Renal Disease and coronary, peripheral and structural interventions, An Issue of Interventional Cardiology Clinics

1st Edition, Volume 9-3 - June 8, 2020
Editor: Hitinder Singh Gurm
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 7 6 2 7 4 - 8
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 7 6 2 7 5 - 5

This issue of Interventional Cardiology Clinics, guest edited by Dr. Hitinder Gurm, will discuss Renal Disease and coronary, peripheral and structural interventions. This issue is… Read more

Renal Disease and coronary, peripheral and structural interventions, An Issue of Interventional Cardiology Clinics

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This issue of Interventional Cardiology Clinics, guest edited by Dr. Hitinder Gurm, will discuss Renal Disease and coronary, peripheral and structural interventions. This issue is one of four selected each year by the series Editor-in-Chief, Dr. Matthew Price. Topics discussed in this issue will include: Contrast induced nephropathy, Pathophysiology of CIN, Implications of Renal disease in patients undergoing peripheral arterial interventions, Implications of renal disease in patients undergoing Structural interventions, Different types of contrast media, Biomarkers of CIN, Pharmacological prophylaxis of CIN, A practical approach to preventing renal complications in the catheterization laboratory, and several other topics.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Contributors
Forthcoming Issues
Preface
Implications of Kidney Disease in the Cardiac Patient
Key points
Introduction
Coronary artery disease and renal impairment
Atrial fibrillation and renal impairment
Heart failure and renal impairment
Future directions
Contrast Media—Different Types of Contrast Media, Their History, Chemical Properties, and Relative Nephrotoxicity
Key points
Introduction
History and chemical properties of contrast media
Emergence of low-osmolar contrast media and impact on nephrotoxicity
Iso-osmolar contrast media and contrast-induced nephropathy—clinical studies
Iso-osmolar contrast media and contrast-induced nephropathy—experimental studies
Society guidelines
Summary
Pathophysiology of Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury
Key points
Introduction
Direct contrast media tubular cell toxicity
Impairment of renal hemodynamics
Summary
Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury—Definitions, Epidemiology, and Implications
Key points
Introduction
Definitions
Epidemiology
Implications
Summary
Nonrenal Complications of Contrast Media
Key points
Physiologic or chemotoxic reactions
Acute and early anaphylactoid reactions
Treatment of acute anaphylactoid reactions
Delayed reactions
Prevention of contrast reactions
Predicting Contrast-Induced Renal Complications
Key points
Introduction
Risk factors for contrast-induced acute kidney injury
Renal complications of contrast exposure
Prediction tools for risk calculation
Comparison of risk scores
Prediction of acute kidney injury and new-onset dialysis postpercutaneous coronary intervention
High performing models
Summary
Biomarkers of Contrast-Induced Nephropathy:: Which Ones are Clinically Important?
Key points
Introduction
Pathophysiology of contrast-induced acute kidney injury
Functional biomarkers
Structural kidney damage biomarkers
Discussion
Implications of Renal Disease in Patients Undergoing Peripheral Arterial Interventions
Key points
Definitions
Epidemiology and trends
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostic studies
Diagnostic imaging and invasive studies
Revascularization
Acute kidney injury post–peripheral vascular angiography and angioplasty: etiology and prevention
Prognostic impact of chronic kidney disease on peripheral arterial disease outcomes: mortality, amputation, and repeat revascularization
Summary
Implications of Renal Disease in Patients Undergoing Structural Interventions
Key points
Introduction
Epidemiology
Pathophysiology
Imaging considerations specific to chronic kidney disease
Transcatheter aortic valve replacement outcomes in individuals with renal dysfunction
Transcatheter aortic valve replacement in renal transplant recipients
Acute kidney injury after transcatheter aortic valve replacement
Transcatheter mitral valve intervention
Summary and future directions
Pharmacologic Prophylaxis of Contrast-Induced Nephropathy
Key points
Pharmacologic prophylaxis of contrast-induced neuropathy
Statins
What has happened since 2014?
Type of statins
Statins and nephroprotection
Statins and contrast-induced acute kidney injury: current international guidelines
Other drugs
Comparison of different drugs: network meta-analyses
Pharmacologic prophylaxis in noncoronary angiographic procedures
Clinical outcome: new paradigm
Hydration: Intravenous and Oral: Approaches, Principals, and Differing Regimens: Is It What Goes in or What Comes Out That Is Important?
Key points
Introduction and current guidelines
Mechanisms of injury (Fluid administration should have some effect in abrogating these mechanism)
Oral versus intravenous fluid
Evidence of beneficial effect of intravenous fluid on contrast-associated acute kidney injury from clinical trials
The importance of urine output
What is the mechanism of benefit?
Summary
Device Based Approaches to the Prevention of Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury
Key points
Introduction
Hydration optimization
Summary
A Practical Approach to Preventing Renal Complications in the Catheterization Laboratory
Key points
Introduction
Identifying high-risk patients
Hydration
Pharmacological agents
Contrast minimization
Other preventive strategies