Movement Disorders in Sleep, An Issue of Sleep Medicine Clinics

1st Edition, Volume 16-2 - May 17, 2021
Editor: Diego Garcia-Borreguero
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 8 1 3 6 7 - 9
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 8 1 3 6 8 - 6

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Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Forthcoming Issues
Contributors
Preface
The Clinical Evaluation of Sleep-Related Movement Disorders
Key points
Introduction
Definition
Evaluation of a patient with a movement disorder
Clinical history
Physical examination
Sleep questionnaires and scales to measure sleepiness
Laboratory assessment
Other laboratory test: neuroimaging
Classification
Restless legs syndrome
Nocturnal movements related to obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
Non–rapid eye movement parasomnias
Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder
Nocturnal seizures
Periodic limb movement disorder
Sleep bruxism
Clinics care points
Restless Legs Syndrome - Clinical Features
Key points
Definition
Epidemiology and comorbid conditions
Diagnostic criteria
Differential diagnosis
Complementary tests in restless legs syndrome
Treatment
Clinics care points
Akathisia and Restless Legs Syndrome: Solving the Dopaminergic Paradox
Key points
Introduction: the clinical complexity of restless legs syndrome
The dopaminergic paradox of akathisia
Indirect interactions between dopamine receptors subtypes: the D1R-D2R cooperation at the circuit level
Direct interactions between dopamine receptors subtypes: the D1R-D3R heteromer
Dopaminergic mechanisms in acute dopamine receptor blocking agent–induced akathisia
Dopaminergic mechanisms in the tardive syndrome
Dopaminergic mechanisms in restless legs syndrome: dependence on brain iron deficiency
Glutamatergic mechanisms in restless legs syndrome: hypersensitivity of striatal glutamatergic terminals
Adenosinergic mechanisms in restless legs syndrome: down-regulation of A1R
Summary
In memoriam
Restless Legs Syndrome: Challenges to Treatment
Key points
Introduction
Dopamine agonists
α2δ ligands
Opioids
Iron replacement therapy
New drug developments
Clinics care points
The Long-Term Psychiatric and Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mortality of Restless Legs Syndrome and Periodic Limb Movements of Sleep
Key points
Introduction
Psychiatric illness
Cardiovascular disease
Mortality
Summary
Clinics care points
Periodic Leg Movements During Sleep
Key points
Introduction
Summary
Clinics care points
Pediatric Restless Legs Syndrome
Key points
History/background and definition
Prevalence and predisposing factors
Clinical characteristics and relevance
Pathophysiology
Diagnostic evaluation and differential diagnosis
Treatment
Future directions
Summary
Clinics care points
Supplementary data
Sleep-Related Rhythmic Movement Disorder
Key points
Introduction
Demographics
Pathophysiology
Diagnosis
Clinical features and comorbidities
Treatment options
Summary
Clinics care points
Sleep Disorders in Parkinson Disease
Key points
Introduction
Insomnia
Daytime sleepiness and involuntary napping
Sleep-related breathing disorders
Circadian disorders
Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder and other parasomnias
Other parasomnias
Sleep-related movement disorders
Sleep motor interaction
Clinics care points
The Isolated Form of Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder: The Upcoming Challenges
Key points
Definition
Clinical findings
Pathophysiology
Classification
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Relevance
Neuroprotection
Management
Clinics care points
Disclosure
Fragmentary Hypnic Myoclonus and Other Isolated Motor Phenomena of Sleep
Key points
Introduction
Physiological and excessive fragmentar hypnic myoclonus
Hypnic jerks (sleep starts)
Hypnagogic foot tremor, alternating leg muscle activation, and high-frequency leg movement spectrum
Sleep-related leg cramps
Summary
Clinics Care Points
Propriospinal Myoclonus
Key points
Introduction
Clinical picture
Cause and etiopathogenesis
Neurophysiology and imaging
Differential diagnosis
Treatment
Clinics care points
Sleep Bruxism: An Integrated Clinical View
Key points
Background
Pathophysiological factors
Diagnosis
Summary
Clinics care points
Restless Sleep Disorder
Key points
Introduction
Clinical characteristics
Pathophysiology
Diagnosis
Evaluation
Therapeutic options
Future directions
Summary
Clinics care points
Sleep and Epilepsy, Clinical Spectrum and Updated Review
Key points
Introduction
Sleep and interictal discharges
Sleep and select epilepsy syndromes
Semiology of sleep-related hypermotor epilepsy and parasomnias
Epilepsy versus non–rapid eye movement parasomnias
Epilepsy versus Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder
Summary
Disclosure

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Diego Garcia-Borreguero