Monitoring Underground Nuclear Explosions

Monitoring Underground Nuclear Explosions

1st Edition - January 1, 1977

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  • Authors: Ola Dahlman, Hans Israelson
  • eBook ISBN: 9781483165165

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Description

Monitoring Underground Nuclear Explosions focuses on the checking of underground nuclear explosions, including the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTB), seismological stations, earthquake-source models, and seismicity. The publication first elaborates on test-ban negotiations, nuclear explosions, seismological background, and explosions and earthquakes as seismic sources. Concerns cover comparison between explosion-source and earthquake-source models, theoretical calculation of seismic waves, earth structure, seismicity, nuclear test activities, bomb designs, and disarmament treaties. The manuscript then tackles seismological stations, detection, event definition and location, depth estimation, and identification. Topics include multistation discriminants, statistical aspects, long-period and short-period signals, near distances, location by a network of stations, international data exchange, station detection capabilities, and station networks. The book examines the monitoring of a comprehensive test-ban treaty, nonseismological identification, evasion, peaceful nuclear explosions, and yield estimation. The text is a dependable reference for researchers interested in the monitoring of underground nuclear explosions.

Table of Contents


  • 1. Introduction

    2. Test Ban Negotiations

    2.1 Review of Test-Ban Negotiations

    2.2 Disarmament Treaties

    2.3 Present Positions on the Test-Ban Issue

    3. Nuclear Explosions

    3.1 A and H Bombs

    3.2 Bomb Designs

    3.3 Nuclear Explosion Phenomena

    3.4 Nuclear Test Activities

    3.5 Technical, Military, and Political Significance of Nuclear-Weapon Tests

    4. Seismological Background

    4.1 Earth Structure

    4.2 Seismic Waves

    4.3 Seismicity

    5. Explosions and Earthquakes as Seismic Sources

    5.1 Explosion-Source Models

    5.2 Earthquake-Source Models

    5.3 Comparison Between Explosion-Source and Earthquake-Source Models

    5.4 Theoretical Calculation of Seismic Waves

    6. Seismological Stations

    6.1 Instrumentation

    6.2 Station Networks

    7. Detection

    7.1 Seismic Noise

    7.2 Detection Processes

    7.3 Station Detection Capabilities

    7.4 Network Capabilities

    8. Event Definition and Location

    8.1 Location by an Array Station

    8.2 Location by a Network of Stations

    8.3 Event Location at Short Distances

    8.4 International Data Exchange

    9. Depth Estimation

    9.1 Surface-Reflected Phases

    9.2 P-Arrival Times

    9.3 Near Distances

    9.4 Long-Period Signals

    9.5 Short-Period Signals

    9.6 Comparison and Combinations

    10. Identification

    10.1 Statistical Aspects

    10.2 The mb(Ms) Discriminant

    10.3 Short-Period Discriminants

    10.4 Other Discriminants

    10.5 Multistation Discriminants

    10.6 Operative Aspects of Discrimination

    11. Yield Estimation

    11.1 Theoretical Amplitude—Yield Relations

    11.2 Observed mb—Yield Relations

    11.3 Observed Ms—Yield Relations

    11.4 Yield Estimates of Underground Nuclear Explosions 1963—1976

    12. Peaceful Nuclear Explosions

    12.1 Possible Applications of PNE

    12.2 Nuclear Explosions Conducted for Peaceful Purposes

    12.3 Future Prospects for PNE

    13. Evasion

    13.1 Decoupling

    13.2 Multiple Explosions

    13.3 Hide-in-Earthquake Method

    13.4 The Feasibility of Evasion

    14. Nonseismological Identification

    14.1 On-Site Inspection

    14.2 Reconnaissance Satellites

    14.3 Intelligence Methods

    15. Monitoring a Comprehensive Test-Ban Treaty

    15.1 Political Requirements of the Verification of a CTB

    15.2 A Monitoring System

    15.3 General Conclusions

    Appendix 1. Treaties Related to Nuclear Explosions

    Appendix 2. Announced and Presumed Nuclear Explosions in 1963—1976

    References

    Abbreviations and Symbols

    Index

Product details

  • No. of pages: 450
  • Language: English
  • Copyright: © Elsevier 1977
  • Published: January 1, 1977
  • Imprint: Elsevier
  • eBook ISBN: 9781483165165

About the Authors

Ola Dahlman

Hans Israelson

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