Nano-enabled Agrochemicals in Agriculture

Nano-Enabled Agrochemicals in Agriculture presents a targeted overview of the safe implementation of nanotechnologies within agricultural and horticultural settings, with the purpose of achieving enhanced production while maintaining ecological integrity. The growing global request for agricultural crops and products requires high standards of quality and safety, which has stimulated the search for new technologies that preserve their quality and delay their decomposition. Nanotechnology may boost plant production by improving nutrient uptake/use efficiency with nanoformulations of fertilizers and agrochemicals for plant enhancement, detection and treatment of diseases, and host-parasite interactions at the molecular level using nanosensors. It also may improve plant disease diagnostics, removal of contaminants from soil and water, postharvest management of vegetables and flowers, and reclamation of salt-affected soils.

Although the markets for nanoproducts and nanoformulations continue to increase, there are also growing concerns regarding the fate and behavior of nanomaterials in environmental systems. Exploring important topics related to nanotechnology and nanomaterials, the book includes the use of nanochemicals in insect pest management, as nanofungicides, nanoherbicides, micronutrient supply, and nanosensors to monitor crop and soil health conditions, from detection of agrochemicals to their slow release of agrochemicals, and their impact on related environs.

This book will serve as an excellent resource for a wide range of plant scientists who have concerns about nanomaterial interactions with terrestrial and aquatic plants.

Cover
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Contributors
Chapter 1: The role of nanotechnology to combat major recent worldwide challenges
Abstract
1: Recent problems and efforts towards their solution
References
Chapter 2: Classification of nanomaterials and their physical and chemical nature
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Origin
3: Classification of nanostructures
4: Various phenomena that affect the properties of nanomaterials
5: Properties of nanomaterials
References
Chapter 3: The theory of relativity effect in nanoparticles: Deciphering of unknown effects with nano-puzzle and nano-domini
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Unknown effects and gaps
3: The theory of relativity effect
4: Nano-puzzle as a new concept and strategy in nanotechnology
5: Domino effect or chain effect theory in NPs (Nano-domino)
6: Hypothetical experiment design for relativity theory effect
7: Conclusions
References
Further reading
Chapter 4: Eco-friendly routes for obtaining nanoparticles and their application in agro-industry
Abstract
Acknowledgments
1: Benefits and risks of nanoparticles
2: Synthesis of nanoparticles: Bioinspiration, biomimetics, or allowing nature do the work
3: NPs come from nature and to nature they shall return
4: Technological strategies in agriculture
5: Nanoparticles for biotic stress and plant disease/pest management
6: Nanoparticles against weeds
References
Chapter 5: The mechanisms involved in the synthesis of biogenic nanoparticles
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Literature review
3: Zinc nanoparticles
4: Silver nanoparticles
5: Conclusions
References
Chapter 6: Advanced analytical techniques for physico-chemical characterization of nano-materials
Abstract
1: Electron microscopy
2: Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy
3: Raman spectroscopy
4: X-ray diffraction (XRD)
5: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)
6: Thermal analysis techniques
7: NPs interaction with soils and microorganisms
References
Chapter 7: Nanotechnology for cargo delivery with a special emphasis on pesticide, herbicide, and fertilizer
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Materials for fabrication of nanoformulations of pesticides/herbicides and nanofertilizers
3: Nanoparticles as active ingredients
4: Nanoporous zeolite
5: Conclusion
References
Chapter 8: Nano-biofertilizers for enhanced nutrient use efficiency
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Nano-biofertilizers
3: Mineral nutrients deficiency in plants
4: Nutrient availability
5: Effects of nano-biofertilizers on plant nutrition
6: Biological mechanisms of nano-biofertilizers action
7: Benefits of nano-biofertilizers over conventional chemical fertilizers
8: Conclusion
References
Chapter 9: Nanopriming technology for improving crop plants under stressful conditions: concept and methods
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Concept of seed priming techniques
3: Methods of seed priming
4: The downside of seed priming
5: Recent developments in seed priming
6: Future perspectives
References
Chapter 10: Applications of nanotechnology in precision agriculture
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Nanoparticle (NP) synthesis and uptake
3: Commonly exploited nanoparticles in precision agriculture
4: Nanotechnological interventions in precision agriculture
5: Future perspectives
6: Conclusion
References
Chapter 11: Algal nanoparticles and their potential application in agriculture
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Algae as bio-nanofactories
3: Microalgae-based NP synthesis
4: Macroalgae-based NP synthesis
5: Mechanisms for the role of algae in nanoparticle formation
6: Advantages of algal-based nanoparticles
7: Algal nanoparticles in agriculture
8: Concluding remarks and future perspective
References
Chapter 12: Silver and zinc nanoparticles in the improvement of agricultural crops
Abstract
Acknowledgments
1: Introduction
2: General properties of NPs
3: Roles of AgNPs in crop improvement
4: Roles of ZnNPs in crop improvement
5: Toxicity mediated by AgNPs and ZnNPs: A brief overview
6: Conclusion
7: Future perspectives
References
Chapter 13: Biogenic nanoparticles and their application for removal of organic contaminants from water and wastewater
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Nanoparticles and biogenic nanoparticles
3: Biogenic nanoparticles for removal of organic contaminants from water and wastewater
4: Conclusions
References
Chapter 14: Stimulatory role of nanomaterials on agricultural crops
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Biostimulation with the use of nanomaterials
3: Stimulation of growth and development of crops with the application of NMs
4: Stimulation of environmental stress tolerance compounds
5: Stimulation of tolerance compounds to pathogenic microorganisms
6: Stimulation of biocompounds in different organs of plants
7: Conclusions
References
Chapter 15: Green synthesis of nanoparticles and their uses in agriculture
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Green synthesis nanoparticles
3: Role of nanotechnology in agriculture
4: Conclusions
References
Chapter 16: A comprehensive review on nanopesticides and nanofertilizers—A boon for agriculture
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Importance of agriculture
3: Problems faced by people in agriculture
4: Role of pesticides in the augmentation of crop production
5: Role of fertilizers in the augmentation of crop production
6: Applications of nanotechnology in agriculture
7: An agricultural revolution by nanopesticides and nanofertilizers in agriculture
8: What are nanofertilizers?
9: Conventional bulk fertilizers vs. nanofertilizers
10: Environmental and health concerns of nanofertilizers
11: What are nanopesticides?
12: Hazards associated with the use of nanopesticides and nanofertilizers and their management
13: Conclusion
References
Chapter 17: Nano-enabled agrochemicals for sustainable agriculture
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Pesticide-loaded nano-enabled agrochemicals
3: New trends and challenges for field application of pesticide-loaded nano-enabled agrochemicals
4: Conclusions
References
Chapter 18: Synthesis of nanofungicides by encapsulating fungicide nanoparticles using functionalized graphene and its application against phytopathogenic Rhizoctonia solani
Abstract
Acknowledgments
1: Introduction
2: Materials and methods
3: Results and discussion
4: Conclusions
Conflict of interest
References
Chapter 19: Effects of nanoparticles on phytotoxicity, cytotoxicity, and genotoxicity in agricultural crops
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Phytotoxicity
3: Cytotoxicity
4: Genotoxicity
5: Conclusions
References
Chapter 20: Engineered nanomaterial-mediated changes in the growth and development of common agricultural crops
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Classes of nanomaterials
3: Relevance of engineered nanomaterials in agriculture/crop production
4: Beneficial effects of engineered nanomaterials on growth and development of selected agricultural crops
5: Beneficial effects of ENMs on biotic stress of the studied crop plants
6: The ecological risk associated with nanomaterials inputs in agriculture
7: Conclusion
References
Chapter 21: Biosynthesis and green synthesis of nanoparticles and their use in agriculture
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Biosynthesis of nanoparticles
3: Biosynthesis of nanoparticles by fungi
4: Biosynthesis of nanoparticles by bacteria
5: Biosynthesis of nanoparticles by plant extract
6: Nanoparticles as antimicrobials
7: Plant pathogenicity and nanoparticles
8: Plant growth parameters and efficacy of nano-formulations on them
9: Conclusions
10: Future prospects
References
Chapter 22: Nanoparticle-based solutions for diagnosis and management of fungal plant pathogens
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Diagnosis and management of some fungal plant pathogens in nanoscale
3: Conclusions
References
Chapter 23: Current status and future prospects of nanoparticles as plant genetic materials carrier
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Prevalent methods of plant transformation and challenges associated with them
3: Nanocarriers for genetically modified crops
4: Nanocarriers non-GM opportunities
5: Advantages of nanoparticles for genetic engineering
6: Need for future research
7: Conclusion
References
Chapter 24: Current developments in nanotechnology for the growth of different industrial sectors: 2010–20
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Nanotechnology development in different sectors, 2010–20
3: Nanotechnology: Current development in agriculture sector
4: Nano biosensors for food processing
5: Conclusion
6: Future direction
References
Chapter 25: Impacts of nanomaterials on metabolic profiling of agricultural crops
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: NPs action on metabolic profiling of plants
3: Conclusions
References
Chapter 26: Polymeric nanoparticle-based insecticide: A critical review of agriculture production
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Different types of insecticides and their mode of action
3: Role of nanotechnology in next generation agriculture
4: Nanoparticles as pesticides
5: The current scenario
6: Nano-based insecticides
7: Chitosan nanoparticles for sustainable agriculture
8: Limitations
9: Future prospective and research challenges
References
Chapter 27: Nano–delivery system: In the agriculture sector
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Nanoparticles and nano-carriers for agriculture
3: Drug delivery: In agriculture
4: Prospects of nano-delivery system technology in agriculture
5: Application of nanoparticles in agriculture and food sectors is quite recent compared to their use in drug delivery and pharmaceuticals
6: Conclusion
References
Chapter 28: Nanotechnology, a new tool for agriculture and agroindustry
Abstract
1: Nanotechnology in the agriculture and agroindustry
2: Nanomaterials
3: Nano metal oxides as elicitors
4: Nano metal oxides for plant disease protection
5: Application of nanofibers in agriculture
6: Conclusions
References
Chapter 29: Synthesis of different TiO2 nanostructures using central composite design optimization method and application of TiO2-nanobelt for water microorganism's purification
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Experimental setup
3: Result and discussion
4: Conclusions
References
Index

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Mansour Ghorbanpour

Muhammad Adnan Shahid