Normal Personality Processes

Progress in Experimental Personality Research

1st Edition - June 28, 1982
Editors: Brendan A. Maher, Winifred B. Maher
Language: English
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 1 - 4 8 3 2 - 1 9 2 5 - 7

Progress in Experimental Personality Research, Volume 11: Normal Personality Processes focuses on the experimental study of normal personality, emphasizing the problems of… Read more

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Progress in Experimental Personality Research, Volume 11: Normal Personality Processes focuses on the experimental study of normal personality, emphasizing the problems of measurement and method. This book begins with an innovative proposal for an approach to the measurement of personality, followed by an analysis of the central role that is played by the “illusory correlation” effect in human assessments of the traits of other people as well as of self. The framework for the study of personality that is based on the analysis of cognitive processes and problem of measurement validity in the assessment of behavior and personality in children are also covered. This publication concludes with a description of the state of evidence bearing on the provocative model of national differences. This volume is recommended for psychologists and specialists concerned with personality processes or psychopathology.

Contributors

Preface

Contents of Previous Volumes

The Case for an Idiothetic Psychology of Personality: A Conceptual and Empirical Foundation

I. Introduction and Statement of Purpose

II. The Need for an Alternative Research Strategy in Personality Psychology

III. Toward the Interface of Cognition and Personality via Interactive Measurement

IV. Overview and Conclusion

References

Fact and Artifact in Trait Perception: The Systematic Distortion Hypothesis

I. Introduction: The Systematic Distortion Hypothesis

II. The Systematic Distortion Hypothesis: Testing the Hypothesis

III. The Systematic Distortion Hypothesis and Personality Structure

IV. The Systematic Distortion Hypothesis and Implicit Personality Theory

V. Conclusion: From Likeness to Likelihood

References

The Theory of Cognitive Orientation: Widening the Scope of Behavior Prediction

I. Introduction

II. Cognitive Orientation Theory: The Submolar Level

III. Cognitive Orientation Theory: Determinants of Molar Behavior

IV. Some Elements of Technique

V. Brief Review of Former Studies

VI. Replications of Former Studies

VII. Predicting Behavior in Normals: New Studies

VIII. Studies in Psychopathology

IX. Predicting Behavior when Meaning of Situations Is Explicitly Known

X. "Decision by Meaning": A Model of Decision Making Embedded within the Cognitive Orientation Theory

XI. Development of Clustering

XII. Formation and Retrieval of Beliefs

XIII. Concluding Remarks: Prediction and Determinism

References

Validity of Children's Self-Reports of Psychological Qualities

I. Introduction: The Concept of Self

II. Study 1: Rationale

III. Study 2: Rationale

IV. Study 3: Rationale

V. General Discussion

References

National Differences in Anxiety and Extroversion

I. Measurement of National Differences in Anxiety and Extroversion from Demographic Data

II. Factor Structure of Demographic Phenomena among Nations

III. Interpretation of the Two Demographic Factors

IV. Scoring Nations for Anxiety and Extroversion

V. Criticisms of the Theory

VI. Effects of World War II on National Levels of Anxiety and Extroversion

VII. Questionnaire Data on National Differences in Anxiety and Extroversion

VIII. Some Possible Causes of National Differences in Personality

IX. Summary

References

Index