Preclinical Manual of Prosthodontics

1.1. Complete Denture 1

1.1.1. Introduction to Prosthodontics 1

• Prosthodontics 1

• Branches of Prosthodontics 1

• Prosthesis 2

• Ancillary Prosthesis 5

1.1.2 Anatomical Landmarks of Maxillary Arch 6

and Mandibular Arch

• Anatomical Landmarks of Maxillary Arch 6

• Anatomical Landmarks of Mandibular Arch 12

1.1.3. Impression Trays 17

• Defi nition 17

• Requirements of Impression Tray 17

• Types of Impression Trays 17

1.1.4. Impressions in Complete Denture 21

• Defi nition 21

• Objectives of Impression Making 21

1.1.5. Dental Casts 25

• Cast 25

• Dental Cast 25

• Types of Cast 26

• Requirements of the Cast 26

• Parts of a Cast 26

1.1.6. Record Bases 29

• Defi nition 29

• Requirements 29

• Types of Record Base 29

1.1.7. Occlusion Rim 32

• Defi nition 32

• Uses of Occlusion Rim 33

• Dimension of Occlusion Rims 33

1.1.8. Articulators 34

• Defi nition 35

• Classifi cation 35

• Requirements 38

1.1.9. Artifi cial Teeth 43

• Based on the Type of Material Used 43

• Based on the Occlusal Form of Teeth 43

1.1.10. Occlusion in Complete Denture 45

1.1.11. Parts and Surfaces of a Complete Denture 48

• Surfaces of the Denture 48

• Parts of the Denture 49

1.2. Removable Partial Denture 52

1.2.1. Classifi cation of Partially Edentulous

Arch and Applegates Rules 52

• Defi nition 52

• Components 52

• Kennedy’s Classifi cation 53

• Applegate’s Rules 55

1.2.2. Components of Cast Partial Denture 55

• Defi nition of Major connector 56

• Requirements 56

• Classifi cation of Maxillary Major Connectors 57

• Classifi cation of Mandibular Major Connectors 57

• Review of Indications for Maxillary Major Connectors 60

• Minor Connector 63

• Defi nition 63

• Functions 63

• Types of Minor Connector Joining the Denture Base 64

1.2.3. Rests 65

• Defi nition 66

• Functions of Rest 66

• Classifi cation of Rest 66

1.2.4. Direct Retainers 69

• Defi nition 69

• Parts of a Clasp 69

• Requirements of a Clasp Design 70

• Circumferential or Akers Clasp or

Occlusally Approaching Clasp 72

• Vertical Projection or Bar or Roach Clasp or

Gingivally Approaching Clasp 74

1.2.5. Indirect Retainers 76

• Defi nition 77

• Factors Infl uencing the Effectiveness of

Indirect Retainers 77

1.2.6. Surveyors 78

• Defi nition 78

• Types 78

• Uses 81

1.3. Fixed Partial Denture 83

1.3.1. Parts of a Bridge or Fixed Partial Dental Prosthesis 83

Chapter 2 Instruments and Materials 91

2.1. Instruments 91

2.2. Materials 99

• A. Gypsum Products 99

• B. Impression Materials 100

• C. Dental Waxes 103

• D. Denture Base Resins 104

• E. Base Metal Alloys 106

• F. Ceramics 106

• G. Abrasives and Polishing Agents 107

Chapter 3 Preclinical Exercise 109

3.1. Complete Denture Fabrication 109

3.1.1. Indexing of Dental Casts 109

• Groove Indexing 110

• Notch Indexing 111

3.1.2. Shellac Base plate Adaptation 112

• Adaptation of Maxillary Record Base 113

• Adaptation of Mandibular Record Base 117

3.1.3. Fabrication of Occlusion Rims 120

3.1.4. Mounting of the Casts in the Articulator 133

3.1.5. Teeth Setting 139

3.1.6. Wax-Up 175

3.1.7. Processing of the Waxed Dentures 184

3.1.8. Finishing and Polishing 203

3.2. Repair of Fractured Lower Complete Denture 210

3.3. Custom Impression Tray Fabrication for Upper

and Lower Edentulous Arches 219

3.4. Removable Partial Denture Fabrication 231

3.4.1. Making of Casts 231

3.4.2. Indexing of Dental Casts 233

3.4.3. Shellac Base Plate Adaptation 233

3.4.4. Fabrication of Occlusion Rims 241

3.4.5. Mounting of the Casts in Articulator 246

3.4.6. Teeth Setting 247

3.4.7. Wax-Up 249

3.4.8. Processing 251

3.4.9. Finishing and Polishing 259

Chapter 4 Common Viva Questions 267

Chapter 5 Glossary of Terms 287