
Monitoring Underground Nuclear Explosions
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Monitoring Underground Nuclear Explosions focuses on the checking of underground nuclear explosions, including the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTB), seismological stations, earthquake-source models, and seismicity. The publication first elaborates on test-ban negotiations, nuclear explosions, seismological background, and explosions and earthquakes as seismic sources. Concerns cover comparison between explosion-source and earthquake-source models, theoretical calculation of seismic waves, earth structure, seismicity, nuclear test activities, bomb designs, and disarmament treaties. The manuscript then tackles seismological stations, detection, event definition and location, depth estimation, and identification. Topics include multistation discriminants, statistical aspects, long-period and short-period signals, near distances, location by a network of stations, international data exchange, station detection capabilities, and station networks. The book examines the monitoring of a comprehensive test-ban treaty, nonseismological identification, evasion, peaceful nuclear explosions, and yield estimation. The text is a dependable reference for researchers interested in the monitoring of underground nuclear explosions.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction
2. Test Ban Negotiations
2.1 Review of Test-Ban Negotiations
2.2 Disarmament Treaties
2.3 Present Positions on the Test-Ban Issue
3. Nuclear Explosions
3.1 A and H Bombs
3.2 Bomb Designs
3.3 Nuclear Explosion Phenomena
3.4 Nuclear Test Activities
3.5 Technical, Military, and Political Significance of Nuclear-Weapon Tests
4. Seismological Background
4.1 Earth Structure
4.2 Seismic Waves
4.3 Seismicity
5. Explosions and Earthquakes as Seismic Sources
5.1 Explosion-Source Models
5.2 Earthquake-Source Models
5.3 Comparison Between Explosion-Source and Earthquake-Source Models
5.4 Theoretical Calculation of Seismic Waves
6. Seismological Stations
6.1 Instrumentation
6.2 Station Networks
7. Detection
7.1 Seismic Noise
7.2 Detection Processes
7.3 Station Detection Capabilities
7.4 Network Capabilities
8. Event Definition and Location
8.1 Location by an Array Station
8.2 Location by a Network of Stations
8.3 Event Location at Short Distances
8.4 International Data Exchange
9. Depth Estimation
9.1 Surface-Reflected Phases
9.2 P-Arrival Times
9.3 Near Distances
9.4 Long-Period Signals
9.5 Short-Period Signals
9.6 Comparison and Combinations
10. Identification
10.1 Statistical Aspects
10.2 The mb(Ms) Discriminant
10.3 Short-Period Discriminants
10.4 Other Discriminants
10.5 Multistation Discriminants
10.6 Operative Aspects of Discrimination
11. Yield Estimation
11.1 Theoretical Amplitude—Yield Relations
11.2 Observed mb—Yield Relations
11.3 Observed Ms—Yield Relations
11.4 Yield Estimates of Underground Nuclear Explosions 1963—1976
12. Peaceful Nuclear Explosions
12.1 Possible Applications of PNE
12.2 Nuclear Explosions Conducted for Peaceful Purposes
12.3 Future Prospects for PNE
13. Evasion
13.1 Decoupling
13.2 Multiple Explosions
13.3 Hide-in-Earthquake Method
13.4 The Feasibility of Evasion
14. Nonseismological Identification
14.1 On-Site Inspection
14.2 Reconnaissance Satellites
14.3 Intelligence Methods
15. Monitoring a Comprehensive Test-Ban Treaty
15.1 Political Requirements of the Verification of a CTB
15.2 A Monitoring System
15.3 General Conclusions
Appendix 1. Treaties Related to Nuclear Explosions
Appendix 2. Announced and Presumed Nuclear Explosions in 1963—1976
References
Abbreviations and Symbols
Index
Product details
- No. of pages: 450
- Language: English
- Copyright: © Elsevier 1977
- Published: January 1, 1977
- Imprint: Elsevier
- eBook ISBN: 9781483165165
About the Authors
Ola Dahlman
Hans Israelson
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