Metabolic Transport

1st Edition - January 1, 1972
Editor: Lowell Hokin
Language: English
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 1 4 2 9 7 - 7

Metabolic Pathways, Third Edition: Metabolic Transport, Volume VI investigates membrane transport and its role in cell physiology. The book describes the transport of solutes… Read more

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Metabolic Pathways, Third Edition: Metabolic Transport, Volume VI investigates membrane transport and its role in cell physiology. The book describes the transport of solutes across membranes and of carbohydrates in bacterial cells, as well as other processes such as cellular transport of water, amino acid transport in microorganisms, proton transport, and calcium transport by the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Organized into 16 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the kinetics of transport, emphasizing the monovalent carrier mechanism of facilitated diffusion and active transport involving monovalent carriers. The book then introduces the reader to the transport of various ligands by animal cells or microorganisms; transport by intracellular organelles; and the role of sodium pump in animal tissues in the regulation of cellular metabolism and function. The book also examines the transport of biogenic amines and some mechanisms involved in the control of transport. A few examples of the role of transport in subserving other cellular processes are presented. This book is a valuable source of information for workers in the transport field, along with biologists whose research interests overlap with the transport field.

List of Contributors

Preface

Contents of Other Volumes

Volumes in Series

Errata for Volume III

Chapter 1 The Use of the Steady-State Assumption to Derive Kinetic Formulations for the Transport of a Solute across a Membrane

Glossary 1

I. Introduction

II. Rate Equations for the Monovalent Carrier Mechanism of Facilitated Diffusion

III. Active Transport Involving Monovalent Carrier

IV. Two Substrates Competing for the Same Site on a Monovalent Carrier

References

Chapter 2 Ion Transport in Microorganisms

I. Introduction

II. Monovalent Cation Transport

III. Anion Transport

IV. Bivalent Cations

V. Cation Binding by the Cell Surface

VI. Control of Transport

VII. Functions of Transport Systems

VIII. Discussion

References

Chapter 3 Carbohydrate Transport in Bacterial Cells

I. Introduction

II. Modes of Transport

III. The Phosphotransferase System

IV. Transport Studies with Membrane Vesicles

V. Concluding Remarks

References

Chapter 4 Cellular Transport of Water

I. Water Transport—Basic Concepts

II. Net Water Fluxes across the Cell Membrane

III. Inadequate Aspects of the Leak-and-Pump Hypothesis

IV. Concluding Remarks

References

Chapter 5 Amino Acid Transport in Microorganisms

I. Introduction

II. General Considerations

III. Transport Systems

IV. Alkali Metal and Ammonium Ion Effects

V. Isolation of Transport Systems

References

Chapter 6 Proton Transport

I. Introduction

II. Passive Proton Transport

III. Active Proton Transport

References

Chapter 7 The Sodium Pump in Animal Tissues and Its Role in the Control of Cellular Metabolism and Function

I. Introduction

II. Properties of the Na Pump in Animal Cells

III. Interactions between the Na Pump and Cellular Metabolism and Function

IV. Control of Pumping Capacity

References

Chapter 8 The Sodium-Potassium Adenosinetriphosphatase

I. Introduction

II. Properties of the Enzyme

III. Lipid Requirement

IV. Reaction Mechanism

V. Cardiac Glycosides

VI. Purification

VII. Phosphorylated Subunit

VIII. Conformational Changes

IX. Models for Na and Κ Transport

References

Chapter 9 Transport of Calcium by the Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

I. Introduction

II. Regulation of the Contraction-Relaxation Cycle by Sarcoplasmic Reticulum. A Historic Outline

III. Transport of Ca2+ by Fragmented Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

References

Note Added in Proof

Chapter 10 Calcium Transport by Selected Animal Cells and Tissues

I. Introduction

II. Isolated Kidney and HeLa Cells

III. Calcium Transport by the Erythrocyte

IV. Calcium Transport in Bone Cells

V. Chorioallantoic Membrane of the Avian Egg

VI. The Avian Shell Gland

VII. Intestinal Calcium Transport

VIII. Summation

References

Chapter 11 Transport of Carbohydrates by Animal Cells

I. Introduction

II. The Facilitated Diffusion Systems

III. The Active Transport Systems

IV. Attempts at Carrier Extraction or Site Identification

References

Chapter 12 Transport of Amino Acids by Animal Cells

Glossary

I. General

II. Special Systems of Amino Acid Transport

References

Note Added in Proof

Chapter 13 The Transport of Biogenic Amines

I. Introduction

II. Biogenic Amine Transport in the Peripheral Adrenergic Neuron

III. Transport of Biogenic Amines in the Central Nervous System

IV. Biogenic Amine Transport in Blood Platelets

V. Biogenic Amine Transport in Mast Cells

VI. Biogenic Amine Transport in the Adrenal Medullary Vesicle

VII. Biogenic Amine Transport in Tissues Not Containing Amine Storage Vesicles

VIII. Summary

References

Chapter 14 Transport of Drugs

I. Introduction

II. Distinction between Active Transport and Passive Transfer

III. Small Intestine

IV. Central Nervous System

V. Eye

VI. Liver

VII. Kidney

References

Chapter 15 Mechanisms of Mitochondrial Ion Transport

I. Introduction

II. Monovalent Cation Transport

III. Divalent Cation Transport

IV. Anion Transport

V. Nucleotide Transport

VI. Nonelectrolytes

VII. Energetics of Ion Transport

VIII. The Mechanisms of Ion Transport

References

Chapter 16 Some Mechanisms for Hormonal Effects on Substrate Transport

I. Introduction

II. Effects on Sugar Transport

III. Amino Acids

IV. Cations

V. Concerning Mechanisms

VI. Water, Sodium and ADH

VII. Mineralocorticoids

VIII. Effects of Growth Hormone

References

Author Index

Subject Index