Sea Cucumbers

Sea Cucumbers: Aquaculture, Biology and Ecology presents the latest scientific research on sea cucumbers and their ecological and nutritional benefits. This practical reference helps professionals and students understand basic biology and farming methods by presenting the basic knowledge needed to not only promote aquaculture and fisheries management in different environments, but to also improve the management of sea cucumber health and successful aquaculture operations. Information in this book includes a variety of sea cucumber species, population status, aquaculture development, and the explored benefits of sea cucumbers in unique regions, including Egypt, Turkey, Iran and Arabian countries of the Persian Gulf.

• Covers the recent literature surrounding the biology and ecology of sea cucumbers
• Highlights the medicinal and pharmaceutical values of sea cucumbers
• Presents the advantages of developing sea cucumber farming as a viable aquaculture enterprise
• Includes practical case studies of sea cucumber aquaculture

Researchers in aquaculture science, marine science, fisheries science, ecology, oceanography, and invertebrate biology. Students in aquaculture and fisheries management

Part I: General Biology of sea cucumbers
1.1 Morphology
1.2 Anatomy
1.2.1 Body walls
1.2.2 Ossicles
1.2.3 Calcareous ring
1.2.4 Coelomic fluid and coelomocytes
1.2.5 Digestive system
1.2.6 Hemal system
1.2.7 Respiratory tree
1.2.8 Water vascular system
1.2.9 Nervous system
1.2.10 Reproductive system
1.3 Evisceration
1.4 Regeneration
1.5 Aestivation
1.6 Medicinal properties
1.7 Genetic diversity

2 Part II: Sea cucumbers in the Middle East: what is known and what is unknown
2.1 Sea cucumber species
2.2 Hotspots for sea cucumber species in the Middle East
2.2.1 Sea cucumbers in Egypt
2.2.2 Sea cucumbers in Turkey
2.2.3 Sea cucumbers in Iran
2.2.4 Sea cucumbers in the Arab states of the Persian Gulf

Part III: Sea cucumbers mariculture
3.1 Asexual reproduction
3.2 Sexual reproduction
3.2.1 Broodstock collection
3.2.2 Broodstock conditioning
3.2.3 Spawning
3.2.4 Fertilization
3.2.5 Embryonic and larval development
3.2.6 Nursery
3.3 Farming methods
3.4 Sea cucumbers in the integrated multi-trophic aquaculture
3.5 Processing and cooking methods of sea cucumbers
3.6 Feasibility for farming sea cucumbers

Part IV: Stressors and sea cucumbers
4.1 Temperature
4.2 Salinity
4.3 pH
4.4 Hypoxia
4.5 Microplastic
4.6 Stocking density
4.Food quality
4.8 Handling and Transportation
4.9 Presence of Predators