New Perspectives in Adipose Tissue
Structure, Function and Development
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New Perspectives in Adipose Tissue: Structure, Function and Development reviews the state of knowledge on adipose tissue. The book begins with discussions of the anatomy and morphology of adipose tissue. This is followed by separate chapters on the nervous control of circulation and metabolism in white adipose tissue; hormonal regulation of biosynthetic activities in white adipose tissue; hormonal control of lipid degradation; and plasma membrane properties and receptors in white adipose tissue. Subsequent chapters cover topics such as lipoproteins and adipose tissue; brown adipose tissue thermogenesis and energy balance in animals and man; methodological approaches to the study of the adipose tissues; adipose tissue growth following lipectomy; the adipocyte precursor cell; and adipose tissue dysfunction and its consequences. In addition to being authoritative source material, the chapters presented in this book are wide in their coverage and appeal.
Table of Contents
1 The Comparative Anatomy of Adipose Tissue
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Anatomy of Adipose Tissue in the Fetus
1.3 Cellularity of Adipose Tissue
1.4 Stromal-Vascular Aspects of Adipose Tissue
1.5 References
2 The Morphology of Adipose Tissue
2.1 Introduction
2.2 White Adipose Tissue
2.3 Brown Adipose Tissue
2.4 Acknowledgments
2.5 References
3 Nervous Control of Circulation and Metabolism in White Adipose Tissue
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Innervation of White Adipose Tissue
3.3 Control of Transmitter Release
3.4 Nervous Control of Circulation
3.5 Nervous Control of Metabolism
3.6 Interplay between Circulation and Metabolism
3.7 Pathophysiological Considerations—Adipose Tissue in Shock
3.8 Summary and Conclusions
3.9 Acknowledgments
3.10 References
4 The Metabolism of White Adipose Tissue In Vivo and In Vitro
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Methodological Aspects
4.3 Blood Flow
4.4 Lipoprotein Lipase and the Utilization of Plasma Triacylglycerol
4.5 Fatty Acid Synthesis
4.6 Esterification
4.7 Lipolysis
4.8 References
5 Hormonal Regulation of Biosynthetic Activities in White Adipose Tissue
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Precursors of Biosynthesis: information Gained from Measurements of Metabolic Fluxes
5.3 The Provision of Precursors
5.4 Conversion of Intracellular Glucose to Triosephosphates and to Pyruvate
5.5 Control of the Pyruvate Dehydrogenase (PDH) Complex
5.6 Acetyl CoA Carboxylase
5.7 Other Enzymes Associated with the FAS Pathway
5.8 The Esterification Pathway
5.9 References
6 Hormonal Control of Lipid Degradation
6.1 Introduction
6.2 The Rate-Controlling Enzyme: The Hormone-Sensitive Lipase
6.3 Short-term Hormonal Control of Lipolysis
6.4 Conclusions and Perspectives
6.5 Acknowledgments
6.6 References
7 Plasma Membrane Properties and Receptors in White Adipose Tissue
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Methodological Approaches for the Study of the Fat Cell Plasma Membrane
7.3 Plasma Membrane Receptors: identification, Characterization and Purification
7.4 Summary and Concluding Remarks
7.5 References
8 Lipoproteins and Adipose Tissue
8.1 The Plasma Lipoproteins
8.2 The Lipoproteins and Adipose Tissue
8.3 The Relation of Adipose Tissue Cholesterol Storage to Circulating Lipoprotein Cholesterol
8.4 Conclusion
8.5 References
9 The Role of Brown Adipose Tissue Thermogenesis in Energy Balance
9.1 Introduction
9.2 BAT Thermogenesis and Energy Balance in Normal Animals
9.3 BAT Thermogenesis and Energy Balance in obese Animals
9.4 Role of BAT Thermogenesis in Energy Balance in Man
9.5 Conclusion and Implications for the Future
9.6 References
10 Brown Adipose Tissue: Molecular Mechanisms Controlling Activity and Thermogenesis
10.1 Brown Adipose Tissue is not White Adipose Tissue
10.2 The Energy-Consuming, Heat-Producing Function of BAT
10.3 Heat Production In Vitro
10.4 The Question of the Nature of the Intracellular Mediator of Thermogenesis
10.5 The Recovery Processes
10.6 Physiological Recruitment of the Thermogenic Capacity of BAT
10.7 Perspectives
10.8 Acknowledgments
10.9 References
11 Methodological Approaches to the Study of the Adipose Tissues: Their Impact on Research into the Aetiology of Obesity
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Methodological Approaches to Determine whether the Increased White Fat Cell Size of Genetically Obese Rodents is Caused by their Nature or their Nurture
11.3 Methodological Approaches to the Measurement of Blood Flow to BAT
11.4 Methodological Approaches to the Identification of the Adipose Tissues
11.5 Concluding Remarks
11.6 Acknowledgments
11.7 References
12 Regulation of Adipose Tissue Development in Utero
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Metabolic Development
12.3 Effectors of Fetal Adipose Tissue Development
12.4 Genetic Aspects
12.5 Central Mechanisms
12.6 Summary
12.7 Acknowledgment
12.8 References
13 Growth of Adipose Tissue following Lipectomy
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Animal Experiments
13.3 Use of Lipectomy to Study Regulation of Body Fat Mass: 'Lipodynamics'
13.4 Lipectomy in Man
13.5 References
14 Cell and Tissue Culture Models of Adipocyte Development
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Models of Adipocyte Differentiation Using Cells Derived from Adipose Tissue
14.3 Models of Adipocyte Differentiation Using Cells Derived from Non-Adipose Tissue
14.4 Factors Affecting Adipocyte Differentiation
14.5 Structural and Functional Changes during Adipocyte Differentiation In Vitro
14.6 Concluding Remarks
14.7 Acknowledgments
14.8 References
15 The Adipocyte Precursor Cell
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Adipocyte Precursors In Vitro
15.3 Functional Characteristics of Adipocyte Precursors
15.4 Effect of Hormones on Adipocyte Precursors
15.5 Effect of Growth Factors
15.6 Adipocyte Precursor Clones
15.7 Development of Adipocyte Precursors In Vivo
15.8 Adipocyte Delipidation
15.9 The Nature of the Adipocyte
15.10 Adipocyte Precursor Characteristics in Human and Animal Obesities
15.11 New Perspectives in Adipose Cellularity
15.12 References
16 Biochemical Markers of Adipocyte Precursor Differentiation
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Measurements of Overall Metabolic Changes
16.3 Activities of Intracellular Enzymes of Lipid Metabolism
16.4 Changes in the Levels of other Proteins
16.5 Changes in the Responses to Hormones
16.6 Cell Surface Changes
16.7 Postscript
16.8 References
17 The Role of Hormone Status in the Development of Excess Adiposity in Animal Models of Obesity
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Hormone Secretion in Animal Obesities
17.3 Regulation of Food Intake
17.4 Hormonal Control of Energy Expenditure
17.5 Hormonal Control of Lipid Metabolism in Obesity
17.6 Adipose Tissue Development in Animal Obesities
17.7 Concluding Remarks
17.8 References
18 Adipose Tissue Dysfunction and its Consequences
18.1 Introduction
18.2 Obesity and Adipose Tissue Morphology
18.3 Endocrine Regulation of Adipocytes
18.4 Regional Obesity and Classification
18.5 Integration of Regional Obesity Data and Adipocyte Function
18.6 Summary, Outlook and Conclusions
18.7 References
Index
Product details
- No. of pages: 490
- Language: English
- Copyright: © Butterworth-Heinemann 1985
- Published: April 22, 1985
- Imprint: Butterworth-Heinemann
- eBook ISBN: 9781483163970
About the Editors
A. Cryer
R. L. R. Van
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