Physiology And Pathology

The Biochemistry and Physiology of Bone, Second Edition: Volume II: Physiology and Pathology investigates the physiological and pathological aspects of bone, including the blood vessels that nourish the bones; the mechanisms of bone formation, growth, repair, and transplantation; and the role of hormones and vitamins in the formation and maintenance of bone. It explores the circulation of bone, the pathological calcification and radiation effects on bone, the metabolism of growth hormones and skeletal tissue, enamel and dentin matrix glycoproteins, and the role of calcitonin in homeostasis. Organized into nine chapters, this edition begins with an overview of the circulation of bone, including the overall blood supply of a long bone. It discusses the phosphatase and its histological distribution in mature and developing bone, the presence of glycoproteins in the organic matrix of enamel and dentin, and human dwarfism and human growth hormone replacement therapy. It explains the roles of vitamins and the effects of calcitonin and vitamin deficiency on bone growth and development. The book concludes with a chapter on the chemistry of calcification and some types of abnormal calcification. This book is a valuable resource for biochemists, cell biologists, physiologists, anatomists, orthopedists, pathologists, clinicians, biomedical engineers, graduate students, professors, and others interested in the physiology and pathology of bone.

List of Contributors Preface to Second Edition Preface to First Edition Contents of Other Volumes Chapter 1. Circulation of Bone I. Introduction II. Historical Concepts of the Overall Blood Supply of a Long Bone III. Blood Supply of Normal Compactum IV. Blood Supply of Healing Compactum V. Vascularization of Cancellous Chip Grafts and Transplants VI. Summary of Circulation in a Mature Long Bone References Chapter 2. Phosphatase and Calcification I. Historical II. Identity of Bone Phosphatase and Comparison with Soft Tissue Phosphatase III. Histological Distribution of Phosphatase in Mature and Developing Bone IV. Phosphatase and Bone Repair V. Significance of Phosphatase in Bone Formation VI. Summary References Chapter 3. Elaboration of Enamel and Dentin Matrix Glycoproteins I. Introduction II. Background III. Enamel Matrix IV. Dentin Matrix V. Role of Glycoproteins in Enamel and Dentin References Chapter 4. Growth Hormone and Skeletal Tissue Metabolism I. Introduction II. Chemical Properties, Including Species Differences III. Assay Methods and Plasma Levels IV. Experimental Models, Target Tissues, and Deficiency of Growth Hormone V. Excessive Action of Growth Hormone VI. Interaction with Other Hormones VII. Tissue Culture VIII. Summary References Chapter 5. Vitamin A and Bone I. The Chemistry of Vitamin A II. Hypovitaminosis A III. Hypervitaminosis A References Chapter 6. Vitamin C and Bone I. Introduction II. Vitamin C Deficiency and Intercellular Substances in General III. Bone References Chapter 7. Vitamin D and Bone I. Introduction II. Historical Review—Chemistry and Methods III. Metabolic Bone Disease and Vitamin D IV. Physiological Basis of Vitamin D Action V. Metabolism of Vitamin D VI. Mechani