Neale's Disorders of the Foot and Ankle

9th Edition - June 15, 2020
Editors: J. Gordon Burrow, Keith Rome, Nat Padhiar
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 7 0 2 0 - 6 2 2 3 - 0
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 7 0 2 0 - 6 5 0 4 - 0

Now in its 9th edition and fully updated to reflect 21st century podiatric practice Neale’s Disorders of the Foot and Ankle continues to be essential reading for students entering… Read more

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Now in its 9th edition and fully updated to reflect 21st century podiatric practice Neale’s Disorders of the Foot and Ankle continues to be essential reading for students entering the profession, qualified podiatrists and other health care professionals interested in the foot. Written by a renowned team of expert editors and international contributors it gives up-to-date, evidence-based content of the highest quality. Podiatric students should find everything they need within its covers to pass their exams, whilst qualified clinicians will find it a useful reference during their daily practice. All the common conditions encountered in day-to-day podiatric practice are reviewed and their diagnoses and management described along with areas of related therapeutics.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Preface to First Edition
Preface to Ninth Edition
Donald Lewis Lorimer 1933–2018
Don Lorimer Tribute
Acknowledgements
Contributors
1. Structure and Function of the Foot
Introduction
Skeleton of the Foot
Movements of the Ankle and Foot
Arches of the Feet
The Windlass Mechanism of the Foot
Structural Adaptation of the Musculoskeletal System
2. Examination and Diagnosis in Clinical Management
Introduction
Gathering Data
Taking A Comprehensive Podiatric History
Elements of the History
Attributes of Symptoms
Performing the Physical Examination
Applying Critical Thinking to the Information Gathered
Development of the Diagnosis
Creating the Record
3. The Skin and Nails in Podiatry
Introduction
Integumentary System
Structure and Function of the Skin
Acute Inflammation
Chronic Wounds (Ulcers)
Scarring
Burns
Atrophy
Chilblains and Chilling
Infections and the Skin
Vitiligo
Disorders of Sweating
Fissures
Corns and Callus
Bursitis
The Skin as an Indicator of Psychological Disturbance
The Nail in Health and Disease
Involution (Pincer, Omega Nail)
Onychocryptosis (Ingrowing Toenail)
Subungual Exostosis
Subungual Heloma (Corn)
Subungual Melanoma
Onychauxis (Hypertrophied Nail)
Onychogryphosis (Ram’s Horn, Ostler’s Toe)
Onychophosis
Paronychia
Onychia
Onycholysis
Onychomadesis (Onychoptosis, Aplastic Anonychia)
Onychatrophia (Anonychia)
Onychorrhexis (Reed Nail)
Beau’s Lines
Hippocratic Nails (Clubbing)
Koilonychia (Spoon-Shaped Nail)
Onychomycosis (Tinea Unguium)
Leuconychia
Yellow Nail Syndrome
Pterygium
4. Dermatological Conditions of the Foot and Leg
Introduction
Inflammatory Skin Diseases
Hyperhidrosis
Blistering Disorders
Lesions
Bacterial Infection of the Feet
Fungal Infections of the Feet and Nails
5. Circulatory Disorders
Introduction
Chronic Venous Disease
Lymphoedema
Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD)
Critical Limb Ischaemia
Acute Limb Ischaemia
Blue Toe Syndrome
PAD Case Studies
Microvascular, Inflammatory and Vasospastic Conditions
Vasculitis
Vasospastic Disorders
Acrocyanosis
Chilblains (PERNIO)
Erythromelalgia
Livedo Reticularis
Erythema Ab Igne
Frostbite
Immersion Foot (Trench/Festival Foot)
6. Neurological Disorders in the Lower Extremity
Introduction
Basic Structure and Examinations of the Nervous System
Neurological Disorders Affecting the Lower Extremity
Conclusion
7. Basic Biomechanics of Gait
Introduction
Centre of Gravity
Musculoskeletal System Function
Stability
Centre of Pressure
Force, Load, Strain and Stress
Gait Cycle
Diagnosis of Foot Disorders
8. Musculoskeletal Podiatric Medicine
Clinical Biomechanics
The Neutral or Reference Position
The Principle of Compensation
Overview of Position-Based Pathology and Compensations of the Foot
Challenges to the Validity of the Root-Based Model of Clinical Biomechanics
Abnormalities of Foot Posture in Adults
Rearfoot Conditions
Posterior Heel Pain
Midfoot Conditions
The Forefoot
Summary
9. Rheumatic Diseases
Introduction
Defining Rheumatology and the Musculoskeletal Diseases
General Epidemiology of Rheumatic Conditions
Burden of Disease
The Epidemiology of Foot Problems in Rheumatology
A Brief Overview of Pharmacological Management
Medical Management in Rheumatology
The Foot in Rheumatology
Specific Diseases
Assessing Outcomes in Rheumatic Disease
Summary
10. Metabolic Disorders and Management of High-Risk Patients
Introduction
Type 1 Diabetes
Type 2 Diabetes
Monogenic Diabetes or Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY)
Secondary Diabetes
Diagnosis
Clinical Features of Diabetes
Treatment
Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes
Hypoglycaemia
Complications of Diabetes
Prevention of Complications
Diabetic Foot
Neuropathic Foot
Ischaemic Foot
Metabolic Bone Disease
Conclusion
11. Podiatric Management of the Elderly
Introduction
The Ageing Foot
Gait and Posture in Ageing
Podiatric Management
Conclusion
12. Paediatric Podiatry
Introduction to Paediatric Podiatry
Part 1: C.A.P.E.R. – Five Steps for Paediatric Podiatrists
Part 2 – The Paediatric Podiatry ‘Baker’s Dozen’
13. Podiatric Sports Medicine
Introduction
Forefoot
Midfoot
Hindfoot and Ankle
14. Leprosy and Tropical Diseases
Leprosy
Tropical Diseases
15. Pharmacology and Therapeutics
Introduction
Structure of the Chapter
Pharmacological Principles
Case 1
Case 2
Case 3: Painful Diabetic Neuropathy
16. Pain Control
Introduction
Definition
Anatomy
Somatic Pain
Physiology
Principles of Pain Management
The World Health Organization (Who) Three-Step Analgesic Ladder
Adjuvant Analgesics
Antidepressants
Anticonvulsants
Duloxetine
Antiarrhythmics
Topical Drugs
Nmda Receptor Antagonists
Regional Analgesia
Physical Therapy
Psychology
Specific Chronic Pain Conditions of the Lower Limb
17. Local Anaesthetics
Introduction
Chemical Structure
Mechanism of Action
Pharmacology
Inflamed Tissue
Allergy
Adjuvants
Maximum Safe Doses
Toxicity
Choice of Local Anaesthetic
Local Anaesthetic Techniques
Needle Stick Injury
Local Infiltration & Digital Nerve Block
Ankle Nerve Block
Popliteal Nerve Block
18. Minor Surgery of The Foot: Nail Surgery
Nail Surgery
Phenolisation
The Phenolisation Technique
Surgical Resection Procedures
Treatment of Subungual Exostosis
Cryosurgery, Electrosurgery, Coagulation and Laser Therapy
Cryosurgery
Electrosurgery and Radiosurgery (Cutting, Coagulation, Desiccation and Fulguration)
Laser Therapy
Corn Cutting in the 21st Century
Conclusion
19. Diagnostic Imaging
Introduction
Conventional Radiographs and Fluoroscopy
Principles of Radiographic Assessment and Appraisal
Pathology of Nerves
Summary
20. Podiatric Surgery
Introduction
First Ray Pathology
Lesser Ray Pathology
Digital Deformities
Midfoot Pathology
Adult-Acquired Flat Foot
The Diabetic Foot
Wound Closure
Complications
21. Footwear
Introduction
The Role of Footwear
The Components of Footwear
Footwear Features
Manufacture of Footwear
Footwear Categories
Assessment of Footwear
Approach to the Consultation
Footwear as an Aid to Diagnosis
Assessing the Fit of Footwear
Footwear Management
Barriers to Footwear Management and Potential Solutions
Guidance for Patients When Buying Shoes
Recommended Features of A Good-Fitting Shoe
Desirable Features of Footwear for Specific Foot Conditions
Referral for Therapeutic Footwear
Conclusion
22. Foot Orthoses
Introduction
What is a foot orthosis?
Principles of Management
Short-Term Padding
Orthodigital Devices
Simple Insoles
Contoured Prefabricated and Custom-Made Foot Orthoses
Effectiveness and Effects of Foot Orthoses
Foot Orthotic Prescription
Conclusions
Acknowledgements
23. Complementary and Integrated Medicines
Introduction
Acupuncture in Podiatry
Herbal Medicine (Phytomedicine) in Podiatry
Homeopathy in Podiatry
Conclusion
Acknowledgements
24. Forensic and Legal Medicine
Introduction
What is an Expert Witness?
Types of Expert Witness
Arenas in Which Experts Are Instructed
What Training is Required to be an Expert Witness?
25. Principles of Infection Prevention and Control
Background
Blood/Blood-Stained Body Fluid Spillage Management
Management of Waste
Infection Control Strategies and Methods of Control
26. Evidence-Based Practice
What is Evidence-Based Practice?
It’s not Just About Research
Hierarchy of Research Evidence
Podiatry’s Research Base
Benefits and Barriers to Evidence-Based Practice
Linking Research to Practice
Summary
27. Medical Emergencies
Local Anaesthetic Toxicity
Clinical Assessment
Clinical Monitoring
Emergency Drugs and Equipment
Predictable Events
Unpredictable Events
Summary
28. Health and Safety in Podiatric Practice
Introduction
Effective Management
Successful Health and Safety Management
Safety Culture
Safe Systems of Work
Legal Duties
The Employer’s Responsibility to Various Parties
Health and Safety Policy
Risk Assessments
Legal Requirements Where Risk Assessment is Specified – Specific Risks
Index

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J. Gordon Burrow

Keith Rome