Pulmonary Endocrine Pathology

Preface1 Introduction The Lung as an Endocrine Organ Systems of Control of Homeostasis and their Integration Types of Secretion The Concept and Nature of the Diffuse Endocrine System The Pulmonary Component of the System2 Identification, Morphology and Secretory Products of the Pulmonary Endocrine System Terminology Identification Morphology, Solitary Cells and Clusters, Neuroepithelial Bodies Innervation Established and Possible Secretory Products3 Development and Distribution of the Pulmonary Endocrine System Embryogenesis Methods of Quantisation Kinetics Development and Distribution in Fetal, Postnatal and Adult Lungs Pattern of Change with Ageing4 Physiology of the Pulmonary Endocrine System General Views of the Functions of the System Nature and Roles of its Secretory Products Bombesin-Like Peptides, Calcitonin, Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide and Serotonin Pulmonary Endocrine Cells as Receptors, their Response to Hypoxia and its Consequences Pulmonary Endocrine Cells as Paracrine Regulators, their Possible Roles5 The pulmonary Endocrine System in Diseased Lungs Response of the System to Pulmonary Disease Inflammatory and Fibrotic Disorders of the Lungs Asthma, Chronic Bronchitis and Emphysema, Pneumonia, Bronchiectasis and Cystic Fibrosis The Nature and Characteristics of Pulmonary Tumourlets Pulmonary Peptides in the Serum, Aberrant Secretion Neonatal Pulmonary Disease and Sudden Infant Death Hypertensive Pulmonary Vascular Disease Explaining the Response, Patterns of Proliferation and Functional Changes6 The Pulmonary Endocrine System in Experimental Injury Hypercapnia, Hyperoxia, Ozone and other Gases Particulate Material, Asbestos and Silica Response of the System to Carcinogenic Hydrocarbons Experimental Induction of Pulmonary Endocrine Tumours Nicotine and Cigarette Smoke Polluted Urban Air Miscellaneous7 Endocrine Differentiation in Pulmonary Neoplasms Range and Classification of Pulmonary Neoplasms and of Pulmonary Neoplasms Showing Endocrine Differentiation Nature of Pulmonary Endocrine Neoplasms and the Concept of an 'Endocrine Spectrum' Carcinoid Tumours, Atypical Carcinoid Tumours and Small Cell Carcinoma and its Sub-Types Manifestations of Endocrine Differentiation, its Detection in Pulmonary Tumours and its Implications8 Pathology of Pulmonary Endocrine Neoplasms Pathology of Carcinoid Tumours, Central and Peripheral Lesions Pathology of Atypical Carcinoid Tumours Pathology of Small Cell Carcinoma Small Cell Carcinoma in Culture, Classical and Variant Lines Genetic Pathology of Small Cell Carcinoma Autotrophic Influences on Small Cell Carcinoma Differential Diagnosis of Pulmonary Endocrine Tumours Endocrine Tumours and Pulmonary Tumourlets9 Serum Markers of Pulmonary Endocrine Neoplasms Oncofetal Antigens, Placental Proteins, Enzymes and other Non-Specific Tumour Markers Neuron-Specific Enolase, Creatine Kinase, Chromogranins/Secretogranins and other 'Endocrine' Markers Secretory Products, Peptides and Amines, 'Ectopic', 'Inappropriate' or 'Aberrant' Secretion Adrenocorticotrophin and Related Peptides Calcitonin and Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Arginine Vasopressin and the Neurophysins Bombesin-Like Peptides Growth Hormone and Associated Peptides Utility of Serum Markers in Management of Disease10 Paraneoplastic Manifestations of Pulmonary Endocrine Neoplasms Nature of Paraneoplastic Phenomena Mechanisms of Paraneoplasia, Secretory Products and Immune Mechanisms Endocrine Phenomena The Carcinoid Syndrome Adrenocorticotrophin and Cushing's Syndrome Inappropriate Secretion of Arginine Vasopressin Gynaecomastia Cutaneous Changes Epidermal Proliferations, Erythematous and Blistering Disorders, Hypertrichosis and Dermatomyositis Osteoarticular Phenomena Digital Clubbing and Hypertrophic Osteoarthropathy Neurological Phenomena The Cerebrum, Cerebellum and Eye The Spinal Cord and Peripheral Nerves Autonomie Eeffects Effects on the Myoneural Junction, the Lambert-Eaton SyndromeIndex