Radiography Essentials for Limited Practice

6th Edition - October 4, 2020
Authors: Bruce W. Long, Eugene D. Frank, Ruth Ann Ehrlich
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 6 6 1 8 7 - 4
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 6 7 4 4 4 - 7

Master the skills needed to perform basic radiography procedures! Written exclusively for limited radiography students, Radiography Essentials for Limited Practice, 6th Editi… Read more

Radiography Essentials for Limited Practice

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Master the skills needed to perform basic radiography procedures! Written exclusively for limited radiography students, Radiography Essentials for Limited Practice, 6th Edition provides a fundamental knowledge of imaging principles, positioning, and procedures. Content reflects the most current practice, and incorporates all the subjects mandated by the American Society of Radiologic Technologists (ASRT) curriculum so you will be thoroughly prepared for the ARRT Limited Scope Exam. From radiologic imaging experts Bruce Long, Eugene Frank, and Ruth Ann Ehrlich, this book provides the right exposure to x-ray science, radiographic anatomy, technical exposure factors, and radiation protection, along with updated step-by-step instructions showing how to perform each projection.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Evolve Student Resources
Copyright
Contributing Author
Preface
Content and Organization
Features
New to this Edition
Learning AIDS for the Student
Teaching AIDS for the Instructor
Part I: Introduction to Limited Radiography
Chapter 1. Role of the Limited X-Ray Machine Operator
Key Terms
Radiography
Limited X-Ray Machine Operator
Certification
Work Environment
Typical Duties of a Limited X-Ray Machine Operator
Summary
Chapter 2. Introduction to Radiographic Equipment
Key Terms
Primary X-Ray Beam
Scatter Radiation
Image Receptor System
X-Ray Room
Positioning of the X-Ray Tube
Collimator
Radiographic Table
Upright Cassette Holder
Control Console
Transformer Cabinet
Podiatric Radiology
Fundamental Radiation Safety
Summary
Chapter 3. Basic Mathematics for Limited Operators
Key Terms
Fundamental Mathematical Principles
Mathematics Applied to Radiography
Summary
Part II: X-Ray Science
Chapter 4. Basic Physics for Radiography
Key Terms
Matter
Energy
Electromagnetic Energy
Characteristics of X-Rays
Electricity
Electromagnetic Induction and Transformers
Summary
Chapter 5. X-Ray Production
Key Terms
X-Ray Tube
Bremsstrahlung and Characteristic Radiation
Characteristics of the Cathode and the Anode
Electric Control of X-Ray Production
X-Ray Beam Filtration
Summary
Chapter 6. X-Ray Circuit and Tube Heat Management
Key Terms
X-Ray Circuit
Rectification
Generators
X-Ray Control Panel
Prolonging X-Ray Tube Life
Summary
Chapter 7. Principles of Exposure and Image Quality
Key Terms
Prime Factors of Radiographic Exposure
Photographic and Geometric Factors
Summary
Chapter 8. Digital Imaging
Key Terms
Digital Imaging
Functions of the Processing System
Exposure Technique Charts
Exposure Indicators
Postprocessing
Artifacts
Picture Archival and Communication Systems
Technical Considerations for Everyday Use
Summary
Chapter 9. Scatter Radiation and Its Control
Key Terms
Radiation Interactions with Matter
Radiographic Effect of Scatter Radiation
Factors Affecting Quantity of Scatter Radiation Fog
Controlling Scatter Radiation Fog
Summary
Chapter 10. Formulating X-Ray Techniques
Key Terms
Technique Charts
Patient Measurement
Fixed Kilovoltage Versus Variable Kilovoltage
Optimum Kilovoltage
Criteria for Milliamperage Selection
Calculating Exposure Time
Technique Chart “Failure”
Adjustment of Techniques
Compensating Filters
Summary
Chapter 11. Radiobiology and Radiation Safety
Key Terms
Radiation Measurement
Biologic Effects of Radiation Exposure
Radiation Safety
Effective Communication
Vulnerability of Children to Radiation Exposure
Summary
Part III: Radiographic Anatomy, Positioning, and Pathology
Chapter 12. Introduction to Anatomy, Positioning, and Pathology
Key Terms
Anatomy
Radiographic Positioning
Radiographic Procedures
Pathology
Summary
Chapter 13. Upper Limb and Shoulder Girdle
Key Terms
Anatomy
Positioning and Radiographic Examinations
Pathology
Summary
Chapter 14. Lower Limb and Pelvis
Key Terms
Anatomy
Positioning and Radiographic Examinations
Pathology
Summary
Chapter 15. Spine
Key Terms
Anatomy
Positioning and Radiographic Examinations
Pathology
Summary
Chapter 16. Bony Thorax, Chest, and Abdomen
Key Terms
Anatomy
Body Habitus
Positioning and Radiographic Examinations
Pathology
Summary
Chapter 17. Skull, Facial Bones, and Paranasal Sinuses
Key Terms
Anatomy
Positioning and Radiographic Examinations
Pathology
Summary
Chapter 18. Radiography of Pediatric and Geriatric Patients
Key Terms
Pediatrics
Geriatrics
Summary
Chapter 19. Image Evaluation
Key Terms
Viewing Radiographs
Systematic Image Review
Image Identification and Markers
Anatomy and Positioning Errors
Exposure Factors
Esthetic Quality
Radiation Safety Factors
Troubleshooting
Repeating Radiographs
Summary
Review
Part IV: Professionalism and Patient Care
Chapter 20. Ethics, Legal Considerations, and Professionalism
Key Terms
Ethics, Morals, and Values
Legal Considerations
Projecting a Professional Attitude
Professional Communication
Issues of Cultural Diversity
Medical Information and Records
Summary
Chapter 21. Safety and Infection Control
Key Terms
Hazard Control
Workplace Safety
Assisting Patients With Positions and Movements
Immobilization
Accidents and Incident Reports
Infection Control
Infectious Diseases
Preventing Disease Transmission
Surgical Asepsis
Summary
Chapter 22. Assessing Patients and Managing Acute Situations
Key Terms
Assessing the Personal Concerns of Patients
Physiologic Needs
Taking a History
Assessing Current Physical Status
Acute Situations
Respiratory Emergencies
Trauma
Medical Emergencies
Summary
Part V: Ancillary Clinical Skills
Chapter 23. Medications and Their Administration
Key Terms
The Limited Operator’s Role in Medication Administration
Medication Nomenclature and Information Resources
Routes of Medication Administration
Medication Properties
Medication Effects
Frequently Used Medications
Medication Administration
Charting of Medications
Summary
Chapter 24. Medical Laboratory Skills
Key Terms
Standard Precautions
Venipuncture
Urinalysis
Summary
Chapter 25. Additional Procedures for Assessment and Diagnosis
Key Terms
Measuring Weight and Height
Vision Screening Tests
Electrocardiography
Spirometry
Summary
Chapter 26. Bone Densitometry
Key Terms
DXA Versus Conventional Radiography
Osteoporosis
Physical and Mathematical Principles of DXA
Statistical Measures in Bone Densitometry
Radiation Safety and Protection
Fracture Risk Models
Baseline and Serial Scanning
Skeletal Sites to Measure
DXA Scan Acquisition, Image Critique, and Analysis
Summary
Appendix A. State Licensure Information
Appendix B. The American Registry of Radiologic Technologists Rules of Ethics
Fraud or Deceptive Practices
Subversion
Unprofessional Conduct
Scope of Practice
Fitness to Practice
Improper Management of Patient Records
Violation of State or Federal Law or Regulatory Rule
Duty to Report
Appendix C. Solutions to Practice Problems in Chapter 3
Practice Problems Using Fractions and Decimals
Practice Problems Using Percentages
Practice Solving Equations
Practice Problems Involving Exponents and Square Roots
Practice Problems Using Measurement Units
Solving Milliampere-Second Problems
Practice Problems Involving Distance Changes
Practice Problems Involving Patient Part Size Changes
Practice Problems Using the 15% Rule
Practice Problems Calculating Medication Dosage
Appendix D. Sample Manual X-Ray Technique Charts
Appendix E. Optimum Kilovoltage (kVp) Ranges
Nongrid/Nonbucky
With Grid/Bucky
Appendix F. Milliampere-Seconds (mAs) Table
Appendix G. Nomogram for Determining Patient Skin Dose from X-Ray Exposure
Appendix H. Usual Projections for Routine Examinations
Upper Limb
Lower Limb
Spine
Bony Thorax and Chest
Abdomen
Skull, Facial Bones, and Paranasal Sinuses
Appendix I. Evaluation of Sample Images from Chapter 19
Review Image No. 1, Fig. 19.19
Review Image No. 2, Fig. 19.20
Review Image No. 3, Fig. 19.21
Review Image No. 4, Fig. 19.22
Review Image No. 5, Fig. 19.23
Review Image No. 6, Fig. 19.24
Appendix J. Charting Terms and Abbreviations
Appendix K. Task Inventory for Limited Scope of Practice in Radiography Examination
Illustration Credits
Glossary
Index

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Bruce W. Long

Eugene D. Frank

Ruth Ann Ehrlich