
Reliability, Maintainability and Risk
Practical Methods for Engineers
Resources
Description
Key Features
- Additional chapter on helicopter and aviation safety record
- Coverage of models for partial valve stroke test, fault tree logic and quantification difficulties
- More detail on use of tools such as FMEDA and programming standards like MISRA
Readership
Table of Contents
Part 1: Understanding Reliability Parameters and Costs
Chapter 1: The History of Reliability and Safety Technology
- Abstract
- 1.1. Failure Data
- 1.2. Hazardous Failures
- 1.3. Predicting Reliability and Risk
- 1.4. Achieving Reliability and Safety-Integrity
- 1.5. The RAMS-Cycle
- 1.6. Contractual and Legal Pressures
- 1.7. Reliability versus Functional Safety
Chapter 2: Understanding Terms and Jargon
- Abstract
- 2.1. Defining Failure and Failure Modes
- 2.2. Failure Rate and Mean Time Between Failures
- 2.3. Interrelationships of Terms
- 2.4. The Bathtub Distribution
- 2.5. Down Time and Repair Time
- 2.6. Availability, Unavailability and Probability of Failure on Demand
- 2.7. Hazard and Risk-Related Terms
- 2.8. Choosing the Appropriate Parameter
Chapter 3: A Cost-Effective Approach to Quality, Reliability and Safety
- Abstract
- 3.1. Reliability and Optimum Cost
- 3.2. Costs and Safety
- 3.3. The Cost of Quality
Part 2: Interpreting Failure Rates
Chapter 4: Realistic Failure Rates and Prediction Confidence
- Abstract
- 4.1. Data Accuracy
- 4.2. Sources of Data
- 4.3. Data Ranges
- 4.4. Confidence Limits of Prediction
- 4.5. Manufacturers’ Data (Warranty Claims)
- 4.6. Overall Conclusions
Chapter 5: Interpreting Data and Demonstrating Reliability
- Abstract
- 5.1. The Four Cases
- 5.2. Inference and Confidence Levels
- 5.3. The Chi-Square Test
- 5.4. Understanding the Method in More Detail
- 5.5. Double-Sided Confidence Limits
- 5.6. Reliability Demonstration
- 5.7. Sequential Testing
- 5.8. Setting Up Demonstration Tests
Chapter 6: Variable Failure Rates and Probability Plotting
- Abstract
- 6.1. The Weibull Distribution
- 6.2. Using the Weibull Method
- 6.3. More Complex Cases of the Weibull Distribution
- 6.4. Continuous Processes
Part 3: Predicting Reliability and Risk
Chapter 7: Basic Reliability Prediction Theory
- Abstract
- 7.1. Why Predict RAMS?
- 7.2. Probability Theory
- 7.3. Reliability of Series Systems
- 7.4. Redundancy Rules
- 7.5. General Features of Redundancy
- Exercises
Chapter 8: Methods of Modeling
- Abstract
- 8.1. Block Diagrams and Repairable Systems
- 8.2. Common Cause (Dependent) Failure
- 8.3. Fault Tree Analysis
- 8.4. Event Tree Diagrams
Chapter 9: Quantifying the Reliability Models
- Abstract
- 9.1. The Reliability Prediction Method
- 9.2. Allowing for Diagnostic Intervals
- 9.3. FMEDA (Failure Mode and Diagnostic Analysis)
- 9.4. Human Factors
- 9.5. Simulation
- 9.6. Comparing Predictions with Targets
Chapter 10: Risk Assessment (QRA)
- Abstract
- 10.1. Frequency and Consequence
- 10.2. Perception of Risk, ALARP and Cost per Life Saved
- 10.3. Hazard Identification
- 10.4. Factors to Quantify
Part 4: Achieving Reliability and Maintainability
Chapter 11: Design and Assurance Techniques
- Abstract
- 11.1. Specifying and Allocating the Requirement
- 11.2. Stress Analysis
- 11.3. Environmental Stress Protection
- 11.4. Failure Mechanisms
- 11.5. Complexity and Parts
- 11.6. Burn-In and Screening
- 11.7. Maintenance Strategies
Chapter 12: Design Review, Test and Reliability Growth
- Abstract
- 12.1. Review Techniques
- 12.2. Categories of Testing
- 12.3. Reliability Growth Modeling
Chapter 13: Field Data Collection and Feedback
- Abstract
- 13.1. Reasons for Data Collection
- 13.2. Information and Difficulties
- 13.3. Times to Failure
- 13.4. Spreadsheets and Databases
- 13.5. Best Practice and Recommendations
- 13.6. Analysis and Presentation of Results
- 13.7. Manufacturers’ data
- 13.8. Anecdotal Data
- 13.9. Examples of Failure Report Forms
- 13.10. No-Fault-Found (NFF)
Chapter 14: Factors Influencing Down Time
- Abstract
- 14.1. Key Design Areas
- 14.2. Maintenance Strategies and Handbooks
Chapter 15: Predicting and Demonstrating Repair Times
- Abstract
- 15.1. Prediction Methods
- 15.2. Demonstration Plans
Chapter 16: Quantified Reliability Centered Maintenance
- Abstract
- 16.1. What is QRCM?
- 16.2. The QRCM Decision Process
- 16.3. Optimum Replacement (Discard)
- 16.4. Optimum Spares
- 16.5. Optimum Proof Test
- 16.6. Condition Monitoring
Chapter 17: Systematic Failures, Especially Software
- Abstract
- 17.1. Random versus Systematic Failures
- 17.2. Software-related Failures
- 17.3. Software Failure Modeling
- 17.4. Software Quality Assurance (Life Cycle Activities)
- 17.5. Modern/Formal Methods
- 17.6. Software Checklists
Part 5: Legal, Management and Safety Considerations
Chapter 18: Project Management and Competence
- Abstract
- 18.1. Setting Objectives and Making Specifications
- 18.2. Planning, Feasibility and Allocation
- 18.3. Program Activities
- 18.4. Responsibilities and Competence
- 18.5. Functional Safety Capability
- 18.6. Standards and Guidance Documents
Chapter 19: Contract Clauses and Their Pitfalls
- Abstract
- 19.1. Essential Areas
- 19.2. Other Areas
- 19.3. Pitfalls
- 19.4. Penalties
- 19.5. Subcontracted Reliability Assessments
Chapter 20: Product Liability and Safety Legislation
- Abstract
- 20.1. The General Situation
- 20.2. Strict Liability
- 20.3. The Consumer Protection Act 1987
- 20.4. Health and Safety at Work Act 1974
- 20.5. Insurance and Product Recall
Chapter 21: Major Incident Legislation
- Abstract
- 21.1. History of Major Incidents
- 21.2. Development of major incident legislation
- 21.3. Safety reports
- 21.4. Offshore Safety Cases
- 21.5. Problem Areas
- 21.6. Rail
- 21.7. Corporate Manslaughter and Corporate Homicide
Chapter 22: Integrity of Safety-Related Systems
- Abstract
- 22.1. Safety-Related or Safety-Critical?
- 22.2. Safety-Integrity Levels (SILs)
- 22.3. Programable electronic systems (PESs)
- 22.4. Current guidance
- 22.5. Framework for Certification
Chapter 23: A Case Study: The Datamet Project
- Abstract
- 23.1. Introduction
- 23.2. The Datamet Concept
- 23.3. The Contract
- 23.4. Detailed Design
- 23.5. Syndicate Study
- 23.6. Hints
Chapter 24: A Case Study: Gas Detection System
- Abstract
- 24.1. Safety-Integrity Target
- 24.2. Random Hardware Failures
- 24.3. ALARP
- 24.4. Architectures
- 24.5. Life-Cycle Activities
- 24.6. Functional Safety Capability
Chapter 25: A Case Study: Pressure Control System
- Abstract
- 25.1. The Unprotected System
- 25.2. Protection System
- 25.3. Assumptions
- 25.4. Reliability Block Diagram
- 25.5. Failure Rate Data
- 25.6. Quantifying the Model
- 25.7. Proposed Design and Maintenance Modifications
- 25.8. Modeling Common Cause Failure (Pressure Transmitters)
- 25.9. Quantifying the Revised Model
- 25.10. ALARP
- 25.11. Architectural Constraints
Chapter 26: Helicopter Incidents and Risk Assessment
- Abstract
- 26.1. Helicopter Incidents
- 26.2. Risk Assessment - Floatation Equipment
- 26.3. Effect of Pilot Experience on Incident Rate
Appendix 1: Glossary
Appendix 2: Percentage Points of the Chi-Square Distribution
Appendix 3: Microelectronic Failure Rates
Appendix 4: General Failure Rates
Appendix 5: Failure Mode Percentages
Appendix 6: Human Error Probabilities
Appendix 7: Fatality Rates
Appendix 8: Answers to Exercises
Appendix 9: Bibliography
Appendix 10: Scoring Criteria for BETAPLUS Common Cause Model
Appendix 11: Example of HAZOP
Appendix 12: HAZID Checklist
Appendix 13: Markov Analysis of Redundant Systems
Appendix 14: Calculating the GDF
Product details
- No. of pages: 478
- Language: English
- Copyright: © Butterworth-Heinemann 2017
- Published: March 15, 2017
- Imprint: Butterworth-Heinemann
- eBook ISBN: 9780081020227
- Paperback ISBN: 9780081020104
About the Author
David Smith
Affiliations and Expertise
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