Nutrition in the Prevention and Treatment of Disease
4th Edition
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Description
Nutrition in the Prevention and Treatment of Disease, Fourth Edition, is a compilation of current knowledge in clinical nutrition and an overview of the rationale and science base of its application to practice in the prevention and treatment of disease. In its fourth edition, this text continues the tradition of incorporating new discoveries and methods related to this important area of research
Generating and analyzing data that summarize dietary intake and its association with disease are valuable tasks in treating disease and developing disease prevention strategies. Well-founded medical nutrition therapies can minimize disease development and related complications. Providing scientifically sound, creative, and effective nutrition interventions is both challenging and rewarding.
Key Features
- Two new chapters on metabolomics and translational research, which have come to be used in nutrition research in recent years. The new areas of study are discussed with the perspective that the application of the scientific method is by definition an evolutionary process.
- A new chapter on Genetics and Diabetes which reviews the latest research on causal genetic variants and biological mechanisms responsible for the disease, and explores potential interactions with environmental factors such as diet and lifestyle.
- Includes all major "omics" – the exposome, metabolomics, genomics, and the gut microbiome.
- Expands the microbiota portions to reflect complexity of diet on gut microbial ecology, metabolism and health
Readership
Upper division undergraduates and graduate students in nutrition and dietetics; professional nutritionists, dieticians, epidemiologists, general practitioners, nurse practitioners, and family medicine physicians
Table of Contents
Section I: Research Methodology
Part A: Assessment Methods for Research and Practice
Chapter 1. Dietary Assessment Methodology
- Abstract
- I Introduction
- II Dietary Assessment Methods
- III Dietary Assessment in Different Study Designs
- IV Dietary Assessment in Special Populations
- V Selected Issues in Dietary Assessment Methods
- Acknowledgments
- References
Chapter 2. Assessment of Dietary Supplement Use
- Abstract
- I Introduction
- II Methods for Assessing Dietary Supplement Intake
- III Dietary Supplement Composition Databases for Analysis of Dietary Supplement Intake
- IV The Dietary Supplement Label
- V Authoritative Information and Resources About Dietary Supplements
- VI How to Report Problems with Dietary Supplement Intake
- Conclusions
- References
Chapter 3. Physical and Clinical Assessment of Nutritional Status
- Abstract
- I Introduction
- II Assessment of Body Size and Shape
- III Assessment of Body Composition
- IV Clinical Considerations in Assessment of Nutrition Status
- V Conclusion
- References
Chapter 4. Energy Requirement Methodology
- Abstract
- I Introduction
- II Components of Daily Energy Expenditure
- III Total Energy Expenditure
- IV Recommended Energy Intakes
- References
Chapter 5. Metabolomics
- Abstract
- I Introduction
- II Specimens
- III Metabolomics Analytical Tools
- IV Data Analysis
- V Applications to Food and Nutrition
- VI Summary
- Acknowledgments
- References
Part B: Research and Applied Methods for Observational and Intervention Studies
Chapter 6. Translational Research: Concepts and Methods in Dissemination and Implementation Research
- Abstract
- I Introduction
- II Key Concepts in Translational Research
- III Common Frameworks in D&I Research
- IV Common Study Designs and Approaches in D&I Research
- V Measures in D&I
- VI Examples from the Literature
- VII Additional Resources
- VIII Conclusions
- References
Chapter 7. Overview of Nutritional Epidemiology
- Abstract
- I Introduction
- II Principles of Exposure Measurement in Nutritional Epidemiology
- III Study Designs Used in Nutritional Epidemiology
- IV Interpretation of Cause and Effect in Nutritional Epidemiology
- V Obstacles to Finding Associations of Dietary Intake and Disease Risk
- VI Future Research Directions
- References
Chapter 8. Analysis, Presentation, and Interpretation of Dietary Data
- Abstract
- I Introduction
- II Analysis of Dietary Data
- III Presentation of Data
- IV Interpretation of Data
- Conclusion
- References
Chapter 9. Current Theoretical Bases for Nutrition Intervention and Their Uses
- Abstract
- I Introduction
- II The Importance of Understanding Influences on Dietary Behavior
- III What Is Theory?
- IV Explanatory and Change Theories
- V Unique Features of Diet-Related Behavior to Consider When Using Theory
- VI Important Theories, Their Key Constructs, and Application
- VII Constructs and Issues Across Theories
- VIII Implications and Opportunities
- References
Chapter 10. Nutrition Intervention: Lessons From Clinical Trials
- Abstract
- I Introduction
- II Common Components of Dietary Interventions in Clinical Trials
- III Conceptual Models of Motivation
- IV Theories Used in Achieving Dietary Behavior Change in Clinical Trials
- V Summary
- References
Chapter 11. Biomarkers and Their Use in Nutrition Intervention
- Abstract
- I Introduction
- II Biomarkers of Dietary Intake or Exposure
- III Functional Biomarkers and Markers of Biological Effects
- IV Biomarkers of Genetic Susceptibility
- V Metabolomics for Biomarker Discovery
- VI Criteria for Selecting and Using Biomarkers
- VII Summary
- References
Section II: Nutrition for Health Maintenance, Prevention, and Disease-Specific Treatment
Part A: Food and Nutrient Intake for Health
Chapter 12. Nutrition Guidelines to Promote and Maintain Health
- Abstract
- I Introduction and Objectives
- II Guidelines on Human Nutrient Requirements
- III Federal Nutrition-Related Health Policies
- IV Expert Guidelines on Nutrient Requirements for Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention
- V Using Nutrition Policies and Expert Guidelines to Inform the Professional Practice of Nutrition
- VI Summary
- References
Chapter 13. Nutritional Recommendations for Athletes
- Abstract
- I Introduction
- II Energy Requirements for Athletes
- III Macronutrient Recommendations for Athletes
- IV Micronutrient Requirements for Athletes
- V Fluid Requirements for Athletes
- VI Summary and Conclusions
- References
Chapter 14. Nutrition for Children With Special Health Care Needs
- Abstract
- I Introduction
- II The Role of Nutrition in Preventing Developmental Problems
- III The Functional Approach to Nutrition Assessment for Children with Special Needs
- IV Evidence-Based Interventions for Selected Conditions
- V Conclusion
- References
Part B: Dietary Bioactive Compounds for Health
Chapter 15. Bioavailability and Metabolism of Bioactive Compounds From Foods
- Abstract
- I Introduction
- II Bioavailability of Water-Soluble Compounds
- III Lipid-Soluble Compounds
- IV Summary
- References
Chapter 16. Antioxidants in Health and Disease
- Abstract
- I Introduction
- II Antioxidants in Disease Etiology, Prevention, and Treatment
- III Overall Conclusion and Discussion
- References
Chapter 17. Choline and Brain Development
- Abstract
- I Introduction
- II Choline Metabolism and Biochemistry
- III Choline in Foods and Dietary Requirements
- IV Choline and Neural Development
- V Long-Lasting Consequences of Prenatal Choline Availability
- VI Implications for Human Brain Development
- Acknowledgment
- References
Chapter 18. Dietary Phytochemicals in Neurodegenerative Disease
- Abstract
- I Introduction
- II Alzheimer’s Disease
- III Parkinson’s Disease
- IV Dietary Plants and Neurodegenerative Disease
- V Neuroprotective Effects of Phytochemicals in AD Models
- VI Neuroprotective Effects of Phytochemicals in PD Models
- VII Neuroprotective Mechanisms of Phytochemicals
- VIII Conclusions and Future Directions
- References
Chapter 19. Diet and Supplements in the Prevention and Treatment of Eye Diseases
- Abstract
- I Introduction
- II Lutein, Zeaxanthin, and Eye Health Throughout the Lifespan
- III Cataract
- IV Age-Related Macular Degeneration
- V Diabetic Retinopathy
- VI Glaucoma
- VII Chapter Summary
- Acknowledgments
- References
Chapter 20. Phytochemicals in the Prevention and Treatment of Obesity and Its Related Cancers
- Abstract
- I Introduction
- II Role of Adipose Tissue in Obesity
- III Obesity-Related Cancers
- IV Phytochemicals in Obesity and Its Related Cancers
- V Conclusion
- References
Part C: Overweight and Obesity
Chapter 21. Genetics of Nonsyndromic Human Obesity, With Suggestions for New Studies From Work in Mouse Models
- Abstract
- I Introduction
- II The Big Picture—How Much Obesity Is Due to Genetics
- III Why Finding Obesity Genes Matters
- IV The Search for Obesity Genes
- V Gene–Environment Interactions
- VI Genetic Pathways of Obesity
- VII Clinical Implications of the Discovery of Obesity Genes
- References
Chapter 22. Obesity: Overview of Medical Treatments and Interventions
- Abstract
- I Introduction
- II Assessment of Overweight and Obesity
- III Selecting Treatment Options
- IV Pharmaceutical Interventions
- V Weight Maintenance
- VI Pediatric and Adolescent Obesity
- VII The Future of Obesity
- VIII Conclusion
- References
Chapter 23. Surgery for Severe Obesity
- Abstract
- I Introduction
- II Bariatric Surgical Procedures
- III Weight-Loss Surgeries
- IV Clinical Aspects
- V Preoperative Assessment
- VI Postoperative Management
- VII Long-Term Concerns
- VIII Conclusion
- References
Chapter 24. Behavioral Risk Factors for Overweight and Obesity: Diet and Physical Activity
- Abstract
- I Introduction
- II Obesity and Overweight
- III Dietary Intake Factors
- IV Physical Activity
- V Conclusion
- References
Chapter 25. Snacking and Energy Balance in Humans
- Abstract
- I Introduction
- II Definition of Snacking
- III Prevalence of Snacking
- IV Snacking and Type of Food Consumed
- V Snacking and Energy Balance
- VI Snacking as Part of a Healthy Diet
- VII Conclusions
- References
Part D: Cardiovascular Disease
Chapter 26. Genetic Influences on Blood Lipids and Cardiovascular Disease Risk
- Abstract
- I Introduction
- II Representative GWAS
- III Development of Cardiovascular Score
- Acknowledgments
- References
Chapter 27. The Role of Diet in the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease
- Abstract
- I Introduction
- II Effects of Macronutrients on CVD Risk Factors
- III Evidence-Based Dietary Patterns for Reducing CVD Risk
- IV Conclusions
- References
Chapter 28. Nutrition, Lifestyle, and Hypertension
- Abstract
- I Introduction
- II Micronutrients
- III Macronutrients
- IV Other Foods and Dietary Factors
- V Dietary Patterns
- VI Weight Reduction and Multilifestyle Modification
- VII Current Recommendations and Implementation
- VIII Summary
- References
Part E: Diabetes Mellitus
Chapter 29. Genetics and Diabetes
- Abstract
- I Introduction
- II Diagnosis of Diabetes and Nongenetic Risk Factors
- III Heritability and Monogenic Forms of Diabetes
- IV Linkage Analysis and Candidate-Gene-Based Association Studies
- V GWAS of Type 2 Diabetes
- VI GWAS of Type 2 Diabetes-Related Quantitative Traits
- VII Fine-Mapping of Identified Type 2 Diabetes Loci
- VIII Sequencing and Rare Variants
- IX Genetic Risk Score and Prediction Model for Type 2 Diabetes
- X Gene–Environment Interactions in Type 2 Diabetes and Diabetes-Related Traits
- XI Challenge and Future Direction
- XII Summary
- References
Chapter 30. Obesity and the Risk for Type 2 Diabetes
- Abstract
- I Introduction
- II Diagnostic Criteria for Obesity and Diabetes
- III Epidemiological Evidence for a Relationship of Obesity and Diabetes
- IV Prevention of Diabetes by Preventing Obesity
- References
- Further Reading
Chapter 31. The Role of Diet in the Prevention and Treatment of Diabetes
- Abstract
- I Introduction
- II Diagnostic Criteria and Diabetes Categories
- III MNT for Diabetes Prevention and Treatment
- IV Approaches to Treat Comorbidities and Reduce Complications
- V Nutrient Intake Considerations
- VI Collaborative Efforts for Diabetes Prevention and Treatment
- VII Conclusion
- References
Chapter 32. Nutritional Management for Gestational Diabetes
- Abstract
- I Introduction
- II Prevalence
- III Risk Factors
- IV Complications Associated with GDM
- V Screening and Diagnosis
- VI Weight Gain in Pregnancy
- VII Monitoring in Pregnancy
- VIII Nutrition Management
- IX Physical Activity
- X Pharmacological Therapy
- XI Diabetes Self-Management Education and Behavioral Approach
- XII Postpartum
- XIII Conclusion
- References
Part F: Cancer
Chapter 33. Interaction of Genetic Factors With Nutrition in Cancer
- Abstract
- I Introduction
- II Background and Definitions
- III Mechanisms of Diet–Gene Interactions
- IV Methodological Issues
- V Diet–Gene Interactions and Cancer
- VI Future Directions
- References
Chapter 34. Nutrition and Cancers of the Breast, Endometrium, and Ovary
- Abstract
- I Introduction
- II Breast Cancer
- III Endometrial Cancer
- IV Ovarian Cancer
- V Summary and Conclusion
- References
Chapter 35. Nutrition and Prostate Cancer
- Abstract
- I Introduction
- II Descriptive Epidemiology of Prostate Cancer
- III Studies of Diet in Relation to Prostate Cancer
- IV Genetics and Gene–Environment Interactions
- V Conclusions and Implications for Prevention and Treatment
- References
Chapter 36. Nutrition and Colon Cancer
- Abstract
- I Introduction
- II Fruits, Vegetables, and Legumes
- III Meat
- IV Milk and Dairy Foods
- V Whole Grains
- VI Beverages
- VII Summary
- References
Part G: Gastrointestinal Health and Disease
Chapter 37. Intestinal Microbiota and Diet in Health
- Abstract
- I Introduction
- II Distribution and Diversity of the Human Intestinal Microbiota
- III Bacterial Colonization, Succession, and Metabolism
- IV Functions of the GI Tract Microbiota
- V Methodology for Studying Intestinal Microbiota
- VI Influence of Diet on Intestinal Microbiota
- VII Microbiome-Associated Biomarkers
- VIII Challenges in the Field
- References
Chapter 38. Gut Microbial Metabolism in Health and Disease
- Abstract
- I Introduction to the Gut Microbiota
- II Conclusion
- References
Chapter 39. Nutritional Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Short Bowel Syndrome
- Abstract
- I Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- II Short Bowel Syndrome
- III Conclusions
- References
Chapter 40. Nutrient Considerations in Lactose Intolerance
- Abstract
- I Introduction
- II Lactose in the Diet
- III Digestion of Lactose
- IV Loss of Lactase Activity
- V Diagnosis of Lactose Maldigestion
- VI Lactose Maldigestion and Intolerance Symptoms
- VII Lactose Digestion, Calcium, and Osteoporosis
- VIII Dietary Management for Lactose Maldigestion
- IX Gene Therapy for Lactose Intolerance
- X Prebiotics as Treatment for Lactose Maldigesters
- XI Summary
- References
Chapter 41. Nutritional Considerations in the Management of Gluten-Related Disorders
- Abstract
- I Introduction
- II Symptoms of Celiac Disease
- III Diagnosis of Celiac Disease
- IV Treatment of Celiac Disease with a Gluten-Free Diet
- V Management of the Complications of Celiac Disease
- VI Summary
- References
Chapter 42. Nutrition and Cystic Fibrosis
- Abstract
- I Overview of Cystic Fibrosis
- II Malnutrition in CF
- III Nutrition Assessment
- IV Nutrition Management
- V Conclusions
- References
Part H: Bone Health and Disease
Chapter 43. Current Understanding of Vitamin D Metabolism, Nutritional Status, and Role in Disease Prevention
- Abstract
- I Introduction
- II Metabolism of Vitamin D
- III Sources of Vitamin D
- IV Vitamin D Nutritional Status Assessment and Relation to Disease Risk
- V Dietary Requirements
- VI Safety of Vitamin D
- VII Future Considerations
- VIII Conclusion
- References
Chapter 44. Osteoporosis: The Early Years
- Abstract
- I Introduction
- II Acquiring Peak Bone Mass and Bone Strength
- III Skeletal Fragility in Children
- IV Nutrition and Development of Peak Bone Mass
- V Conclusion
- References
Chapter 45. Osteoporosis in Adults
- Abstract
- I Introduction
- II The Skeleton
- III Adult Bone Maintenance
- IV Diagnosis of Osteoporosis
- V Osteoporosis Prevention and Treatment
- VI Conclusion
- References
Details
- No. of pages:
- 1072
- Language:
- English
- Copyright:
- © Academic Press 2017
- Published:
- 28th April 2017
- Imprint:
- Academic Press
- eBook ISBN:
- 9780128029473
- Hardcover ISBN:
- 9780128029282
About the Editors
Ann Coulston
Ann M. Coulston, MS, RD, has a more than 20-year history of clinical research at Stanford University Medical Center where her research centered on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, the nutritional management of diabetes, and insulin resistance. She has provided nutrition consultation to the food and healthcare industry, public relations firms, and Internet companies. She is past-president of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics (formerly the American Dietetic Association) and has been recognized by the American Dietetic Association Foundation for excellence in the practice of clinical nutrition and the practice of research.
Affiliations and Expertise
Nutrition Consultant, Santa Fe, NM, USA
Carol Boushey
Carol J. Boushey, PHD, MPH, RD, is an Associate Researcher in the Epidemiology Program of the University of Hawaii Cancer Center and an Adjunct Professor in the Nutrition Science Department at Purdue University. Her research includes dietary assessment methods, dietary patterns, and quantitative methods. At the Cancer Center, she directs the Nutrition Shared Resource. She serves on the editorial board of the Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics and the Nutrition Committee of the American Heart Association.
Affiliations and Expertise
Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
Mario Ferruzzi
Mario G. Ferruzzi, PhD is a Professor of Food Science and Nutrition at Purdue University. His research interests are in the area of phytochemical bioavailability, metabolism and their role in chronic disease prevention. Additionally, he has industrial experience in product research and development. Prior to joining Purdue in 2004, he was a Research & Development Scientist with Nestlé R&D in Marysville, OH and Lausanne, Switzerland. He is a member of the Institute of Food Technologists (IFT), the American Society for Nutrition (ASN), and the American Chemical Society (ACS).
Affiliations and Expertise
Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
Linda Delahanty
Linda Delahanty, MS, RDN, LD is Chief Dietitian and Director of Nutrition and Behavioral Research at Massachusetts General Hospital’s Diabetes Center and Assistant Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School. She is a nationally recognized authority on nutrition and lifestyle interventions for the treatment of diabetes and obesity. She was a recipient of the National Award for Excellence in the Practice of Dietetics Research and the Medallion Award for lifetime achievement in the dietetics profession from the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics and received the American Diabetes Association’s Outstanding Educator in Diabetes Award in 2015.
She was chair of the Dietitians Committee for the landmark Diabetes Control and Complications Trial and was one of the architects of the lifestyle interventions for the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial, the Diabetes Prevention Program, Look AHEAD and the TODAY study. Ms Delahanty has been a co-investigator in four NIH-funded multi-center clinical trials and is currently one of the Principal Investigators for the NIH-funded REAL HEALTH Diabetes study to translate the Look AHEAD lifestyle intervention into primary care.
Affiliations and Expertise
Assistant Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Director of Nutrition and Behavioral Research, Massachusetts General Hospital Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA
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