New Technologies in Animal Breeding

1st Edition - March 28, 1982
Author: B G Brackett
Language: English
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 1 3 8 1 7 - 8

New Technologies in Animal Breeding looks at new reproductive technologies in breeding domestic animals, such as sex selection, frozen storage of oocytes and embryos, in vitro… Read more

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New Technologies in Animal Breeding looks at new reproductive technologies in breeding domestic animals, such as sex selection, frozen storage of oocytes and embryos, in vitro fertilization and embryo culture, amphibian nuclear transplantation, parthenogenesis, identical twins and cloning in mammals, and gene transfer in mammalian cells. It summarizes the state-of-the art and offers perspectives on future directions for several animal industries of great importance in food production, including artificial insemination, embryo transfer, poultry breeding, and aquaculture. Organized into five sections encompassing 14 chapters, this book begins with an overview of animals in society and perspectives on animal breeding. It then discusses the animal industries that are heavily dependent on reproductive technology, including those engaged in cloning, selfing, aquaculture, artificial insemination, and embryo transfer. It also explains the developing technologies as well as their potential applications and impacts on animal production, along with special economic considerations, such as the benefits of reproductive management, synchronization of estrus, and artificial insemination of beef cattle and sheep. The final chapter considers biomedical and agricultural research, implementation of new technologies in animal breeding, and research in animal reproduction. This book is an essential reference for scientists and researchers interested in animal science and animal reproduction.

Contributors

Preface

I Introduction

1. Perspectives on Animal Breeding

I. Overview of Animals in Society

II. Perspectives on Animal Breeding

III. Conclusions

References

II Animal Industries Heavily Dependent on Reproductive Technology

2. The Artificial Insemination Industry

I. Historical Perspective

II. Advantages of Artificial Insemination

III. Growth of Artificial Insemination

IV. Major Technological Milestones in Artificial Insemination Development

V. Impact of Artificial Insemination on Milk Production

VI. Present Situation

VII. Future Potential: Implications and Applications

References

3. The Embryo Transfer Industry

I. Character of the Industry

II. Technology of Embryo Transfer

III. Factors Affecting Growth of the Industry

IV. Summary

References

4. New Aspects in Poultry Breeding

I. Introduction

II. Quantitative Genetic Technologies

III. Use of Qualitative

IV. Reproductive

V. Future Technologies

VI. Conclusion

References

5. Fish and Aquatic Species

I. Introduction

II. Current Techniques of Culture

III. Applied Genetics: Animal Breeding in Aquaculture

References

III Developing Technologies

6. Approaches to Sex Selection in Farm Animals

I. Introduction

II. General Principles of Prenatal Sex Determination

III. Methods of Sex Predetermination

IV. Methods of Prenatal Sex Diagnosis

V. Discussion

References

7. Preservation of Ova and Embryos by Freezing

I. Introduction

II. The Variables of Cryobiology

III. Practical Aspects of Embryo Preservation

IV. Conclusion

References

8. Applications of in Vitro Fertilization

I. Introduction

II. Research

III. Assessment of Gamete Fertilizing Ability

IV. Treatment of Infertility

V. Combination of Selected Gametes for Animal Production

References

9. Amphibian Nuclear Transplantation: State of the Art

I. Introduction

II. Methodology

III. Cloned Frogs

IV. Nuclei of Adult Cells Fail to Program for Normal Development

V. Procedures That Enhance Developmental Potentiality

VI. Nuclear Transplantation in Mammals

References

10. Parthenogenesis, Identical Twins, and Cloning in Mammals

I. Introduction

II. Parthenogenesis

III. Identical Twins

IV. Cloning via Homozygosity

V. Cloning by Nuclear Transplant

VI. Beyond Cloning

References

11. Gene Transfer in Mammalian Cells

I. Introduction

II. Random and Partially Directed Gene Transfer

III. Directed Gene Transfer

IV. Organismic versus Cellular Gene Transfer

V. Concluding Remarks

References

IV Analysis of Impact of Technology on Animal Breeding

12. Potential Genetic Impact of Artificial Insemination, Sex Selection, Embryo Transfer, Cloning, and Selfing in Dairy Cattle

I. Introduction

II. Basic Genetic and Economic Principles

III. Artificial Insemination

IV. Sexed Semen

V. Embryo Transfer

VI. Cloning

VII. Selfing

VIII. Conclusions

IX. Appendix: Equations for Calculating Accuracy of Evaluation according to Selection Index Theory

References

13. Economic Benefits of Reproductive Management, Synchronization of Estrus, and Artificial Insemination in Beef Cattle and Sheep

I. Introduction

II. Current Status of the Beef Industry and the Use of Artificial Insemination

III. Current Technology of Synchronization of Estrus in Beef Cattle

IV. Economic Value of Artificial Insemination at Synchronized Estrus in Beef Cattle

V. Current Status of the Sheep Industry and of Synchronized Estrus and Artificial Insemination for Sheep

VI. Conclusions

References

V Continuation and Implementation of Research

14. Continuation and Implementation of Research

I. Biomedical and Agricultural Research

II. Continuation of Research in Animal Reproduction

III. Implementation of New Technologies

References

Index