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Newman and Carranza’s Clinical Periodontology for the Dental Hygienist
- 1st Edition - March 24, 2020
- Authors: Michael G. Newman, Gwendolyn Essex, Lory Laughter, Satheesh Elangovan
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 7 0 8 4 1 - 8
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 7 0 8 4 2 - 5
The complete health-focused approach makes this a must-have instructional resource to support you throughout your Dental Hygiene educational program and beyond. Based on the tru… Read more
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Request a sales quoteThe complete health-focused approach makes this a must-have instructional resource to support you throughout your Dental Hygiene educational program and beyond. Based on the trusted content in Newman and Carranza’s Clinical Periodontology, the most widely used periodontal textbook in the world, this resource provides the most up-to-date, complete, and essential information. The broad range of content covers everything from the biology of the periodontium – how it’s structured and the functions it serves, the new classification of periodontal disease, the link between periodontal disease and systemic health, and more. An extensive clinical section contains a complete guide to everything from procedure instrumentation to patient management at the point of care. Full color photos, illustrations, radiographs show how to perform periodontal procedures. Case based practice questions and skill evaluation checklists promote board-exam readiness. The clear instruction and health-focused approach provides support throughout the Dental Hygiene program and beyond.
- Cover image
- Title Page
- Table of Contents
- Copyright
- About the Authors
- Editorial Board
- Contributors
- Preface
- Acknowledgments
- Video Contents
- 1 The Historical Background of Periodontology
- Abstract
- Early Civilizations
- The Classical World
- The Middle Ages
- The Renaissance
- The 18th Century
- The 19th Century
- The 20th Century
- References
- Part 1 Evidence-Based Practice
- 2 Evidence-Based Decision Making
- Abstract
- Background and Definition
- Principles of Evidence-Based Decision Making
- Evidence-Based Decision-Making Process and Skills
- Conclusion
- References
- 3 Critical Thinking
- Abstract
- Tools for Assessing Scientific Evidence
- Conclusion
- References
- Part 2 Biologic Basis of Periodontology
- Section 1 Normal Periodontium
- 4 Anatomy, Structure, and Function of the Periodontium
- Abstract
- Oral Mucosa
- Gingiva
- Periodontal Ligament
- Cementum
- Alveolar Process
- Development of the Attachment Apparatus
- External Forces and the Periodontium
- Vascularization of the Supporting Structures
- References
- 5 Aging and the Periodontium
- Abstract
- Effects of Aging on the Periodontium
- Effects of Aging on the Progression of Periodontal Diseases
- Aging and the Response to Treatment of the Periodontium
- References
- Section 2 Classification and Epidemiology of Periodontal Diseases
- 6 Classification of Diseases and Conditions Affecting the Periodontium
- Abstract
- 2018 Periodontal Disease Classification System
- 1999 Periodontal Disease Classification System
- References
- 7 Fundamentals in the Methods of Periodontal Disease Epidemiology
- Abstract
- The Need for Epidemiology
- Epidemiologic Study Designs
- Causes
- Suspected Modifiable Causative Factors for Periodontal Disease
- Diagnosis
- References
- Section 3 Etiology of Periodontal Diseases
- 8 Periodontal Disease Pathogenesis and Genetics
- Abstract
- Histopathology of Periodontal Disease
- Inflammatory Responses in the Periodontium
- Linking Pathogenesis to Clinical Signs of Disease
- Resolution of Inflammation
- Immune Responses in Periodontal Pathogenesis
- Concept of Host Susceptibility
- Genetics of Periodontal Disease Risk and Treatment
- References
- 9 Biofilm and Periodontal Microbiology and Molecular Biology,
- Abstract
- The Oral Cavity From a Microbe's Perspective
- Bacteria and Their Biofilm Mode of Living
- Characteristics of Biofilm Bacteria (Life in “Slime City”)
- Bacterial Transmission and Translocation
- Nonbacterial Inhabitants of the Oral Cavity
- Microbiologic Specificity of Periodontal Diseases
- The Transition From Health to Disease
- Virulence Factors of Periodontopathogens
- Future Advances in Periodontal Microbiology
- Molecular Biology of Host–Microbe Interactions
- Microbe-Associated Molecular Patterns
- Toll-Like Receptors
- Nucleotide-Binding Oligomerization Domain–Like Receptors
- Complement System
- Antimicrobial Peptides
- References
- 10 Resolution of Inflammation,
- Abstract
- Inflammation
- Acute Inflammation Is Self-Limited
- Unresolved Chronic Inflammation in Periodontal Diseases
- Therapeutic Actions of Resolution Mediators
- Final Remarks
- References
- 11 Smoking and Periodontal Disease,
- Abstract
- The Smoking Epidemic
- Effects of Smoking on the Prevalence and Severity of Periodontal Diseases
- Effects of Smoking on the Etiology and Pathogenesis of Periodontal Disease
- Effects of Smoking on the Response to Periodontal Therapy
- Effects of Smoking Cessation on Periodontal Treatment Outcomes
- References
- 12 The Role of Dental Calculus and Other Local Predisposing Factors
- Abstract
- Calculus
- Other Predisposing Factors
- References
- Section 4 Relationship Between Periodontal Disease and Systemic Health
- 13 Influence of Systemic Conditions
- Abstract
- Endocrine Disorders and Hormonal Changes
- Hematologic Disorders and Immune Deficiencies
- Genetic Disorders
- Stress and Psychosomatic Disorders
- Nutritional Influences
- Medications
- Other Systemic Conditions
- Conclusion
- References
- 14 Impact of Periodontal Infection on Systemic Health
- Abstract
- Pathobiology of Periodontitis
- Focal Infection Theory Revisited
- Evidence-Based Clinical Practice
- Subgingival Environment as a Reservoir for Bacteria
- Periodontal Disease and Mortality
- Periodontal Disease, Coronary Heart Disease, and Atherosclerosis
- Periodontal Disease and Stroke
- Periodontal Disease and Diabetes Mellitus
- Periodontal Disease and Pregnancy Outcome
- Periodontal Disease and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
- Periodontal Disease and Acute Respiratory Infections
- Periodontal Disease and Asthma
- Periodontal Medicine in Clinical Practice
- Conclusions
- References
- Section 5 Gingival Pathology
- 15 Defense Mechanisms of the Gingiva
- Abstract
- Sulcular Fluid
- Leukocytes in the Dentogingival Area
- Saliva
- References
- 16 Gingival Inflammation
- Abstract
- Stage I Gingival Inflammation: The Initial Lesion
- Stage II Gingival Inflammation: The Early Lesion
- Stage III Gingival Inflammation: The Established Lesion
- Stage IV Gingival Inflammation: The Advanced Lesion
- References
- 17 Clinical Features of Gingivitis
- Abstract
- Course and Duration
- Description
- Clinical Findings
- Gingival Bleeding on Probing
- Gingival Bleeding Caused by Local Factors
- Gingival Bleeding Associated With Systemic Changes
- Color Changes in the Gingiva
- Color Changes Associated With Systemic Factors
- Changes in Gingival Consistency
- Changes in Gingival Surface Texture
- Changes in Gingival Position
- Changes in Gingival Contour
- References
- 18 Gingival Enlargement,
- Abstract
- Terminology and Classification
- Diagnosis
- Types of Gingival Enlargement
- Other Forms of Gingival Enlargement
- References
- 19 Acute Gingival Infections
- Abstract
- Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis
- Primary Herpetic Gingivostomatitis
- Pericoronitis
- Conclusions
- References
- 20 Gingival Disease in Childhood
- Abstract
- Periodontium of the Primary Dentition
- Periodontal Changes Associated With Normal Development
- Gingival Diseases of Childhood
- Periodontal Diseases of Childhood
- Gingival Manifestation of Systemic Disease in Children
- Oral Mucosa in Childhood Diseases
- Therapeutic Considerations for Pediatric Patients
- Conclusions
- References
- 21 Desquamative Gingivitis
- Abstract
- Chronic Desquamative Gingivitis
- Diagnosis of Desquamative Gingivitis: a Systematic Approach
- Diseases That Can Manifest as Desquamative Gingivitis
- Drug-Related Eruptions
- References
- Section 6 Periodontal Pathology
- 22 The Periodontal Pocket and Associated Pathologies
- Abstract
- Pocket Classification
- Clinical Features
- Pathogenesis
- Histopathology
- Periodontal Disease Activity
- Site Specificity
- Pulp Changes Associated With Periodontal Pockets
- Relationship of Attachment Loss and Bone Loss to Pocket Depth
- Area Between Base of Pocket and Alveolar Bone
- Relationship of Pocket to Bone
- Periodontal Abscess
- Lateral Periodontal Cyst
- References
- 23 Bone Loss and Patterns of Bone Destruction
- Abstract
- Bone Destruction Caused by the Extension of Gingival Inflammation
- Bone Destruction Caused by Trauma From Occlusion
- Bone Destruction Caused by Systemic Disorders
- Factors Determining Bone Morphology in Periodontal Disease
- Bone Destruction Patterns in Periodontal Disease
- Conclusion
- References
- 24 Masticatory System Disorders That Influence the Periodontium
- Abstract
- Temporomandibular Joint
- Muscles and Nerves of the Masticatory System
- Centric Relation
- Dysfunction and Deterioration
- Orofacial Pain
- Acknowledgments
- References
- 25 Chronic Periodontitis,
- Abstract
- Clinical Features
- Risk Factors for Disease
- References
- References
- References
- 26 Aggressive Periodontitis (Periodontitis Grade C)
- Abstract
- Overview
- Classification and Clinical Characteristics
- Epidemiology
- Pathobiology and Risk Factors
- Therapeutic Considerations in Aggressive Periodontitis Patients
- References
- 27 Necrotizing Ulcerative Periodontitis
- Abstract
- Clinical Features
- Microscopic Findings
- Patients With HIV/AIDS
- Etiology of Necrotizing Ulcerative Periodontitis
- Malnutrition
- Conclusion
- References
- 28 Pathology and Management of Periodontal Problems in Patients With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection,
- Abstract
- Pathogenesis
- Classification and Staging
- Complications of Dental Treatment
- Gingival and Periodontal Diseases
- Periodontal Treatment Protocol
- References
- Part 3 Clinical Periodontics
- Section 1 Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Treatment Plan
- 29 Levels of Clinical Significance
- Abstract
- Tangible Versus Intangible Benefits
- Size of the Treatment Effect
- Defining Four Levels of Clinical Significance
- Summary
- References
- 30 Periodontal Examination and Diagnosis
- Abstract
- Overall Appraisal of the Patient
- Health History
- Dental History
- Photographic Documentation
- Clinical Examination
- Tactile Periodontal Examination
- Periodontal Charting
- Examination of the Teeth and Implants
- Radiographic Examination
- Laboratory Aids to Clinical Diagnosis
- Periodontal Diagnosis
- Assessment of Biofilm Control and Patient Education
- Conclusion
- References
- 31 Radiographic Aids in the Diagnosis of Periodontal Disease
- Abstract
- Normal Interdental Bone
- Radiographic Techniques
- Bone Destruction in Periodontal Disease
- Radiographic Appearance of Periodontal Disease
- Digital Intraoral Radiography
- Advanced Imaging Modalities
- Conclusion
- References
- 32 Clinical Risk Assessment,
- Abstract
- Definitions
- Risk Factors for Periodontal Disease
- Risk Determinants/Background Characteristics for Periodontal Disease
- Risk Indicators for Periodontal Disease
- Risk Markers/Predictors for Periodontal Disease
- Clinical Risk Assessment for Periodontal Disease
- Conclusion
- References
- 33 Determination of Prognosis
- Abstract
- Definitions
- Types of Prognosis
- Factors in Determination of Prognosis
- Prognosis of Specific Periodontal Diseases
- Determination and Reassessment of Prognosis
- Conclusion
- References
- 34 Treatment Planning and the Rationale for Periodontal Treatment
- Abstract
- Overall Treatment Plan
- Sequence of Therapy
- Explaining the Treatment Plan to the Patient
- Conclusion
- 35 Electronic Dental Records and Decision Support Systems
- Abstract
- Functionalities and Components Available in Electronic Dental Records
- Electronic Dental Record Use in Dental Practices
- Future of Electronic Dental Records and Decision Support Systems in Dentistry
- References
- Section 2 Management of Patients With Special Needs
- 36 Periodontal Treatment of Medically Compromised Patients
- Abstract
- Cardiovascular Diseases
- Endocrine Disorders
- Hemorrhagic Disorders
- Renal Diseases
- Liver Diseases
- Pulmonary Diseases
- Medications and Cancer Therapies
- Prosthetic Joint Replacement
- Pregnancy
- Infectious Diseases
- References
- 37 Periodontal Therapy in the Female Patient
- Abstract
- Puberty
- Menses
- Pregnancy
- Oral Contraceptives
- Menopause
- Conclusions
- References
- 38 Periodontal Treatment for Older Adults
- Abstract
- The Aging Periodontium
- Demographics
- Dental and Medical Assessments
- Periodontal Diseases in Older Adults
- Periodontal Treatment Planning
- Conclusions
- References
- 39 Treatment of Aggressive and Atypical Forms of Periodontitis,
- Abstract
- Aggressive Periodontitis
- Periodontitis Refractory to Treatment
- Necrotizing Ulcerative Periodontitis
- Conclusions
- References
- Section 3 Diagnosis and Treatment of Periodontal Emergencies
- 40 Treatment of Acute Gingival Disease
- Abstract
- Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis
- Primary Herpetic Gingivostomatitis
- Pericoronitis
- Conclusion
- References
- 41 Treatment of Periodontal Abscess
- Abstract
- Classification of Abscesses
- Specific Treatment Approaches
- References
- Section 4 Nonsurgical Treatment
- 42 Phase I Periodontal Therapy
- Abstract
- Rationale
- Treatment Sessions
- Sequence of Procedures
- Results
- Healing
- Decision to Refer for Specialist Treatment
- Conclusion
- References
- 43 Plaque Biofilm Control for the Periodontal Patient
- Abstract
- The Toothbrush
- Powered Toothbrushes
- Dentifrices
- Toothbrushing Methods
- Interdental Cleaning Aids
- Gingival Massage
- Oral Irrigation
- Caries Control
- Chemical Plaque Biofilm Control With Oral Rinses
- Disclosing Agents
- Frequency of Plaque Biofilm Removal
- Patient Motivation and Education
- Conclusion
- References
- 44 Breath Malodor
- Abstract
- Semantics and Classification
- Epidemiology
- Etiology
- Fundamentals of Malodor Detection
- Diagnosis of Malodor
- Treatment of Oral Malodor
- Conclusion
- References
- 45 Scaling and Root Planing
- Abstract
- Classification of Periodontal Instruments
- General Principles of Instrumentation
- Principles of Scaling and Root Planing
- Instrument Sharpening
- References
- 46 Sonic and Ultrasonic Instrumentation and Irrigation
- Abstract
- Power-Driven Instruments: Overview
- Mechanism of Action of Power Scalers
- Type and Benefit of Power Instruments
- Clinical Outcomes of Power-Driven Instruments
- Principles of Instrumentation
- Conclusion
- References
- 47 Systemic and Local Anti-Infective Therapy for Periodontal Diseases,
- Abstract
- Systemic Antibiotics—Background and Definitions
- Definitions
- Systemic Administration of Antibiotics
- Serial and Combination Antibiotic Therapy
- Locally Delivered Antibiotics: Background and Objectives
- Local Administration of Antibiotics
- Case Reports
- Conclusions
- References
- 48 Occlusal and Orthodontic Therapy
- Abstract
- Pathogenesis
- Evidence-Based Decision-Making
- Terminology
- Occlusal Function and Dysfunction
- Parafunction
- Clinical Examination
- Occlusal Therapy
- Benefits of Orthodontic Therapy
- Preorthodontic Osseous Surgery
- Orthodontic Treatment of Osseous Defects
- Orthodontic Treatment of Gingival Discrepancies
- Implant Interactions in Orthodontics
- Conclusions
- References
- Section 5 Surgical Treatment
- 49 Phase II Periodontal Therapy
- Abstract
- Objectives of the Surgical Phase
- Pocket Elimination Versus Pocket Maintenance
- Reevaluation After Phase I Therapy
- Critical Zones in Pocket Surgery
- Indications for Periodontal Surgery
- Methods of Pocket Therapy
- Conclusions
- References
- 50 General Principles and Types of Periodontal Surgery
- Abstract
- Principles of Periodontal Surgery
- Hospital Periodontal Surgery
- Types of Periodontal Surgeries
- Surgical Instruments
- Gingival Surgery
- Flap Surgery
- Conclusion
- References
- Section 6 Periodontal-Restorative Interrelationships
- 51 Preparation of the Periodontium for Restorative Dentistry
- Abstract
- Rationale for Therapy
- Sequence of Treatment
- Control of Active Disease
- Pre-Prosthetic Surgery
- Conclusion
- References
- 52 Restorative Interrelationships
- Abstract
- Biologic Considerations
- Aesthetic Tissue Management
- Occlusal Considerations in Restorative Therapy
- Special Restorative Considerations
- References
- Section 7 Supportive Care and Results of Periodontal Treatment
- 53 Supportive Periodontal Treatment
- Abstract
- Rationale for Supportive Periodontal Treatment
- Maintenance Program
- Classification of Posttreatment Patients and Risk Assessment
- Referral of Patients to the Periodontist
- Tests for Disease Activity
- Conclusion
- References
- 54 Results of Periodontal Treatment
- Abstract
- Prevention and Treatment of Gingivitis
- Prevention and Treatment of Loss of Attachment
- Tooth Mortality
- Conclusion
- References
- Part 4 Oral Implantology
- Section 1 Biology, Diagnosis, Biomechanics, and Treatment Plan
- 55 Peri-Implant Anatomy, Biology, and Function
- Abstract
- Implant Geometry (Macrodesign)
- Implant Surface Characteristics (Microdesign)
- Hard-Tissue Interface
- Soft-Tissue Interface
- Clinical Comparison of Teeth and Implants
- Conclusion
- References
- 56 Clinical Evaluation and Imaging of the Implant Patient
- Abstract
- Case Types and Indications
- Pretreatment Evaluation
- Risk Factors and Contraindications
- Posttreatment Evaluation
- Diagnostic Imaging for the Implant Patient
- Standard Projections
- Cross-Sectional Imaging
- Interactive “Simulation” Software Programs
- Patient Evaluation
- Clinical Selection of Diagnostic Imaging
- Conclusion
- References
- Section 2 Surgical Procedures
- 57 Basic Implant Surgical Procedures
- Abstract
- General Principles of Implant Surgery
- Two-Stage “Submerged” Implant Placement
- One-Stage “Nonsubmerged” Implant Placement
- Conclusion
- References
- 58 Implant-Related Complications and Failures
- Abstract
- Definitions of Implant Survival and Success
- Types and Prevalence of Implant Complications
- Types of Dental Implants
- Surgical Complications
- Biologic Complications
- Complications Related to Augmentation Procedures
- Complications Related to Placement and Loading Protocols
- Prosthetic or Mechanical Complications
- Aesthetic and Phonetic Complications
- Conclusions
- References
- Section 3 Supportive Care and Results of Implant Treatment
- 59 Supportive Implant Treatment
- Abstract
- Rationale for Supportive Implant Treatment
- Examination of Implants
- Assessment of Peri-Implant Health
- Implant Maintenance
- Treatment of Peri-Implant Diseases
- Referral of Patients to the Periodontist
- References
- 60 Results of Implant Treatment
- Abstract
- Defining Implant Outcomes
- Factors That Influence Implant Outcomes
- Aesthetic Results and Patient Satisfaction
- Conclusions
- References
- Appendix Atlas of Periodontal Diseases
- Index
- No. of pages: 768
- Language: English
- Edition: 1
- Published: March 24, 2020
- Imprint: Elsevier
- Paperback ISBN: 9780323708418
- eBook ISBN: 9780323708425
MN
Michael G. Newman
Mike Newman has had a long career in Periodontology, both as a teacher (UCLA for 35 years now professor emeritus) and a clinician (private office for more than 30 years LA and Beverly Hills California). He is past president of American Academy of Periodontology, past Board Member of AAP Foundation, current Diplomate of the American Board of Periodontology, and founding editor-in-Chief of Journal of Evidence-Based Dental Practice and Annual Report in Dentistry. He currently works as a HealthCare Consultant for professional organizations and private industry specializing in periodontal treatment and practice-based research.
Affiliations and expertise
Professor Emeritus, Section of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CaliforniaGE
Gwendolyn Essex
Affiliations and expertise
Associate Dean of Academic Affairs & Professor, College of Dental Medicine, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, CaliforniaLL
Lory Laughter
Affiliations and expertise
Assistant Professor, Periodontics, Department of Dental Hygiene, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CASE
Satheesh Elangovan
Dr. Satheesh Elangovan is a Professor in Periodontics at the University of Iowa since 2011. Prior to that he completed his Doctor of Medical Science at Harvard School of Dental Medicine. Satheesh teaches in undergraduate periodontal clinic, undergraduate comprehensive care, and periodontal resident clinics as well as directing the Periodontics Method course and muco-gingival literature review course for the residents. His primary research focus is in biomaterials and tissue engineering, as well as translational and health outcomes research in periodontology and implants.
Affiliations and expertise
Professor, Department of Periodontics The University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics Iowa City, Iowa