Photosynthesis V2

Development, Carbon Metabolism, and Plant Productivity

1st Edition - January 28, 1983
Editor: Govindjee
Language: English
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 1 4 4 7 0 - 4

Photosynthesis, Volume II: Development, Carbon Metabolism, and Plant Productivity provides a basic understanding of photosynthesis. This book also explains how to manipulate… Read more

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Photosynthesis, Volume II: Development, Carbon Metabolism, and Plant Productivity provides a basic understanding of photosynthesis. This book also explains how to manipulate photosynthesis and improve the overall rate of photosynthesis of a single plant. It focuses on the use of NADPH and ATP in bicarbonate fixation. Comprise of 16 chapters, this book covers topics beginning with the concept of photosynthesis. It further discusses manipulating the genetics and molecular biology of the system. In addition, it explains the biogenesis of photosynthetic apparatus, photorespiration, and environmental regulation among others. As the chapters progress, the topics discussed also increase in terms of technical and scientific concepts, as seen in Chapters 10 and 11. These focus on the translocation of photosynthates and leaf and canopy behavior. The application of the knowledge about photosynthesis to plant productivity is also discussed. A chapter is dedicated to it, including various opinions in the said subject matter. Chapters 14 and 15 contain special topics on canopy photosynthesis and yield in soybean, as well as the effect of bicarbonate on photosynthetic electron transport. This book will be a reference source for researchers. It will also be an introductory book for graduate students specializing in plant biology, biophysics, and physiology; agronomy; and botany.

List of Contributors

Preface

Hans Gaffron (1902-1979): A Tribute, by Martin Kamen

Hans Gaffron. 1902-1979. by Norman I. Bishop

1 Introduction t o Photosynthesis: Carbon Assimilation and Plant Productivity

I. Introduction

II. General Discussion

III. Conclusions

References

2 Introduction to Genetics and Molecular Biology of Photosynthetic Bacteria, Cyanobacteria,

and Chloroplasts

3 Genetics and Molecular Biology of Photosynthetic Bacteria and Cyanobacteria

I. Introduction

II. Genetic Organization of Photosynthetic Prokaryotes

III. Mutations Affecting Photosynthesis in the Rhodospirillaceae

IV. Genetic Exchange Systems and Genetic Mapping

V. Prospects for Applied Research

VI. Concluding Remarks

References

4 Molecular Biology of Chloroplasts

I. Introduction

II. The Chloroplast Genome

III. Chloroplast Ribonucleic Acid

IV. Evolution of the Chloroplast Genome

V. Conclusions

References

5 Biogenesis of the Photosynthetic Apparatus in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

I. Introduction

II. Formation of the Photosynthetic Apparatus in Facultative Phototrophic Bacteria

III. Formation of the Eukaryotic Photosynthetic Membranes

References

6 Carbon Dioxide Fixation Pathways in Plants and Bacteria

I. Introduction

II. The Reductive Pentose Phosphate Cycle

III. The Four-Carbon (C4) Intermediate Pathways

IV. Crassulacean Acid Metabolism

V. Possibilities for Plant Yield Improvement

VI. Carbon Dioxide Fixation in Photosynthetic Bacteria: Reductive Pentose Phosphate Cycle and Associated Reactions

VII. Ferredoxin-Linked Carbon Dioxide Assimilation in Photosynthetic Bacteria

VIII. Path of Carbon Dioxide Assimilation in Photosynthetic Green Bacteria

IX. Concluding Remarks

References

7 Photorespiration

I. Introduction

II. Photorespiration in C3 Plants

III. Photorespiration in C4 Plants

IV. Photorespiration in C3-C4 Intermediate Plants

V. Photorespiration in Other Plants and Bacteria

References

8 Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM)

I. Introduction

II. Basic Phenomena of CAM

III. The Metabolic Sequence of CAM

IV. Gas Exchange Linked with CAM

V. Ecology of CAM

VI. Productivity of CAM Plants

References

9 Environmental Regulation of Photosynthesis

I. Introduction

II. Analysis of Environmental Responses

III. Control of Photosynthesis by Light Intensity

VI. Control of Photosynthesis by Temperature

V. Water Stress and Photosynthesis

VI. Drought Resistance

VII. Responses to Limiting Nutrients and Salinity

VIII. Responses to Environmental Pollutants

IX. Conclusions

References

10 Translocation of Photosynthate

I. Photosynthesis, Translocation, and Crop Yield: Introductory Considerations

II. Relation between Translocation and Photosynthesis

III. Potential Means of Controlling Export

IV. Processes Affecting Export of Products of Photosynthesis

V. Conclusions

References

11 Predicting Photosynthesis

I. Introduction

II. Predicting Leaf Behavior

III. Predicting Canopy Behavior

IV. Biophysical Principles and General Philosophy

V. Conclusions

References

12 Prospects of Applying Knowledge of Photosynthesis toward Improving Crop Production

I. Introduction

II. Crop Capacity to Intercept Light

III. Breeding for Photosynthesis Rate

IV. Chemical Manipulation of Photosynthesis and Photorespiration

V. Conclusions

References

13 Global Photosynthesis in Relation to Our Food and Energy Needs

I. The Argument

II. Photosynthetic Productivity of the Biosphere

III. Fossilized Photosynthesis for Fuel

IV. The Global Carbon Cycle

V. Interactions between Photosynthesis, Food, and Fuels

VI. Conclusions: Photosynthetic Resources and Man's Future

References

Special Topics

14 Canopy Photosynthesis and Yield in Soybean

I. Introduction

II. Changes in Photosynthesis during the Day

III. Effect of Plant Population

IV. Effect of Shading

V. Photosynthetic Conversion Efficiency

VI. Discussion

References

15 The Functional Role of Biocarbonate in Photosynthetic Light Reaction II

I. Introduction

II. Binding of CO2 to the Photosystem II Complex

III. Dynamic Aspects of CO2 Binding

IV. The Active Forms of CO2

V. Location of the COf Binding Site

VI. Dual Effects of C02 Depletion

VII. Possible Roles for CO2 in Photosystem II Chemistry

VIII. Sites of Action of CO2

IX. A Working Hypothesis: Hydrated CO2 as the Immediate Source of Photosynthetic O2

X. Labeling the 02-Evolving Precursor

XI Conclusions

References

16 Bicarbonate or Carbon Dioxide as a Requirement for Efficient Electron Transport on the Acceptor Side of Photosystem II

I. Introduction

II. A Site of HCO3- Action on the Acceptor Side but Not on the Donor Side of Photosystem II

III. Postulated Effects of HCO3 on the Donor Side of Photosystem II

IV. Conclusions

References

Index