Pediatric Headache

1st Edition - October 13, 2021
Authors: Jack Gladstein, Christina L. Szperka, Amy A. Gelfand
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 8 3 0 0 5 - 8
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 8 3 0 0 6 - 5

Covering the topic of headache in children from the viewpoint of both primary care and neurology, Pediatric Headache provides concise, authoritative guidance on all aspects of thi… Read more

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Covering the topic of headache in children from the viewpoint of both primary care and neurology, Pediatric Headache provides concise, authoritative guidance on all aspects of this multifaceted subject. Drs. Jack Gladstein, Christina Szperka, and Amy Gelfand, each an expert in pediatric headache, contribute their considerable knowledge and expertise to assist neurologists, pediatricians, and primary care providers in providing optimal care to young patients.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
List of contributors
Preface
References
About the editors
Acknowledgments
Special thanks
Dedication
Part I: My headache story
Chapter 1: My headache story: A guide for families, primary care, and specialists
Abstract
For families
For primary care clinicians
For specialists
Barriers to effective headache visits
Further readings
Part II: Why does my head hurt?
Chapter 2: Why does my head hurt? You’re not the only one: Epidemiology
Abstract
Epidemiology: For families
Epidemiology: For primary care and specialists
Migraine
Tension-type headache
Trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias
Other primary headache disorders
New daily persistent headache
Secondary headache
References
Chapter 3: Pathophysiology of migraine
Abstract
For patients and families
For general practitioners
For specialists
References
Chapter 4: Genetics of migraine
Abstract
General practitioners
Specialists
Families
Conclusions
References
Part III: How did it get so bad?
Chapter 5: The “episodic syndromes”: I.e., what migraine looks like before it “looks like” migraine
Abstract
Introduction
Infant colic
Benign paroxysmal torticollis (BPT)
Benign paroxysmal vertigo (BPV)
Abdominal migraine
Cyclical vomiting syndrome (CVS)
Conclusions
References
Chapter 6: Effect of hormones
Abstract
Effect of hormones: What a headache specialist needs to know
The relationship between migraine and hormones: Information to help children and families
References
Chapter 7: Chronic migraine and other types of primary chronic daily headache
Abstract
Section A: What health care professionals need to know about chronic daily headache in children and adolescents
Other chronic headaches in children and adolescents
Section B: What patients and their families need to know about chronic daily headache in children and adolescents
References
Chapter 8: Comorbidities in children and adolescents
Abstract
Introduction
For general providers and headache specialists
For patients and families
References
Chapter 9: New daily persistent headache
Abstract
Epidemiology
Pathogenesis
Workup
Treatment
Prognosis
NDPH: What families need to know
References
Chapter 10: Posttraumatic headaches in youth
Abstract
Introduction
Information about posttraumatic headache for families
Information for primary care clinicians
Information for the headache specialist
References
Chapter 11: POTS and dysautonomia
Abstract
Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) and headache
Epidemiology
Pathophysiology
Clinical features common to headache disorders and POTS
Evaluation
Treatment
Volume expansion
Physical activity
Sleep
Identifying and managing triggers
Medical therapy
Prognosis
References
Part IV: Ways other people can help me get better
Section 1: Treatments for when symptoms are acting up
Chapter 12: Acute medications
Abstract
Treatments for when symptoms are acting up
What primary care providers need to know about acute medication treatments
Acute treatment options
What a headache specialist needs to know about acute medication treatments
References
Chapter 13: Acute behavioral headache management
Abstract
Distraction
Efficacy of distraction in pediatric acute pain
How to support your patients with distraction
Clinical hypnosis
Efficacy of hypnosis in pediatric acute pain
How to support your patients with clinical hypnosis
Relaxation strategies, mindfulness, and biofeedback
Cognitive reframing
Efficacy of cognitive reframing in acute pain episodes
How to support your patients with cognitive reframing
Parent education and family interactions
Efficacy of parental education
How to support families helping their child
Conclusion
References
Chapter 14: What should I expect when home therapy does not work
Abstract
Introduction to intravenous headache treatments for patients and families
What to do when the headache does not respond to an infusion in the emergency room
References
Section 2: Treatments for trying to settle down frequency
Chapter 15: Preventive treatments: Oral
Abstract
Introduction to preventive therapy
Information for clinicians
Pharmacologic preventive migraine treatment
How to implement preventive treatment in the clinical setting
References
Chapter 16: Preventive injections: onabotulinum toxin A and nerve blocks
Abstract
Onabotulinum toxin A
Nerve blocks including sphenopalatine ganglion blocks
References
Chapter 17: Preventive behavioral headache management
Abstract
Describing behavioral headache intervention to families
Summary of evidence-base
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)
Relaxation strategies
Biofeedback
Mindfulness
Parental role in preventive behavioral headache management
Conclusion
References
Section 3: Treatments that can act both acutely and preventively
Chapter 18: Devices
Abstract
Neuromodulation for migraine treatment
Transmagnetic stimulation (TMS)
Transcranial supraorbital nerve stimulator
Vagal nerve stimulation
Remote electrical neuromodulation device
References
Chapter 19: CGRP pathway treatments
Abstract
Introduction
CGRP pathway monoclonal antibodies for migraine prevention
Gepants
References
Chapter 20: Nonpharmaceutical options for pediatric headache: Nutraceuticals, manual therapies, and acupuncture
Abstract
Nutraceuticals
Manual therapies
Acupuncture
References
Part V: How can I get better? Things I can do for myself/my child
Chapter 21: Sleep and headache in children and adolescents
Abstract
For patient and family
For the primary care clinician
For the headache specialist
References
Chapter 22: Meals/food/diet/caffeine/hydration
Abstract
Meals
Food/diet
Hydration
Caffeine
Conclusion
References
Chapter 23: Activity/exercise including yoga
Abstract
Exercise and headache
Yoga and headache
References
Chapter 24: Managing migraine at school
Abstract
Myth busters
After the school bell rings…
Empowering your child
The perfect scenario…
A word about homebound, home-schooled, and online education
School health plans and 504 accommodations
Pace yourself
A message to kids about returning to school…
Summary
For primary care and specialty providers
Appendix: Supplementary material
Appendix: Supplementary material
References
Chapter 25: Advocacy for children with migraine
Abstract
Headache expert perspective
Family perspective
Advocacy plan of action
Advocacy organizations
References
Chapter 26: Growing up: Transitioning to adult care
Abstract
Headache specialist
Six T’s of transitioning health care of headache patients
Primary care providers
Patient and families
References
Part VI: Next steps
Chapter 27: How to set up a headache clinic
Abstract
Introduction
The societal impact of pediatric headache
The importance of evidence-based pediatric headache care
The structure of multidisciplinary headache care in the clinic setting
The structure of headache care in the acute setting
Chronic headache care
The evidence for multidisciplinary headache care
How to advocate for resources in a multidisciplinary headache clinic
Summary and recommendations
References
Chapter 28: Where can I learn more? A listing of resources
Abstract
Websites
Seminal articles
AAN/AHS pediatric migraine treatment guidelines
Index

Jack Gladstein

Jack Gladstein is Professor of Pediatrics and Neurology at the University Of Maryland School Of Medicine. Jack graduated Albert Einstein College of Medicine in 1983. He completed his Pediatric Residency and Chief residency at Einstein in 1987. He then went on to complete a fellowship in Adolescent Medicine at the University of Maryland Hospital in 1989. He has remained on faculty at the University ever since. He established the Pediatric Headache Clinic in 1989, which at that time was the second pediatric headache clinic in the US. Along with his busy pediatric headache practice, he is director of Inpatient Pediatrics at Maryland and served as Associate Dean for Student Affairs for many years. He was just appointed as Vice Chair for Faculty Affairs. He is a proud son, husband, father, and grandfather.

Affiliations and expertise

Professor of Pediatrics and Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States

Christina L. Szperka

Christina Szperka, MD, MSCE, has been interested in the treatment of chronic pain since she was an undergraduate at Amherst College, Amherst, MA, and focused on pediatric pain while pursuing her medical degree at Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT. Dr. Szperka completed residencies in pediatrics and child neurology at The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, and a fellowship in headache medicine at The Jefferson Headache Center at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital. She is board certified in Headache Medicine. She divides her time between patient care and projects aimed at improving the treatment of children with headaches. In 2013, she was named director of the newly formed Pediatric Headache Program. She has received grants to improve clinical care of and treatment options for headache.

Affiliations and expertise

Assistant Professor of Neurology & Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, and Director, Pediatric Headache Program, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States

Amy A. Gelfand

Dr. Amy Gelfand is an Associate Professor of Neurology & Pediatrics at the University of California, San Francisco. She directs the Child & Adolescent Headache Program at the UCSF Benioff Childrens’ Hospitals. Her research interests include examining the role of melatonin in the treatment of pediatric migraine, and the relationship between childhood periodic syndromes (such as infant colic, cyclic vomiting syndrome, benign paroxysmal torticollis, etc.,) and migraine in children and adolescents.

Affiliations and expertise

Director of Pediatric Headache, Associate Professor of Neurology & Pediatrics, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, UCSF Ron Conway Family, San Francisco, CA, United States