Sex and Gender Bias in Technology and Artificial Intelligence

Sex and Gender Bias in Technology and Artificial Intelligence: Biomedicine and Healthcare Applications details the integration of sex and gender as critical factors in innovative technologies (artificial intelligence, digital medicine, natural language processing, robotics) for biomedicine and healthcare applications. By systematically reviewing existing scientific literature, a multidisciplinary group of international experts analyze diverse aspects of the complex relationship between sex and gender, health and technology, providing a perspective overview of the pressing need of an ethically-informed science. The reader is guided through the latest implementations and insights in technological areas of accelerated growth, putting forward the neglected and overlooked aspects of sex and gender in biomedical research and healthcare solutions that leverage artificial intelligence, biosensors, and personalized medicine approaches to predict and prevent disease outcomes. The reader comes away with a critical understanding of this fundamental issue for the sake of better future technologies and more effective clinical approaches.

• First comprehensive title addressing the topic of sex and gender biases and artificial intelligence applications to biomedical research and healthcare
• Co-published by the Women’s Brain Project, a leading non-profit organization in this area
• Guides the reader through important topics like the Generation of Clinical Data, Clinical Trials, Big Data Analytics, Digital Biomarkers, Natural Language Processing

Researchers, advanced graduate students, bioengineers, digital therapeutic product developers, and clinicians in the fields of neuroscience, psychiatry, biomedicine, and computer science. Regulators and policy makers

1. Introducing Women’s Brain Project towards a fair and personalized approach to human health in the era of data-driven medicine
Maria Teresa Ferretti, Antonella Santuccione Chadha, Simona Mellino

Section 1. Sex and gender differences and Precision Medicine
2. Implications of sex-specific differences on clinical studies of human health
Janet Pinero, Frances-Catherine Quevenco, Laura Furlong, Emre Guney
3. Sex and gender differences and Precision Medicine
Nataly Buslon, Sandra Racionero, Atia Cortés

Section 2. Biases in innovative technologies for Biomedicine and Health
4. Bias and fairness in machine learning and artificial intelligence
Davide Cirillo, Maria Jose Rementeria
5. Big Data in healthcare from a sex/gender perspective
Laia Subirats, Gemma Piella
6. Biases in digital biomarkers and Mobile Health
Simona Mellino, Czuee Morey, Colin Rohner
7. Sex and Gender bias in Natural Language Processing
Davide Cirillo, Hila Gonen, Enrico Santus, Alfonso Valencia, Marta R. Costa-jussà, Marta Villegas
8. Sex and gender differences in Invasive and non invasive neurotechnologies
Laura Dubreuil Vall, Tracy Laabs, Harris Eyre, Erin Smith, Silvina Catuara-Solarz
9. Robots and Affective technologies
Nikolaos Mavridis

Section 3. Towards Precision Technology
10. A unified framework for the management of sex and gender biases in Healthcare
Silvina Catuara-Solarz, Giovanni Maffei, Federico Lucchesi, Roberto Confalonieri
11. Privacy Preserving technologies
Ladina Caduff, Cornelia Kutterer, Spyridon Papasotiriou
12. Ethics and Society
Atia Cortes, Nataly Buslon, Liliana Arroyo