Search and Discovery

A Tribute to Albert Szent-Györgyi

1st Edition - January 1, 1977
Editor: Benjamin Kaminer
Language: English
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 1 - 4 8 3 2 - 7 4 5 5 - 3

Search and Discovery: Tribute to Albert Szent-Györgyi is dedicated to Albert Szent-Györgyi and stems from a Symposium, ""Search and Discovery,"" held in his honor at Boston… Read more

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Search and Discovery: Tribute to Albert Szent-Györgyi is dedicated to Albert Szent-Györgyi and stems from a Symposium, ""Search and Discovery,"" held in his honor at Boston University School of Medicine. Szent-Györgyi, born in Budapest on September 16, 1893, established the Institute for Muscle Research at the Marine Biological Laboratory in 1947. His influence and impact extend beyond the confines of the laboratory. Throughout his life he was intensely concerned with the serious problems of mankind. He opposed Hitler and Stalin, and was outspoken against the involvement of the U.S. Government in the Vietnam War. Starting with recollections of Albert Szent-Györgyi by John T. Edsall of Harvard University, the remainder of the text is organized into six parts that cover the fields of Szent-Györgyi’s major contributions and interests: metabolism, vitamin C, molecular mechanisms of muscle contraction, submolecular biology and cell growth, and cancer; the social interrelations of science were also not neglected. These milestones form the basis of this volume.

Contributors

Preface

1 Structure and Functions of Isolated Centrosomes

I. Overview

II. The Isolated Centrosome

III. Future Directions and Prospects

References

2 Ultrastructure of Centrosome Domains and Identification of Their Protein Components

I. Introduction

II. Glycolytic Enzyme and Creatine Phosphokinase Epitopes at Microtubule Organizing Centers

III. p34cdc2 Present at Centrosome, Kinetochore, and along Kinetochore-to-Pole Microtubules

IV. Electron Spectroscopic Imaging of Centrosomes

V. Summary

References

3 Function and Formation of Centrioles and Basal Bodies

I. Introduction

II. Speculation about the Function of Centrioles and Basal Bodies

III. Speculation about the Formation of Centrioles and Basal Bodies

IV. Discussion

V. Summary

References

4 Microtubule and Intermediate Filament Patterns around the Centrosome in Interphase Cells

I. Introduction

II. Centrosome and Microtubules

III. Centrosome and Intermediate Filaments

References

5 Monoclonal Antibodies to Microtubule-Organizing Center Antigens

I. Introduction

II. Antibody Probes Specific for Centrosomes

III. Monoclonal Antibodies to Microtubule-Organizing Center-Containing Structures

IV. Concluding Remarks

References

6 Role of Centrin in Spindle Pole Dynamics

I. The Centrosome as the Division Center of the Cell

II. Flagellar Basal Apparatus and Centrosome as Functional, Structural, and Molecular Homologs

III. Striated Flagellar Roots and the Pericentriolar Lattice as Structural and Molecular Homologs

IV. Centrin-Containing Fiber Systems as Calcium-Modulated Contractile Organelles

V. Cell Cycle-Dependent Changes in the Cytoplasmic Organization of Centrin

VI. Centrin as a Component of the Cytomatrix

VII. Speculations on the Function of Centrin during Mitosis

VIII. Conclusions

References

7 Spindle Pole Body of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: A Model for Genetic Analysis of the Centrosome Cycle

I. Introduction

II. Anatomy of Spindle Pole Body

III. Coordination of Spindle Pole Body Cycle with Cellular Behavior

IV. Genetic Analysis of the Spindle Pole Body Cycle

V. Spindle Pole Body Components

VI. Perspectives

References

8 The Centrosome in Cell Division and Development of Drosophila

I. Introduction

II. Maternal Contribution to Drosophila Egg

III. Mitosis in Drosophila Embryo

IV. Centrosome Duplication in Syncytial Embryos

V. Organizational Role of Centrosome in Embryonic Development

VI. Centrosome Duplication in Mitotic Mutants

VII. Coordinating Biochemical and Genetic Approaches to Understanding Centrosomal Function

References

9 Control of Centrosome Inheritance in Echinoderm Development

I. Introduction

II. Centrosome Inheritance in Development

III. Centrosome Inheritance in Sea Urchin Eggs

IV. Centrosome Inheritance in Starfish

V. Origin of Centrosomes in Parthenogenetically Activated Eggs

VI. Concluding Remarks

References

10 The Lymphocyte Centrosome

I. Introduction

II. The Unactivated Lymphocyte

III. The Centrosome and Lymphocyte Activation

IV. The Centrosome and Effector Functions

References

11 The Centrosome in Stationary and Migrating Endothelial Cells

I. Introduction

II. Distribution of Centrosomes in Endothelial Cells

III. Microtubules and Polarity of Migrating Cells

IV. Position of Centrosomes in Migrating Cells

V. Changes in Centrosome Position in Aortic Endothelial Cells Induced to Migrate

VI. Significance of the Preferential Orientation of Centrosomes in Endothelial Cells of Aorta and Vena Cava

VII. Effect of Cytochalasin B and Colcemid on Centrosome Reorientation

VIII. Mechanisms for Reorientation of Centrosomes

IX. Polarity and Directional Migration of Cells

References

12 The Centrosome: Contributions to Cell Form

I. Introduction

II. The Centrosome as an Organizational Template Influencing Cell Form

III. Microtubule Organization in Peripheral Cytoplasm

IV. Positioning the Centrosome

V. Prospective

References

13 Cell Polarity and Centrosomes

I. Introduction

II. Features of the Centrosome

III. Development and Maintenance of Cell Polarity: Three Case Studies

IV. Epilogue

References

Index