid Fragment; Neutralization Device Options
Volar Approach
Dorsal Approach
Case Example
Section 9. Hand and Digits
70. Scaphoid Fractures
Relevant Anatomy
Pathoanatomy
Classification
Diagnosis
Treatment Options
Relevant Complications
Review of Treatment Outcomes
71. Technique Spotlight: Scaphoid Fractures—Volar vs. Dorsal, Open vs. Percutaneous; Bone Graft Options
Volar Percutaneous Technique
Dorsal Percutaneous Technique
Dorsal Mini-Open Technique
Arthroscopically Assisted ORIF
Volar ORIF: Compression Screw
Dorsal ORIF: Compression Screw
72. Perilunate and Lunate Dislocations
Introduction
Anatomy
Pathoanatomy of Perilunate Injuries
Classification
Diagnosis
Treatment Options
Surgical Approaches
Review of Treatment Outcomes
Conclusion
73. Technique Spotlight: Open Reduction and Repair of Perilunate Injuries
Indications
Preoperative Evaluation
74. Metacarpal Fractures
Introduction
Relevant Anatomy
Pathoanatomy
Classification
Treatment Options
Relevant Complications
Review of Treatment Outcomes
75. Metacarpal Fractures—Pins vs. Plates vs. Intramedullary Devices—When and How
Indications for Surgical Treatment
Preoperative Evaluation (Imaging, Examination, etc.)
Detailed Technique Description
76. Technique Spotlight: Volar vs. Dorsal Approaches for Metacarpophalangeal Joint Dislocations
Indications
Preoperative Evaluation
77. Metacarpophalangeal Joint Dislocations
Introduction
Relevant Anatomy
Classification
Pathoanatomy
Treatment Options
Indications for Surgical Treatment
Surgical Approaches
Relevant Complications
Review of Treatment Outcomes
Summary
78. Phalanx Fractures
Introduction
Relevant Anatomy
Pathoanatomy/Classification
Treatment Options and Operative Indications
Operative Techniques
Surgical Approaches
Relevant Complications
79. Technique Spotlight: Phalanx Fractures—Pins vs. Screws vs. Plates—When and How
Diaphyseal Fractures of the Proximal and Middle Phalanx
Condylar Fractures of the Proximal Phalanx
Fractures of the Distal Phalanx
80. Proximal Interphalangeal Joint Dislocations
Introduction
Relevant Anatomy
Pathoanatomy and Classifications
Treatment Options
Indications for Surgery
Surgical Approaches
Relevant Complications
Review of Treatment Outcomes
Summary
81. Technique Spotlight: ORIF vs. Extension Block Pinning vs. Dynamic External Fixation for Proximal Interphalangeal Joint Dislocations
Introduction
Extension Block Pinning
ORIF and Hemihamate Arthroplasty
Dynamic External Fixation
Conclusion
Index

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Grant E. Garrigues

Marc J. Richard

Mark J. Gage