Neurologic Emergencies, An Issue of Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America

1st Edition, Volume 39-1 - November 19, 2020
Editors: Michael K. Abraham, Evie Marcolini
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 7 6 3 2 8 - 8
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 7 6 3 2 9 - 5

This issue of Emergency Medicine Clinics, guest edited by Drs. Michael K. Abraham and Evie Marcolini, focuses on Neurologic Emergencies. This issue is one of four selected each… Read more

Neurologic Emergencies, An Issue of Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America

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This issue of Emergency Medicine Clinics, guest edited by Drs. Michael K. Abraham and Evie Marcolini, focuses on Neurologic Emergencies. This issue is one of four selected each year by series Consulting Editor, Dr. Amal Mattu. Topics include: Traumatic injuries of the nervous system; Modern Neuroimaging Techniques in Diagnosing TIA and Acute Ischemic Stroke; Neurologic Emergencies at the Extremes of Age; Headache in the Emergency Department Avoiding Misdiagnosis of Dangerous Secondary Causes and Infections of the Central Nervous System.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Contributors
Forthcoming Issues
Foreword
Preface: Neurologic Emergencies: 2020 Update
Traumatic Injuries to the Spinal Cord and Peripheral Nervous System
Key points
Introduction
Peripheral nerve injury
Spinal cord injury
Summary
Clinics care points
Modern Neuroimaging Techniques in Diagnosing Transient Ischemic Attack and Acute Ischemic Stroke
Key points
Introduction
Discussion
Summary
Clinics care points
Neurologic Emergencies at the Extremes of Age
Key points
Introduction
Neurologic emergencies in the pediatric patient
Neurologic emergencies in the geriatric patient
Clinical care points
Headache in the Emergency Department: Avoiding Misdiagnosis of Dangerous Secondary Causes, An Update
Key points
Nature of the problem/definition
General approach to the patient with headache
Dangerous causes of secondary headache
Diagnosis and Initial Emergency Department Management of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Key points
Introduction
Discussion
Summary
Clinics care points
Central Nervous System Infections in the Immunocompromised Adult Presenting to the Emergency Department
Key points
Common clinical syndromes
Approach to central nervous system infection in the emergency department
A differential diagnosis of a central nervous system infection in immunocompromised patients
Additional considerations
Bacterial central nervous system infections
Viral infection
Fungal infection
Parasitic infections
Mycobacterial infections
Summary
Functional Seizures
Key points
Introduction
Epidemiology
Evaluation
History
Semiology
Laboratory findings
Imaging
Neurophysiology
Therapeutic options
Psychotherapy
Future directions
Summary
Clinical care points
Emergency Neuropharmacology
Key points
Introduction
Status epilepticus
Central nervous system infections
Traumatic brain injury
Traumatic spinal cord injury
Pharmacotherapy adjuncts for targeted temperature management
Antihypertensives for neurologic emergencies
Diagnosis of Coma
Key points
Introduction
History and physical examination pearls
Differential diagnosis
The future of coma
Approach to Acute Weakness
Introduction, history, definitions, and background
Discussion
Summary
Clinical care points
Diagnosis of Patients with Acute Dizziness
Key points
Introduction
History, definitions, and background
Relevant anatomy, physiology, and pathophysiology
Current evidence
Differential diagnosis and misdiagnosis
Diagnostic approach
Spontaneous episodic vestibular syndrome
Triggered episodic vestibular syndrome
Imaging
Controversies
Summary
Clinics care points
Sedation for Rapid Sequence Induction and Intubation of Neurologically Injured Patients
Key points
Introduction
Background/epidemiology
Physiologic considerations in patients with traumatic brain injury
Establishing an airway
Adjunctive medications
Induction agents
Hypoxia, hypoventilation, and rapid sequence induction and intubation: the chicken or the egg?
Summary
Disclosure
NeuroEthics and End of Life Care
Key points
Introduction
The ethics of endovascular stroke therapy for patients in the emergency department
Brain death in the emergency department
Airway management in devastating neurologic conditions
Consent in critical neurologic patients
Organ donation in emergency medicine
Summary
Clinics care points
Novel Treatments for Transient Ischemic Attack and Acute Ischemic Stroke
Key points
Introduction
Evaluation
Intravenous thrombolysis
Endovascular stroke care
Neuroprotective therapy
Contraindications to reperfusion strategies
Special circumstances
Transient ischemic attack