Physiological Responses of Marine Biota to Pollutants

1st Edition - January 28, 1977
Author: John F Vernberg
Language: English
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 1 3 9 7 2 - 4

Physiological Responses of Marine Biota to Pollutants contains the proceedings of a symposium entitled ""Pollution and Physiology of Marine Organisms"" held in Connecticut in… Read more

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Physiological Responses of Marine Biota to Pollutants contains the proceedings of a symposium entitled ""Pollution and Physiology of Marine Organisms"" held in Connecticut in November 1975. It explores the influence of pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), petroleum products, and heavy metals on the physiology of marine species, such as fish, crabs, shrimps, lobsters, and mussels. More specifically, it looks at the functional mechanisms underlying the response of marine organisms to pollutants that act either alone or in combination with other pollutants and/or ""normal"" environmental factors. Comprised of five parts encompassing 27 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of pesticides and PCBs and their effects on marine organisms, including those of malathion on the development of crabs and of PCBs on feral fish. It proceeds with a discussion of heavy metals, such as methylmercury, selenium, cadmium and cadmium chloride, and chromium; and an explanation of how petroleum hydrocarbons affect estuarine fish embryos, pink salmon fry, marine fish, Mytilus californianus, Mya arenaria, Mytilus edulis, and plankton. The reader is also introduced to the synergistic effects of exposure to temperature and chlorine on young-of-the-year estuarine fishes, the effects of DDT and mirex singly and in concert on Adinia xenica, the role of temperature in the physiology of bivalves, physiological responses of crustacean larvae to temperature, use of the heterotrophic potential assay as an indicator of environmental quality, and how the mud crab (Rhithropanopeus harrisii) is affected by juvenile hormone mimics. Marine scientists, ecologists, and students will find this book extremely useful.

List of ContributorsPrefacePart I. Pesticides and PCBS Effects of Malathion on the Development of Crabs Effects of Aroclor® 1016 and Halowax® 1099 on Juvenile Horseshoe Crabs Limulus polyphemus Survival of Larval and Adult Fiddler Crabs Exposed to Aroclor® 1016 and 1254 and Different Temperature-Salinity Combinations PCB Levels in Certain Organs of Some Feral Fish from New York State DDT Inhibits Nutrient Absorption and Osmoregulatory Function in Fundulus heteroclitus DDT: Effect on the Lateral Line Nerve of Steelhead Trout Anticholinesterase Action of Pesticidal Carbamates in the Central Nervous System of Poisoned FishesPart II. Heavy Metals Effect of Methylmercury upon Osmoregulation, Cellular Volume, and Ion Regulation in Winter Flounder, Pseudopleuronectes americanus Methylmercury-Selenium: Interaction in the Killifish, Fundulus heteroclitus Effects of Cadmium on the Shrimps, Penaeus duorarum, Palaemonetes pugio, and Palaemonetes vulgaris Response of the Lobster, Homarus americanus, to Sublethal Levels of Cadmium and Mercury Effects of Chromium on the Life History of Capitella capitata (Annelida: Polychaeta) Alternation of Enzymes in Winter Flounder, Pseudopleuronectes americanus, Exposed to Sublethal Amounts of Cadmium Chloride The Effect of Chromium on Filtration Rates and Metabolic Activity of Mytilus edulis L. and Mya arenaria L.Part III. Petroleum Hydrocarbons Effects of Petroleum Hydrocarbons on the Rate of Heart Beat and Hatching Success of Estuarine Fish Embryos Effect of Petroleum Hydrocarbons on Breathing and Coughing Rates and Hydrocarbon Uptake-Depuration in Pink Salmon Fry Some Metabolic Effects of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Marine Fish Effects of Natural Chronic Exposure to Petroleum Hydrocarbons on Size and Reproduction in Mytilus californianus (Conrad) Effects of Varying Concentrations of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Sediments on Carbon Flux in Mya arenaria The Effect of Pure Oil Subcomponents on Mytilus edulis, the Blue Mussel Controlled Ecosystems: Their Use in the Study of the Effects of Petroleum Hydrocarbons on PlanktonPart IV. Factor Interaction Synergistic Effects of Exposure to Temperature and Chlorine on Survival of Young-of-the-Year Estuarine Fishes The Effects of DDT and Mirex Alone and in Combination on the Reproduction of a Salt Marsh Cyprinodont Fish, Adinia xenicaPart V. General Some Temperature Relationships on the Physiology of Two Ecologically Distinct Bivalve Populations Variations in the Physiological Responses of Crustacean Larvae to Temperature The Heterotrophic Potential Assay as an Indicator of Environmental Quality The Effect of Juvenile Hormone Mimics on Development of the Mud Crab, Rhithropanopeus harrisii (Gould)Index