Novel Approaches to Cancer Chemotherapy

1st Edition - January 1, 1984
Editor: Prasad S. Sunkara
Language: English
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 1 - 4 8 3 2 - 7 2 1 7 - 7

Novel Approaches to Cancer Chemotherapy compiles theories in tumor biology, emphasizing their potential use in developing therapeutic approaches to cancer therapy. This book… Read more

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Novel Approaches to Cancer Chemotherapy compiles theories in tumor biology, emphasizing their potential use in developing therapeutic approaches to cancer therapy. This book emphasizes the unique property of a cancer cell and describes in detail how a novel therapeutic approach can be developed. This compilation consists of 11 chapters. Chapters 1, 2, 5, 6, and 7 deal with emerging areas of cancer therapy, such as the use of interferon, monoclonal antibodies, liposomes, lymphokines, and immunomodulators. The rest of the chapters cover some of the biochemical and enzyme targets in cancer cells, such as polyamines, prostaglandin, thromboxane, leukotrienes, 5a-reductase, aromatase, cell membrane glycoproteins, and sodium flux. The developments in relation to cancer therapy are mentioned in chapters dealing with biochemical approaches. This book is valuable to biologists, biochemists, immunologists, and molecular biologists intending to exploit the unique properties of cancer cells.

Contributors

Preface

1 Interferon and Cancer: Current Use and Novel Approaches

I. Introduction

II. Interferon Clinical Trials

III. Combination Therapies

IV. A Murine B16 Melanoma Model for Assessment of Therapy of Lymph Node Metastases

V. Potential for Direct Cytolysis of Tumor Cells by Interferon

VI. Activation of NK Cells

VII. Interferon and Hematopoiesis

VIII. Conclusions

References

2 Monoclonal Antibodies in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer

I. Introduction

II. Methodology

III. Diagnostic Uses of Monoclonal Antibodies

IV. Therapeutic Uses of Monoclonal Antibodies

V. Conclusions

References

3 Inhibitors of Polyamine Biosynthesis as Antitumor and Antimetastatic Agents

I. Introduction

II. Polyamine Biosynthesis

III. Polyamine Catabolism

IV. Polyamines in Growth and Development

V. Polyamines and Differentiation

VI. Polyamines and Cell Cycle

VII. Polyamine Biosynthesis in Normal and Transformed Cells

VIII. Inhibitors of Polyamine Biosynthesis

IX. Activity of DFMO Against Experimental Tumors

X. DFMO and Clinical Cancer

XI. Summary

References

4 Prostaglandin, Thromboxane, and Leukotriene Biosynthesis: Target for Antitumor and Antimetastatic Agents

I. Introduction: Arachidonic Acid Metabolism

II. Modulators of Arachidonate Metabolism as Chemopreventative Agents: Inhibition of Tumor Initiation

III. Inhibition of Tumor Promotion

IV. Overview of the Metastatic Cascade

V. Prostacyclin, Thromboxanes, and Tumor Cell Metastasis

VI. Conclusion

References

5 Liposomes as a Drug Delivery System in Cancer Therapy

I. Introduction

II. Liposomes

III. Therapy of Experimental Animal Tumors Using Liposomes Containing Antineoplastic Drugs

IV. Liposome Targeting

V. Tumor Cell Heterogeneity and Cancer Therapy

VI. Ligand-Directed Targeting of Liposomes within the Vascular Compartment

VII. Passive Targeting of Liposome-Encapsulated Drugs to Mononuclear Phagocytes and Augmentation of Host Resistance to Tumors and Microorganisms

VIII. Physicochemical Targeting of Liposomes in Cancer Chemotherapy

IX. Liposomes and Drug Delivery to Lymph Nodes

X. Liposome Toxicity and Adverse Complications of Liposome Uptake by Mononuclear Phagocytes

XI. Clinical Trials and Commercial Development of Liposomes as Drug Carriers

XII. Conclusions

References

6 Macrophage Activation by Lymphokines: Usefulness as Antimetastatic Agents

I. Introduction

II. Interaction of Macrophages with Heterogeneous Neoplasms

III. Manipulations of Macrophages for Treatment of Metastases

IV. Activation of Tumoricidal Properties of Human Monocytes In Vitro by Liposome-Encapsulated Human Lymphokines

V. Selective Destruction of Tumor Cells by Human Monocytes Activated with Liposome-Encapsulated MAF

VI. Conclusions

References

7 Tuftsin: A Naturally Occurring Immunomodulating Antitumor Tetratpeptide

I. Introduction

II. Biology and Chemistry of Tuftsin

III. Antitumor Activity of Tuftsin

IV. Antimicrobial Activity of Tuftsin

V. Concluding Remarks

References

8 5α-Reductase: A Target Enzyme for Prostatic Cancer

I. Introduction

II. Historical Background

III. The Androgen Receptor and the Mechanism of Action of Androgens Within the Prostatic Cell

IV. 5α-Reductase, Dihydrotestosterone, and the Human Prostate

V. Dihydrotestosterone and Prostatic Cancer

VI. Steroid Biochemistry of the Normal Prostatic Cell

VII. Hormone Sensitivity of the Neoplastic Prostatic Cell

VII. A New Approach to Palliative Treatment of Prostate Cancer

IX. 5α-Reductase as a Target Enzyme for Prostatic Cancer

X. 5α-Reductase Inhibitors Active In Vivo

XI. Summary

Addendum

References

9 Aromatase: A Target Enzyme in Breast Cancer

I. Introduction

II. Aromatase System

III. Biological Evaluations

IV. Summary

References

10 Cell Membranes: Targets for Selective Antitumor Chemotherapy

I. Is Cancer a Disease of Abnormal Growth or of Cell Recognition?

II. Membrane Targets and Strategies for Selective Antitumor Therapy

III. Summary

References

11 Intervention of Sodium Flux as a Target for Cancer Chemotherapy

I. Introduction

II. Ionic Differences Between Normal and Tumor Cells

III. Common Ionic Events Associated with the Stimulation of Quiescent Cells to Divide

IV. Properties and Mode of Action of Amiloride

V. Effect of Amiloride on Inhibition of Normal and Tumor Cell Proliferation

VI. Search for Other Blockers of Electrolyte Flux as Potential Inhibitors of Cell Proliferation

References

Index